Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2012-08-15 08:51:33 -0600
Update Date2015-09-17 15:41:55 -0600
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • ECMDB21652
Identification
Name:Ferricytochrome c
DescriptionCytochrome c, or Cyt c, is a small heme protein and a component of the oxidative phosphorylation electron transport chain. The heme group of cytochrome c accepts electrons from the Cytochrome b-c1 complex (Complex III) and transfers electrons to the Cytochrome oxidase complex (Complex IV). Cyt c is capable of undergoing oxidation and reduction, but does not bind oxygen. Cytochrome c is a highly conserved protein across the spectrum of species, found in plants, animals, and many unicellular organisms. This, along with its small size (molecular weight about 12,000 daltons), makes it useful in studies of cladistics. Its primary structure consists of a chain of about 100 amino acids. (Wikipedia)
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms:
  • Cytochrome c
  • Cytochrome c (JAN)
  • Ferricytochrome c
  • Holocytochrome c
Chemical Formula:C42H68O13
Weight:Average: 780.993
Monoisotopic: 780.46599225
InChI Key:FHOKVOIILRHONR-ZVBGSRNCSA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/C42H68O13/c1-21(19-52-37-36(51)34(49)32(47)27(55-37)20-53-38-35(50)33(48)31(46)26(18-43)54-38)9-8-10-22(2)23-15-16-40(5)28-13-11-24-25(12-14-29(44)39(24,3)4)42(28,7)30(45)17-41(23,40)6/h9,11,22-23,25-29,31-38,43-44,46-51H,8,10,12-20H2,1-7H3/b21-9+
CAS number:9007-43-6
IUPAC Name:λ²-iron(2+) ion 3-[15-(1-{[2-amino-2-(methyl-C-hydroxycarbonimidoyl)ethyl]sulfanyl}ethyl)-10-(1-{[2-amino-3-(methylazanidyl)-3-oxopropyl]sulfanyl}ethyl)-20-(2-carboxyethyl)-5,9,14,19-tetramethyl-21,22,23,24-tetraazapentacyclo[16.2.1.1³,⁶.1⁸,¹¹.1¹³,¹⁶]tetracosa-1(21),2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16(22),17,19-undecaen-4-yl]propanoate
Traditional IUPAC Name:λ²-iron(2+) ion 3-[15-(1-{[2-amino-2-(methyl-C-hydroxycarbonimidoyl)ethyl]sulfanyl}ethyl)-10-(1-{[2-amino-3-(methylazanidyl)-3-oxopropyl]sulfanyl}ethyl)-20-(2-carboxyethyl)-5,9,14,19-tetramethyl-21,22,23,24-tetraazapentacyclo[16.2.1.1³,⁶.1⁸,¹¹.1¹³,¹⁶]tetracosa-1(21),2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16(22),17,19-undecaen-4-yl]propanoate
SMILES:CC(CC\C=C(/C)COC1OC(COC2OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1O)C1CCC2(C)C3CC=C4C(CCC(O)C4(C)C)C3(C)C(=O)CC12C
Chemical Taxonomy
ClassificationNot classified
Physical Properties
State:Solid
Charge:-1
Melting point:Not Available
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.015 g/LALOGPS
logP1.77ALOGPS
logP0.88ChemAxon
logS-4.8ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.48ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)9.23ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count12ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count6ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area245.72 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count16ChemAxon
Refractivity240.33 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability93.79 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings5ChemAxon
Bioavailability0ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations:Cytoplasm
Reactions:
SMPDB Pathways:
Nitrogen metabolismPW000755 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
KEGG Pathways:
EcoCyc Pathways:Not Available
Concentrations
Not Available
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-01ot-0100001950-601d130a0ca35dfc1f98View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-03mi-0100003910-8e5b7b039d7e52bc56c5View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-00b9-2200009500-eac2c56b6945d0e20cbfView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-03di-0000005980-09230045d12082f9cd5dView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-002b-3100039610-15ed964083a3491fdc71View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0002-9200001000-a09b74a827f1a3bd1c2eView in MoNA
References
References:Not Available
Synthesis Reference:Not Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID15991
HMDB IDHMDB12920
Pubchem Compound ID439171
Kegg IDC00125
ChemSpider IDNot Available
WikipediaCytochrome_c
BioCyc IDNot Available

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
The nitrate reductase enzyme complex allows E.coli to use nitrate as an electron acceptor during anaerobic growth. The alpha chain is the actual site of nitrate reduction
Gene Name:
narG
Uniprot ID:
P09152
Molecular weight:
140489
Reactions
Nitrite + acceptor = nitrate + reduced acceptor.
General function:
Involved in nitrogen compound metabolic process
Specific function:
Plays a role in nitrite reduction
Gene Name:
nrfA
Uniprot ID:
P0ABK9
Molecular weight:
53703
Reactions
NH(3) + 2 H(2)O + 6 ferricytochrome c = nitrite + 6 ferrocytochrome c + 7 H(+).
General function:
Involved in nitrate reductase activity
Specific function:
This is a second nitrate reductase enzyme which can substitute for the NRA enzyme and allows E.coli to use nitrate as an electron acceptor during anaerobic growth. The gamma chain is a membrane-embedded heme-iron unit resembling cytochrome b, which transfers electrons from quinones to the beta subunit
Gene Name:
narV
Uniprot ID:
P0AF32
Molecular weight:
26018
Reactions
Nitrite + acceptor = nitrate + reduced acceptor.
General function:
Involved in iron-sulfur cluster binding
Specific function:
The nitrate reductase enzyme complex allows E.coli to use nitrate as an electron acceptor during anaerobic growth. The beta chain is an electron transfer unit containing four cysteine clusters involved in the formation of iron-sulfur centers. Electrons are transferred from the gamma chain to the molybdenum cofactor of the alpha subunit
Gene Name:
narH
Uniprot ID:
P11349
Molecular weight:
58066
Reactions
Nitrite + acceptor = nitrate + reduced acceptor.
General function:
Involved in nitrate reductase activity
Specific function:
The nitrate reductase enzyme complex allows E.coli to use nitrate as an electron acceptor during anaerobic growth. The gamma chain is a membrane-embedded heme-iron unit resembling cytochrome b, which transfers electrons from quinones to the beta subunit
Gene Name:
narI
Uniprot ID:
P11350
Molecular weight:
25497
Reactions
Nitrite + acceptor = nitrate + reduced acceptor.
General function:
Involved in unfolded protein binding
Specific function:
Chaperone required for proper molybdenum cofactor insertion and final assembly of the membrane-bound respiratory nitrate reductase 2
Gene Name:
narW
Uniprot ID:
P19317
Molecular weight:
26160
General function:
Involved in iron-sulfur cluster binding
Specific function:
This is a second nitrate reductase enzyme which can substitute for the NRA enzyme and allows E.coli to use nitrate as an electron acceptor during anaerobic growth. The beta chain is an electron transfer unit containing four cysteine clusters involved in the formation of iron-sulfur centers. Electrons are transferred from the gamma chain to the molybdenum cofactor of the alpha subunit
Gene Name:
narY
Uniprot ID:
P19318
Molecular weight:
58557
Reactions
Nitrite + acceptor = nitrate + reduced acceptor.
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
The alpha chain is the actual site of nitrate reduction
Gene Name:
narZ
Uniprot ID:
P19319
Molecular weight:
140226
Reactions
Nitrite + acceptor = nitrate + reduced acceptor.
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
(S)-lactate + 2 ferricytochrome c = pyruvate + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H(+)
Gene Name:
lldD
Uniprot ID:
P33232
Molecular weight:
42728
Reactions
(S)-lactate + 2 ferricytochrome c = pyruvate + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H(+).
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Catalytic subunit of the periplasmic nitrate reductase (NAP). Only expressed at high levels during aerobic growth. NapAB complex receives electrons from the membrane-anchored tetraheme protein napC, thus allowing electron flow between membrane and periplasm. Essential function for nitrate assimilation and may have a role in anaerobic metabolism
Gene Name:
napA
Uniprot ID:
P33937
Molecular weight:
93041
Reactions
Nitrite + acceptor = nitrate + reduced acceptor.
General function:
Involved in electron carrier activity
Specific function:
2 ferrocytochrome c + H(2)O(2) = 2 ferricytochrome c + 2 H(2)O
Gene Name:
yhjA
Uniprot ID:
P37197
Molecular weight:
51570
Reactions
2 ferrocytochrome c + H(2)O(2) = 2 ferricytochrome c + 2 H(2)O.
General function:
Involved in unfolded protein binding
Specific function:
Chaperone required for proper molybdenum cofactor insertion and final assembly of the membrane-bound respiratory nitrate reductase 1. Required for the insertion of the molybdenum into the apo-NarG subunit, maybe by keeping NarG in an appropriate competent-open conformation for the molybdenum cofactor insertion to occur. NarJ maintains the apoNarGH complex in a soluble state. Upon insertion of the molybdenum cofactor, NarJ seems to dissociate from the activated soluble NarGH complex, before its association with the NarI subunit on the membrane
Gene Name:
narJ
Uniprot ID:
P0AF26
Molecular weight:
26449
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
nrfE
Uniprot ID:
P32710
Molecular weight:
Not Available