Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2012-05-31 13:51:48 -0600
Update Date2015-06-03 15:54:05 -0600
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • ECMDB01401
Identification
Name:Glucose 6-phosphate
DescriptionGlucose 6 phosphate (alpha-D-glucose 6 phosphate or G6P) is the alpha-anomer of glucose-6-phosphate. There are two anomers of glucose 6 phosphate, the alpha anomer and the beta anomer Glucose-6-phosphate is a phosphorylated glucose molecule on carbon 6. When glucose enters a cell, it is immediately phosphorylated to G6P. This is catalyzed with hexokinase enzymes, thus consuming one ATP. A major reason for immediate phosphorylation of the glucose is so that it cannot diffuse out of the cell. The phosphorylation adds a charged group so the G6P cannot easily cross cell membranes. G6P can travel down two metabolic pathways, glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway. Note, the molecule now has 2 phosphoryl groups attached. The addition of the 2nd phosphoryl group is an irreversible step, so once this happens G6P will enter glycolysis and be turned into pyruvate (ATP production occurs). After being converted to G6P, phosphoglucose mutase (isomerase) can turn the molecule into glucose-1-phosphate. Glucose-1-phosphate can then be combined with uridine triphosphate (UTP) to form UDP-glucose. This reaction is driven by the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate that is released in the reaction. (Wikipedia)
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms:
  • β-D-glucose-6-P
  • A-D-glucose 6- phosphate
  • a-D-Glucose 6- phosphoric acid
  • A-D-Glucose 6-phosphate
  • a-D-Glucose 6-phosphoric acid
  • A-D-Glucose-6-phosphate
  • a-D-Glucose-6-phosphoric acid
  • a-D-Hexose 6-phosphate
  • a-D-Hexose 6-phosphoric acid
  • Alpha-D-Glucose 6-phosphate
  • alpha-D-Glucose 6-phosphoric acid
  • Alpha-D-Hexose 6-phosphate
  • alpha-D-Hexose 6-phosphoric acid
  • b-D-Glucose-6-P
  • Beta-D-Glucose-6-P
  • D(+)-Glucopyranose 6-phosphate
  • D(+)-Glucopyranose 6-phosphoric acid
  • D-Glucose 6-phosphate
  • D-Glucose 6-phosphoric acid
  • D-Glucose-6-dihydrogen phosphate
  • D-Glucose-6-dihydrogen phosphoric acid
  • D-Glucose-6-P
  • D-Glucose-6-phosphate
  • D-Glucose-6-phosphoric acid
  • D-Hexose 6-phosphate
  • D-Hexose 6-phosphoric acid
  • Glucose 6-phosphate
  • Glucose 6-phosphoric acid
  • Glucose-6-P
  • Glucose-6-phosphate
  • Glucose-6-phosphoric acid
  • Robison ester
  • α-D-Glucose 6-phosphate
  • α-D-Glucose 6-phosphoric acid
  • α-D-Hexose 6-phosphate
  • α-D-Hexose 6-phosphoric acid
  • β-D-Glucose-6-P
Chemical Formula:C6H13O9P
Weight:Average: 260.1358
Monoisotopic: 260.029718526
InChI Key:NBSCHQHZLSJFNQ-GASJEMHNSA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/C6H13O9P/c7-3-2(1-14-16(11,12)13)15-6(10)5(9)4(3)8/h2-10H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t2-,3-,4+,5-,6?/m1/s1
CAS number:56-73-5
IUPAC Name:{[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy}phosphonic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name:glucose 6-phosphate
SMILES:OC1O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hexose phosphates. These are carbohydrate derivatives containing a hexose substituted by one or more phosphate groups.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
Sub ClassCarbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
Direct ParentHexose phosphates
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Hexose phosphate
  • Monosaccharide phosphate
  • Monoalkyl phosphate
  • Organic phosphoric acid derivative
  • Alkyl phosphate
  • Oxane
  • Phosphoric acid ester
  • Hemiacetal
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Oxacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Polyol
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Alcohol
  • Organic oxide
  • Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State:Liquid
Charge:-2
Melting point:Not Available
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility31.4 g/LALOGPS
logP-2.1ALOGPS
logP-3.1ChemAxon
logS-0.92ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)1.22ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.6ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count8ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count6ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area156.91 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity46.8 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability21 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations:Cytoplasm
Reactions:
Phosphoenolpyruvic acid + D-Glucose > Glucose 6-phosphate + Pyruvic acid
Glucose 1-phosphate <> Glucose 6-phosphate
Glucose 6-phosphate + Water > D-Glucose + Phosphate
Glucose 6-phosphate + NADP <> 6-Phosphonoglucono-D-lactone + Hydrogen ion + NADPH
Glucose 6-phosphate + UDP-Glucose > Hydrogen ion + Trehalose 6-phosphate + Uridine 5'-diphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate + D-Glucose > ADP + Glucose 6-phosphate + Hydrogen ion
Arbutin 6-phosphate + Water > Glucose 6-phosphate + Hydroquinone
Fructoselysine-6-phosphate + Water <> Glucose 6-phosphate + L-Lysine
Glucose 6-phosphate <> Fructose 6-phosphate
Water + Trehalose 6-phosphate > Glucose 6-phosphate + D-Glucose
Adenosine triphosphate + D-Glucose <> ADP + D-Hexose 6-phosphate + Glucose 6-phosphate
Adenosine triphosphate + alpha-D-Glucose <> ADP + Glucose 6-phosphate
UDP-Glucose + Glucose 6-phosphate <> Uridine 5'-diphosphate + Trehalose 6-phosphate
Protein N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine + D-Glucose <> Protein histidine + Glucose 6-phosphate
Glucose 6-phosphate + Alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate <> beta-D-Glucose 6-phosphate
Glucose 6-phosphate <> beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate
Glucose 1-phosphate <> D-Hexose 6-phosphate + Glucose 6-phosphate
Phosphoenolpyruvic acid + b-D-Glucose > Glucose 6-phosphate + Pyruvic acid
Cellobiose-6-phosphate + Water > Glucose 6-phosphate + b-D-Glucose
beta-D-Glucose 1-phosphate Glucose 6-phosphate
b-D-Glucose + Adenosine triphosphate > Hydrogen ion + Glucose 6-phosphate + ADP
&alpha;-D-glucose 6-phosphate <> Glucose 6-phosphate
Salicin 6-phosphate + Water > Glucose 6-phosphate + salicyl alcohol
Trehalose 6-phosphate + Water > Glucose 6-phosphate + b-D-Glucose
6-Phospho-beta-D-glucosyl-(1,4)-D-glucose + Water > D-Glucose + Glucose 6-phosphate

SMPDB Pathways:
Galactose metabolismPW000821 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Glutathione metabolismPW000833 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Starch and sucrose metabolismPW000941 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Trehalose Degradation I (low osmolarity)PW002097 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
KEGG Pathways:
EcoCyc Pathways:
Concentrations
Find out more about how we convert literature concentrations.
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (6 TMS)splash10-000b-1932000000-59f4881b86595037d013View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (6 TMS)splash10-0f7t-1933000000-4894135f21c21c369428View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (6 TMS; 1 MEOX)splash10-00di-9522000000-81266970683faa1f2aafView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (6 TMS; 1 MEOX)splash10-00di-9412000000-2f2a0e772025b48bf6f3View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 MEOX; 6 TMS)splash10-000j-1956000000-692b4df2b9c16f6a780cView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 MEOX; 6 TMS)splash10-000i-1957000000-bd94955ffc1474153a48View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (6 TMS)splash10-0v0a-0596000000-676527ddfc1d596e78f8View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-000b-1932000000-59f4881b86595037d013View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0f7t-1933000000-4894135f21c21c369428View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-00di-9522000000-81266970683faa1f2aafView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-00di-9412000000-2f2a0e772025b48bf6f3View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-000j-1956000000-692b4df2b9c16f6a780cView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-000i-1957000000-bd94955ffc1474153a48View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-0v0a-0596000000-676527ddfc1d596e78f8View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0005-9740000000-a6e81224fb97751dc2e6View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (4 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-001i-6252790000-ef5662fb1886367e07f2View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, N/A (Annotated)splash10-03di-0090000000-5653def80d1b5ff0eebbView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, N/A (Annotated)splash10-000b-9200000000-66741d773ac31b347625View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, N/A (Annotated)splash10-000t-9000000000-068809fcfaff0d387e6bView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-1090000000-d6e539d78b38c01dafeaView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negativesplash10-0002-9210000000-8b9ff1c5095f48a81fefView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negativesplash10-0002-9000000000-f6e1147852f75db4c0a4View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Negativesplash10-002b-9000000000-1c52fd659f8a2b795e51View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Negativesplash10-004i-9000000000-d3f6a05e18ea6d56c56dView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positivesplash10-0006-0890000000-5f3047c92c970dfe6927View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positivesplash10-004i-0900000000-b84eb7685667fa7ee85eView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positivesplash10-004i-2900000000-d4a0d51bb6e2da28533aView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positivesplash10-004i-6900000000-dfb5bcbd9a7439c32352View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positivesplash10-03gi-9600000000-a0922c82e185f6b5aa67View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positivesplash10-0006-0290000000-7ac7b397c52f29cd3822View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positivesplash10-052b-6590000000-5cdbc23378480ac55c4fView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT (LC/MSD Trap XCT, Agilent Technologies) , Positivesplash10-004i-1900000000-b74270f21c6086362227View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF (UPLC Q-Tof Premier, Waters) , Negativesplash10-002b-9000000000-bc69e8fa215a3b82dcf2View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-0a4i-0090000000-d6e539d78b38c01dafeaView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-0002-9210000000-10019f92fd1eca143babView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-03di-0490000000-94ea79ec673f4688b7a0View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-03dm-5940000000-c649262446626dcb8d6eView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0uka-9800000000-aae2cb792906d2dec6cdView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0a6r-8290000000-8e20219f94b3fe964e38View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-004i-9000000000-b19b64f5cb4124047bafView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-004i-9000000000-ecb75a44e3d25affdf31View in MoNA
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H,1H] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
References
References:
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  • Boden G, Chen X, Ruiz J, White JV, Rossetti L: Mechanisms of fatty acid-induced inhibition of glucose uptake. J Clin Invest. 1994 Jun;93(6):2438-46. Pubmed: 8200979
  • Boden G, Jadali F, White J, Liang Y, Mozzoli M, Chen X, Coleman E, Smith C: Effects of fat on insulin-stimulated carbohydrate metabolism in normal men. J Clin Invest. 1991 Sep;88(3):960-6. Pubmed: 1885781
  • Brehm A, Krssak M, Schmid AI, Nowotny P, Waldhausl W, Roden M: Increased lipid availability impairs insulin-stimulated ATP synthesis in human skeletal muscle. Diabetes. 2006 Jan;55(1):136-40. Pubmed: 16380486
  • Buchholz, A., Takors, R., Wandrey, C. (2001). "Quantification of intracellular metabolites in Escherichia coli K12 using liquid chromatographic-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric techniques." Anal Biochem 295:129-137. Pubmed: 11488613
  • Chang PY, Jensen J, Printz RL, Granner DK, Ivy JL, Moller DE: Overexpression of hexokinase II in transgenic mice. Evidence that increased phosphorylation augments muscle glucose uptake. J Biol Chem. 1996 Jun 21;271(25):14834-9. Pubmed: 8662926
  • Cigolini M, Bonora E, Querena M, Moghetti P, Cacciatori V, Zancanaro C, Benati D, Muggeo M: Differences in glucose metabolic enzyme activities in human adipose tissue from abdominal and gluteal regions. Metabolism. 1988 Sep;37(9):820-3. Pubmed: 3419322
  • Cline GW, Petersen KF, Krssak M, Shen J, Hundal RS, Trajanoski Z, Inzucchi S, Dresner A, Rothman DL, Shulman GI: Impaired glucose transport as a cause of decreased insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen synthesis in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 1999 Jul 22;341(4):240-6. Pubmed: 10413736
  • Fortpied J, Maliekal P, Vertommen D, Van Schaftingen E: Magnesium-dependent phosphatase-1 is a protein-fructosamine-6-phosphatase potentially involved in glycation repair. J Biol Chem. 2006 Jul 7;281(27):18378-85. Epub 2006 May 1. Pubmed: 16670083
  • Foster JD, Pederson BA, Nordlie RC: Glucose-6-phosphatase structure, regulation, and function: an update. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1997 Sep;215(4):314-32. Pubmed: 9270716
  • Ishii, N., Nakahigashi, K., Baba, T., Robert, M., Soga, T., Kanai, A., Hirasawa, T., Naba, M., Hirai, K., Hoque, A., Ho, P. Y., Kakazu, Y., Sugawara, K., Igarashi, S., Harada, S., Masuda, T., Sugiyama, N., Togashi, T., Hasegawa, M., Takai, Y., Yugi, K., Arakawa, K., Iwata, N., Toya, Y., Nakayama, Y., Nishioka, T., Shimizu, K., Mori, H., Tomita, M. (2007). "Multiple high-throughput analyses monitor the response of E. coli to perturbations." Science 316:593-597. Pubmed: 17379776
  • Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114. Pubmed: 22080510
  • Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590. Pubmed: 21097882
  • Lehto M, Xiang K, Stoffel M, Espinosa R 3rd, Groop LC, Le Beau MM, Bell GI: Human hexokinase II: localization of the polymorphic gene to chromosome 2. Diabetologia. 1993 Dec;36(12):1299-302. Pubmed: 8307259
  • Nakayama Y, Kinoshita A, Tomita M: Dynamic simulation of red blood cell metabolism and its application to the analysis of a pathological condition. Theor Biol Med Model. 2005 May 9;2(1):18. Pubmed: 15882454
  • Peng, L., Arauzo-Bravo, M. J., Shimizu, K. (2004). "Metabolic flux analysis for a ppc mutant Escherichia coli based on 13C-labelling experiments together with enzyme activity assays and intracellular metabolite measurements." FEMS Microbiol Lett 235:17-23. Pubmed: 15158257
  • Petersen KF, Hendler R, Price T, Perseghin G, Rothman DL, Held N, Amatruda JM, Shulman GI: 13C/31P NMR studies on the mechanism of insulin resistance in obesity. Diabetes. 1998 Mar;47(3):381-6. Pubmed: 9519743
  • Price TB, Laurent D, Petersen KF: 13C/31P NMR studies on the role of glucose transport/phosphorylation in human glycogen supercompensation. Int J Sports Med. 2003 May;24(4):238-44. Pubmed: 12784164
  • Roden M: How free fatty acids inhibit glucose utilization in human skeletal muscle. News Physiol Sci. 2004 Jun;19:92-6. Pubmed: 15143200
  • Roussel R, Carlier PG, Wary C, Velho G, Bloch G: Evidence for 100% 13C NMR visibility of glucose in human skeletal muscle. Magn Reson Med. 1997 Jun;37(6):821-4. Pubmed: 9178231
  • Schalin-Jantti C, Harkonen M, Groop LC: Impaired activation of glycogen synthase in people at increased risk for developing NIDDM. Diabetes. 1992 May;41(5):598-604. Pubmed: 1568529
  • Turvey EA, Heigenhauser GJ, Parolin M, Peters SJ: Elevated n-3 fatty acids in a high-fat diet attenuate the increase in PDH kinase activity but not PDH activity in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol. 2005 Jan;98(1):350-5. Pubmed: 15591305
  • Vaag A, Damsbo P, Hother-Nielsen O, Beck-Nielsen H: Hyperglycaemia compensates for the defects in insulin-mediated glucose metabolism and in the activation of glycogen synthase in the skeletal muscle of patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia. 1992 Jan;35(1):80-8. Pubmed: 1541385
  • van der Werf, M. J., Overkamp, K. M., Muilwijk, B., Coulier, L., Hankemeier, T. (2007). "Microbial metabolomics: toward a platform with full metabolome coverage." Anal Biochem 370:17-25. Pubmed: 17765195
  • Vestergaard H, Bjorbaek C, Hansen T, Larsen FS, Granner DK, Pedersen O: Impaired activity and gene expression of hexokinase II in muscle from non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. J Clin Invest. 1995 Dec;96(6):2639-45. Pubmed: 8675629
  • Vijayendran, C., Barsch, A., Friehs, K., Niehaus, K., Becker, A., Flaschel, E. (2008). "Perceiving molecular evolution processes in Escherichia coli by comprehensive metabolite and gene expression profiling." Genome Biol 9:R72. Pubmed: 18402659
  • Villar-Palasi C, Guinovart JJ: The role of glucose 6-phosphate in the control of glycogen synthase. FASEB J. 1997 Jun;11(7):544-58. Pubmed: 9212078
Synthesis Reference:Not Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID17665
HMDB IDHMDB01401
Pubchem Compound ID439284
Kegg IDC00092
ChemSpider ID5743
WikipediaGlucose 6-phosphate
BioCyc IDGLC-6-P
EcoCyc IDGLC-6-P

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
Specific function:
General (non sugar-specific) component of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS). This major carbohydrate active-transport system catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. Enzyme I transfers the phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to the phosphoryl carrier protein (HPr)
Gene Name:
ptsI
Uniprot ID:
P08839
Molecular weight:
63561
Reactions
Phosphoenolpyruvate + protein L-histidine = pyruvate + protein N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine.
General function:
Involved in glucose-6-phosphate isomerase activity
Specific function:
D-glucose 6-phosphate = D-fructose 6- phosphate
Gene Name:
pgi
Uniprot ID:
P0A6T1
Molecular weight:
61529
Reactions
D-glucose 6-phosphate = D-fructose 6-phosphate.
General function:
Involved in glucokinase activity
Specific function:
Not highly important in E.coli as glucose is transported into the cell by the PTS system already as glucose 6-phosphate
Gene Name:
glk
Uniprot ID:
P0A6V8
Molecular weight:
34723
Reactions
ATP + D-glucose = ADP + D-glucose 6-phosphate.
General function:
Involved in carbohydrate binding
Specific function:
Catalyzes the conversion of fructoselysine 6-phosphate to glucose 6-phosphate and lysine
Gene Name:
frlB
Uniprot ID:
P0AC00
Molecular weight:
38569
Reactions
Fructoselysine 6-phosphate + H(2)O = glucose 6-phosphate + L-lysine.
General function:
Involved in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
D-glucose 6-phosphate + NADP(+) = D-glucono- 1,5-lactone 6-phosphate + NADPH
Gene Name:
zwf
Uniprot ID:
P0AC53
Molecular weight:
55704
Reactions
D-glucose 6-phosphate + NADP(+) = 6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + NADPH.
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
Specific function:
Can hydrolyze salicin and arbutin
Gene Name:
bglB
Uniprot ID:
P11988
Molecular weight:
53161
Reactions
6-phospho-beta-D-glucosyl-(1,4)-D-glucose + H(2)O = D-glucose + D-glucose 6-phosphate.
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
Specific function:
Hydrolyzes a wide variety of P-beta-glucosides including cellobiose-6P, salicin-6P, arbutin-6P, gentiobiose-6P, methyl- beta-glucoside-6P and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside-6P. Is also able to hydrolyze phospho-N,N'-diacetylchitobiose
Gene Name:
chbF
Uniprot ID:
P17411
Molecular weight:
50512
Reactions
6-phospho-beta-D-glucosyl-(1,4)-D-glucose + H(2)O = D-glucose + D-glucose 6-phosphate.
General function:
Involved in protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sugar phosphotransferase activity
Specific function:
MalX encodes a phosphotransferase system enzyme II that can recognize glucose and maltose as substrates even though these sugars may not represent the natural substrates of the system
Gene Name:
malX
Uniprot ID:
P19642
Molecular weight:
56627
Reactions
Protein EIIB N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine/cysteine + sugar = protein EIIB + sugar phosphate.
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
Specific function:
Can hydrolyze salicin, cellobiose, and probably arbutin
Gene Name:
ascB
Uniprot ID:
P24240
Molecular weight:
53935
Reactions
6-phospho-beta-D-glucosyl-(1,4)-D-glucose + H(2)O = D-glucose + D-glucose 6-phosphate.
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Alpha,alpha-trehalose 6-phosphate + H(2)O = D- glucose + D-glucose 6-phosphate
Gene Name:
treC
Uniprot ID:
P28904
Molecular weight:
63837
Reactions
Alpha,alpha-trehalose 6-phosphate + H(2)O = D-glucose + D-glucose 6-phosphate.
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose to glucose-6-phosphate to form alpha,alpha-1,1 trehalose-6-phosphate. Acts with retention of the anomeric configuration of the UDP-sugar donor. Essential for viability of the cells at low temperatures and at elevated osmotic strength
Gene Name:
otsA
Uniprot ID:
P31677
Molecular weight:
53611
Reactions
UDP-glucose + D-glucose 6-phosphate = UDP + alpha,alpha-trehalose 6-phosphate.
General function:
Involved in intramolecular transferase activity, phosphotransferases
Specific function:
This enzyme participates in both the breakdown and synthesis of glucose
Gene Name:
pgm
Uniprot ID:
P36938
Molecular weight:
58361
Reactions
Alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate.
General function:
Involved in sugar:hydrogen symporter activity
Specific function:
The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active -transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in glucose transport
Gene Name:
crr
Uniprot ID:
P69783
Molecular weight:
18251
Reactions
Protein EIIA N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine + protein EIIB = protein EIIA + protein EIIB N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine/cysteine.
General function:
Involved in protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sugar phosphotransferase activity
Specific function:
The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active -transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in glucose transport. This enzyme is also a chemoreceptor monitoring the environment for changes in sugar concentration
Gene Name:
ptsG
Uniprot ID:
P69786
Molecular weight:
50676
Reactions
Protein EIIB N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine/cysteine + sugar = protein EIIB + sugar phosphate.
General function:
Involved in phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system
Specific function:
The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active -transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in mannose transport
Gene Name:
manX
Uniprot ID:
P69797
Molecular weight:
35047
Reactions
Protein EIIA N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine + protein EIIB = protein EIIA + protein EIIB N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine/cysteine.
Protein EIIB N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine/cysteine + sugar = protein EIIB + sugar phosphate.
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of sugar phosphate to sugar and inorganic phosphate. Has a wide substrate specificity catalyzing the hydrolysis of fructose-1-P most efficiently, but it remains uncertain if this is the real substrate in vivo
Gene Name:
supH
Uniprot ID:
P75792
Molecular weight:
30413
Reactions
Sugar phosphate + H(2)O = sugar + phosphate.
General function:
Involved in beta-phosphoglucomutase activity
Specific function:
Reversible transformation of glucose 6-phosphate and beta-glucose 1-phosphate
Gene Name:
ycjU
Uniprot ID:
P77366
Molecular weight:
23565
Reactions
Beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate = beta-D-glucose 6-phosphate.
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity, hydrolyzing O-glycosyl compounds
Specific function:
6-phospho-beta-D-glucosyl-(1,4)-D-glucose + H(2)O = D-glucose + D-glucose 6-phosphate
Gene Name:
bglA
Uniprot ID:
Q46829
Molecular weight:
55361
Reactions
6-phospho-beta-D-glucosyl-(1,4)-D-glucose + H(2)O = D-glucose + D-glucose 6-phosphate.
General function:
Involved in phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system
Specific function:
The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS), a major carbohydrate active -transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitant with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in mannose transport
Gene Name:
manY
Uniprot ID:
P69801
Molecular weight:
27636
General function:
Involved in phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system
Specific function:
The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS), a major carbohydrate active -transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitant with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in mannose transport
Gene Name:
manZ
Uniprot ID:
P69805
Molecular weight:
31303
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of the artificial chromogenic substrate p-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP) and of the natural substrates fructose 1-phosphate and 6-phosphogluconate
Gene Name:
yqaB
Uniprot ID:
P77475
Molecular weight:
20780
General function:
Involved in sugar:hydrogen symporter activity
Specific function:
General (non sugar-specific) component of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS). This major carbohydrate active-transport system catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. The phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is transferred to the phosphoryl carrier protein HPr by enzyme I. Phospho-HPr then transfers it to the permease (enzymes II/III)
Gene Name:
ptsH
Uniprot ID:
P0AA04
Molecular weight:
9119
Reactions
Protein HPr N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine + protein EIIA = protein HPr + protein EIIA N(tau)-phospho-L-histidine.
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
yeaD
Uniprot ID:
P39173
Molecular weight:
Not Available

Transporters

General function:
Involved in protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sugar phosphotransferase activity
Specific function:
MalX encodes a phosphotransferase system enzyme II that can recognize glucose and maltose as substrates even though these sugars may not represent the natural substrates of the system
Gene Name:
malX
Uniprot ID:
P19642
Molecular weight:
56627
Reactions
Protein EIIB N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine/cysteine + sugar = protein EIIB + sugar phosphate.
General function:
Involved in protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sugar phosphotransferase activity
Specific function:
The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (sugar PTS), a major carbohydrate active -transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitantly with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in glucose transport. This enzyme is also a chemoreceptor monitoring the environment for changes in sugar concentration
Gene Name:
ptsG
Uniprot ID:
P69786
Molecular weight:
50676
Reactions
Protein EIIB N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine/cysteine + sugar = protein EIIB + sugar phosphate.
General function:
Involved in phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system
Specific function:
The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS), a major carbohydrate active -transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitant with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in mannose transport
Gene Name:
manY
Uniprot ID:
P69801
Molecular weight:
27636
General function:
Involved in phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system
Specific function:
The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS), a major carbohydrate active -transport system, catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitant with their translocation across the cell membrane. This system is involved in mannose transport
Gene Name:
manZ
Uniprot ID:
P69805
Molecular weight:
31303
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Non-specific porin
Gene Name:
ompN
Uniprot ID:
P77747
Molecular weight:
41220
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Uptake of inorganic phosphate, phosphorylated compounds, and some other negatively charged solutes
Gene Name:
phoE
Uniprot ID:
P02932
Molecular weight:
38922
General function:
Involved in transmembrane transport
Specific function:
Transport protein for sugar phosphate uptake
Gene Name:
uhpT
Uniprot ID:
P0AGC0
Molecular weight:
50606
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
OmpF is a porin that forms passive diffusion pores which allow small molecular weight hydrophilic materials across the outer membrane. It is also a receptor for the bacteriophage T2
Gene Name:
ompF
Uniprot ID:
P02931
Molecular weight:
39333
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Forms passive diffusion pores which allow small molecular weight hydrophilic materials across the outer membrane
Gene Name:
ompC
Uniprot ID:
P06996
Molecular weight:
40368