2.0 2012-08-09 09:16:12 -0600 2015-09-13 15:15:33 -0600 ECMDB21425 M2MDB001820 Glutaric acid Glutaric acid is a simple five-carbon linear dicarboxylic acid. It is a substrate inhibitor for glutamate decarboxylase. In many organisms it is involved in lysine degradation. 1,3-Propanedicarboxylate 1,3-Propanedicarboxylic acid 1,5-Pentanedioate 1,5-Pentanedioic acid Glutarate Pentandioate Pentandioic acid Pentanedioate Pentanedioic acid C5H8O4 132.1146 132.042258744 pentanedioic acid glutaric acid 110-94-1 OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O InChI=1S/C5H8O4/c6-4(7)2-1-3-5(8)9/h1-3H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9) JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Solid Cytoplasm melting_point 95.8 oC logp 0.046 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 3.76 ChemAxon iupac pentanedioic acid ChemAxon average_mass 132.1146 ChemAxon mono_mass 132.042258744 ChemAxon smiles OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O ChemAxon formula C5H8O4 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C5H8O4/c6-4(7)2-1-3-5(8)9/h1-3H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9) ChemAxon inchikey JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 74.6 ChemAxon refractivity 28.14 ChemAxon polarizability 12.17 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 4 ChemAxon acceptor_count 4 ChemAxon donor_count 2 ChemAxon physiological_charge -2 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon L-glutamate metabolism There are various ways by which glutamate enters the cytoplasm in E.coli. through a glutamate:sodium symporter, glutamate / aspartate : H+ symporter GltP or a glutamate / aspartate ABC transporter. There are various ways by which E. coli synthesizes glutamate from L-glutamine or oxoglutaric acid. L-glutamine, introduced into the cytoplasm by glutamine ABC transporter, can either interact with glutaminase resulting in ammonia and L-glutamic acid, or react with oxoglutaric acid, and hydrogen ion through an NADPH driven glutamate synthase resulting in L-glutamic acid. L-glutamic acid is metabolized into L-glutamine by reacting with ammonium through a ATP driven glutamine synthase. L-glutamic acid can also be metabolized into L-aspartic acid by reacting with oxalacetic acid through an aspartate transaminase resulting in n oxoglutaric acid and L-aspartic acid. L-aspartic acid is metabolized into fumaric acid through an aspartate ammonia-lyase. Fumaric acid can be introduced into the cytoplasm through 3 methods: dicarboxylate transporter , C4 dicarboxylate / C4 monocarboxylate transporter DauA, and C4 dicarboxylate / orotate:H+ symporter PW000789 Metabolic Specdb::CMs 588 Specdb::CMs 589 Specdb::CMs 590 Specdb::CMs 591 Specdb::CMs 1117 Specdb::CMs 7480 Specdb::CMs 27640 Specdb::CMs 30126 Specdb::CMs 30189 Specdb::CMs 30292 Specdb::CMs 30553 Specdb::CMs 30869 Specdb::CMs 31185 Specdb::CMs 32380 Specdb::CMs 37679 Specdb::CMs 151161 Specdb::CMs 1072019 Specdb::CMs 1072021 Specdb::CMs 1072023 Specdb::EiMs 714 Specdb::NmrOneD 1461 Specdb::NmrOneD 2146 Specdb::NmrOneD 2831 Specdb::MsMs 903 Specdb::MsMs 904 Specdb::MsMs 905 Specdb::MsMs 4332 Specdb::MsMs 4333 Specdb::MsMs 4334 Specdb::MsMs 4335 Specdb::MsMs 4336 Specdb::MsMs 4341 Specdb::MsMs 437721 Specdb::MsMs 437722 Specdb::MsMs 437723 Specdb::MsMs 437724 Specdb::MsMs 437725 Specdb::MsMs 439067 Specdb::MsMs 2244468 Specdb::MsMs 2245658 Specdb::MsMs 2246598 Specdb::MsMs 2247668 Specdb::MsMs 2248611 Specdb::MsMs 2249791 Specdb::MsMs 2250583 Specdb::MsMs 2251784 Specdb::MsMs 4331 Specdb::MsMs 273912 Specdb::NmrTwoD 1406 HMDB00661 743 723 C00489 17859 GUA Glutaric acid van der Werf, M. 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