2.0 2012-11-08 09:25:53 -0700 2015-06-03 17:27:29 -0600 ECMDB23734 M2MDB004124 Ubiquinone-5 Ubiquinone-5 is a member of the chemical class known as Polyprenylbenzoquinones. These are compounds containing a polyisoprene chain attached to a quinone at the second ring position. Ubiquione-5 has just 5 isoprene units. Normally in E. coli the active form of Ubiquinone has 8 isoprene units (Ubiquinone-8) and in humans it normally has 10. Ubiquinone-5 is a “failed” or incomplete version of Ubiquinone 8 that arises from conjugation by a shortened prenyl tail via 4-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase. Ubiquionone is involved in cellular respiration. It is fat-soluble and is therefore mobile in cellular membranes; it plays a unique role in the electron transport chain (ETC). In the inner bacterial membrane, electrons from NADH and succinate pass through the ETC to the oxygen, which is then reduced to water. The transfer of electrons through ETC results in the pumping of H+ across the membrane creating a proton gradient across the membrane, which is used by ATP synthase (located on the membrane) to generate ATP. (all-e)-2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-(3,7,11,15,19-pentamethyl-2,6,10,14,18-eicosapentaenyl)-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione 2,3-DIMETHOXY-5-methyl-6-(3,11,15,19-tetramethyl-eicosa-2,6,10,14,18-pentaenyl)-[1,4]benzoquinone 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-pentaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinone 2,3-Dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(2E,6E,10E,14E)-3,7,11,15,19-pentamethylicosa-2,6,10,14,18-pentaen-1-yl]-1,4-benzoquinone Coenzyme Q5 CoQ5 Ubiquinone 25 C34H50O4 522.7584 522.370910088 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(2E,6E,10E,14E)-3,7,11,15,19-pentamethylicosa-2,6,10,14,18-pentaen-1-yl]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione ubiquinone 5 [H]\C(CC\C(C)=C(/[H])CC\C(C)=C(/[H])CC\C(C)=C(/[H])CC1=C(C)C(=O)C(OC)=C(OC)C1=O)=C(\C)CCC=C(C)C InChI=1S/C34H50O4/c1-24(2)14-10-15-25(3)16-11-17-26(4)18-12-19-27(5)20-13-21-28(6)22-23-30-29(7)31(35)33(37-8)34(38-9)32(30)36/h14,16,18,20,22H,10-13,15,17,19,21,23H2,1-9H3/b25-16+,26-18+,27-20+,28-22+ NYFAQDMDAFCWPU-UVCHAVPFSA-N logp 7.63 ALOGPS logs -6.03 ALOGPS solubility 4.83e-04 g/l ALOGPS logp 8.86 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -4.7 ChemAxon iupac 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-[(2E,6E,10E,14E)-3,7,11,15,19-pentamethylicosa-2,6,10,14,18-pentaen-1-yl]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione ChemAxon average_mass 522.7584 ChemAxon mono_mass 522.370910088 ChemAxon smiles [H]\C(CC\C(C)=C(/[H])CC\C(C)=C(/[H])CC\C(C)=C(/[H])CC1=C(C)C(=O)C(OC)=C(OC)C1=O)=C(\C)CCC=C(C)C ChemAxon formula C34H50O4 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C34H50O4/c1-24(2)14-10-15-25(3)16-11-17-26(4)18-12-19-27(5)20-13-21-28(6)22-23-30-29(7)31(35)33(37-8)34(38-9)32(30)36/h14,16,18,20,22H,10-13,15,17,19,21,23H2,1-9H3/b25-16+,26-18+,27-20+,28-22+ ChemAxon inchikey NYFAQDMDAFCWPU-UVCHAVPFSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 52.6 ChemAxon refractivity 167.59 ChemAxon polarizability 64.05 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 16 ChemAxon acceptor_count 4 ChemAxon donor_count 0 ChemAxon physiological_charge 0 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon TCA cycle (ubiquinol-5) The TCA pathway is a catabolic pathway of aerobic respiration. It generates energy and reducing power. It is the first step in generating precursors for biosynthesis. When acetate is the carbon source, citrate synthase is rate-limiting for the TCA cycle. Respiration is an ATP-generating process in which compounds act as electron donors through a chain of electron transfer to electron acceptors. Aerobic respiration uses oxygen as the final acceptor. Anaerobic respiration uses several organic compounds as acceptors such as fumarate, nitrate and hydrogen. During the chain of electron transfer, protons (H+) are transported outside the cytoplasmic membrane, generating a proton motive force. Upon passage of protons back into the cytoplasm, the PMF energy is captured as ATP, catalyzed by a multisubunit ATPase. The cycle can start from Acetyl-CoA interacting with Oxalacetic acid and water through a citrate synthase monomer resulting in a hydrogen ion, CoA and a Citric Acid. The latter compound is dehydrated by a Citrate hydro-lyase resulting in the release of water and a cis-Aconitic acid. This compound is then hydrated through a Citrate hydro-lyase resulting in a D-threo-Isocitric acid. This compound is decarboxylated by an NADP dependent Citrate dehydrogenase, resulting in a release of carbon dioxide and NADPH and Oxoglutaric acid. The oxoglutaric acid interacts with a Coenzyme A through a NAD driven 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase resulting in a release of carbon dioxide, an NADH and succinyl-CoA. The succinyl-CoA interacts with a phosphate and an ADP through a 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase resulting in a CoA, an ATP and Succinic Acid. Succinic acid interacts with a ubiquinone, in this case a ubiquinone 1 through a succinate:quinone oxidoreductase resulting in an ubiquinol, in this case a ubiquinol-1 and a fumaric acid. The fumaric acid interacts with water through a fumarase hydratase resulting in a L-Malic acid.This compound can either interact with quinone through a malate:quinone oxidoreductase resulting in a release of hydroquinone and oxalacetic acid, or it can react with an NAD through a malate dehydrogenase resulting in a hydrogen ion, NADH and Oxalacetic acid. PW001005 Metabolic Specdb::MsMs 24509 Specdb::MsMs 24510 Specdb::MsMs 24511 Specdb::MsMs 31067 Specdb::MsMs 31068 Specdb::MsMs 31069 Succinate dehydrogenase iron-sulfur subunit P07014 DHSB_ECOLI sdhB http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P07014.xml Succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit P0AC41 DHSA_ECOLI sdhA http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0AC41.xml Succinate dehydrogenase hydrophobic membrane anchor subunit P0AC44 DHSD_ECOLI sdhD http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0AC44.xml Succinate dehydrogenase cytochrome b556 subunit P69054 DHSC_ECOLI sdhC http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P69054.xml Succinic acid + Ubiquinone-5 > Fumaric acid + Ubiquinol-5 PW_R003748