Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2012-07-30 14:55:03 -0600
Update Date2015-09-13 12:56:15 -0600
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • ECMDB21232
Identification
Name:Hydrogen peroxide
DescriptionHydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is the simplest peroxide (a compound with an oxygen-oxygen single bond). It is also a strong oxidizer. Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid, slightly more viscous than water. The oxidizing capacity of hydrogen peroxide is so strong that it is considered a highly reactive oxygen species. Organisms also naturally produce hydrogen peroxide as a by-product of oxidative metabolism. Consequently, nearly all living things (specifically, all obligate and facultative aerobes) possess enzymes known as catalase peroxidases, which harmlessly and catalytically decompose low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. (Wikipedia) Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a very pale blue liquid which appears colourless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. It is a weak acid. It has strong oxidizing properties and has also found use as a disinfectant and as an oxidizer. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a well-documented component of living cells. It plays important roles in host defense and oxidative biosynthetic reactions. In addition, there is growing evidence that at low levels, H2O2 also functions as a signaling agent, particularly in higher organisms. (HMDB) In E. coli, H2O2 is used in the aerobic degradation of L-ascorbate, and produced as a byproduct in many reactions involving oxygen as an oxidizing agent. (EcoCyc) In E. coli glyoxylate metabolism, H2O2 is produced as a byproduct of the conversion of glycolate to glyoxylate by the enzyme glycolate oxidase (EC 1.1.3.15), and H2O2 is then converted to harmless O2 by the enzyme catalase (EC 1.11.1.6). (KEGG)
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms:
  • Adeka Super EL
  • Albone
  • Albone 35
  • Albone DS
  • Anti-Keim 50
  • Asepticper
  • Baquashock
  • Bis(hydridooxygen)(OO)
  • CIX
  • Clarigel Gold
  • Crestal Whitestrips
  • Crystacide
  • Dentasept
  • Deslime LP
  • Dihydrogen dioxide
  • Dihydrogen peroxide
  • Dihydrogen(peroxide)
  • Dioxidane
  • Elawox
  • H2O2
  • H2O2
  • Hioxyl
  • Hipox
  • HOOH
  • Hybrite
  • Hydrogen dioxide
  • Hydrogen dioxide solution
  • Hydrogen oxide
  • Hydrogen peroxide
  • Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
  • Hydrogen peroxide solution (DOT)
  • Hydrogen peroxide, 90%
  • Hydrogen peroxide, solution
  • Hydroperoxide
  • Inhibine
  • Lase Peroxide
  • Lensan A
  • Lensept
  • Magic Bleaching
  • Metrokur
  • Mirasept
  • Nite White Excel 2
  • Odosat D
  • Opalescence Xtra
  • Oxigenal
  • Oxydol
  • Oxyfull
  • Oxysept
  • Oxysept I
  • Pegasyl
  • Perhydrol
  • Perone
  • Peroxaan
  • Peroxclean
  • Peroxide
  • Quasar Brite
  • Select Bleach
  • Superoxol
  • T-Stuff
  • Whiteness HP
  • Whitespeed
  • Xtra White
  • [OH(OH)]
Chemical Formula:H2O2
Weight:Average: 34.0147
Monoisotopic: 34.005479308
InChI Key:MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/H2O2/c1-2/h1-2H
CAS number:7722-84-1
IUPAC Name:peroxol
Traditional IUPAC Name:hydrogen peroxide
SMILES:OO
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as homogeneous other non-metal compounds. These are inorganic non-metallic compounds in which the largest atom belongs to the class of 'other non-metals'.
KingdomInorganic compounds
Super ClassHomogeneous non-metal compounds
ClassHomogeneous other non-metal compounds
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentHomogeneous other non-metal compounds
Alternative ParentsNot Available
Substituents
  • Homogeneous other non metal
Molecular FrameworkNot Available
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State:Liquid
Charge:0
Melting point:-0.43 °C
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility:1000 mg/mL at 25 deg CPhysProp
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP-0.45ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.52ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-4.2ChemAxon
Physiological Charge0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area40.46 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count0ChemAxon
Refractivity5.13 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability2.29 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations:Cytoplasm
Reactions:
Hydrogen peroxide + Reduced Thioredoxin >2 Water + Oxidized Thioredoxin
2 Hydrogen peroxide <>2 Water + Oxygen
2 Hydrogen ion + 2 Superoxide anion > Hydrogen peroxide + Oxygen
Water + Oxygen + Sarcosine > Formaldehyde + Glycine + Hydrogen peroxide
N-Methyltryptophan + Water + Oxygen > Formaldehyde + Hydrogen peroxide + L-Tryptophan
gamma-Glutamyl-L-putrescine + Water + Oxygen > gamma-Glutamyl-gamma-butyraldehyde + Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium
Dopamine + Water + Oxygen > 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium
Water + Oxygen + Tyramine > 4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium
Water + Oxygen + Phenylethylamine > Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium + Phenylacetaldehyde
Water + Oxygen + Pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate > Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium + Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
Oxygen + Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate > Hydrogen peroxide + Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
2 Glutathione + Hydrogen peroxide <> Glutathione disulfide +2 Water
L-Aspartic acid + Oxygen <> Hydrogen ion + Hydrogen peroxide + Iminoaspartic acid
Hydrogen peroxide + L-Methionine > Water + Methionine sulfoxide
2 [4Fe-4S] iron-sulfur cluster + 2 Hydrogen ion + Hydrogen peroxide >2 [3Fe-4S] damaged iron-sulfur cluster +2 Fe3+ +2 Water
Pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + Water + Oxygen <> Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate + Oxygen <> Hydrogen peroxide + Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
L-Aspartic acid + Water + Oxygen <> Oxalacetic acid + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
Glycolic acid + Oxygen <> Glyoxylic acid + Hydrogen peroxide
L-Aspartic acid + Oxygen <> Iminoaspartic acid + Hydrogen peroxide
Methanol + Hydrogen peroxide <> Formaldehyde +2 Water
Pyridoxamine + Water + Oxygen <> Pyridoxal + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
Pyridoxine + Oxygen <> Pyridoxal + Hydrogen peroxide
Tyramine + Water + Oxygen <> 4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
Aminoacetone + Water + Oxygen <> Pyruvaldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
Phenylethylamine + Oxygen + Water <> Phenylacetaldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
2 3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid + 4 Oxygen <> Cinnavalininate +2 Superoxide anion +2 Hydrogen peroxide +2 Hydrogen ion
1,3-Diaminopropane + Oxygen + Water <> 3-Aminopropionaldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
N-Methylputrescine + Oxygen + Hydrogen ion <> 1-Methylpyrrolinium + Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonia
Dopamine + Water + Oxygen <> 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
Methylamine + Oxygen + Water <> Formaldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
Cadaverine + Water + Oxygen <> 5-Aminopentanal + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
gamma-Glutamyl-L-putrescine + Water + Oxygen <> gamma-Glutamyl-gamma-butyraldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen ion + Hydrogen peroxide + Iron > hydroxyl radical + OH<SUP>-</SUP> + Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>
dehydroascorbate (bicyclic form) + Hydrogen peroxide > L-threonate + Oxalic acid + Hydrogen ion
Ascorbic acid + Hydrogen peroxide > monodehydroascorbate + Water
Heme + Hydrogen peroxide Heme D
NAD(P)H + Cr<sup>6+</sup> + Oxygen > NAD(P)<sup>+</sup> + Cr<sup>3+</sup> + Hydrogen peroxide
L-Methionine + Hydrogen peroxide > L-methionine <i>S</i>-oxide + Water
Aminoacetone + Water + Oxygen > Hydrogen ion + Pyruvaldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
an aliphatic amine + Water + Oxygen > an aldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide + Hydrogen ion
Water + Oxygen + Phenylethylamine > Hydrogen ion + Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonia + Phenylacetaldehyde
Hydrogen peroxide > Water + Oxygen
Hydrogen peroxide + Glutathione > Glutathione disulfide + Water
Oxygen + L-Aspartic acid > Hydrogen ion + Hydrogen peroxide + Iminoaspartic acid
L-Malic acid + Oxygen <> Oxalacetic acid + Hydrogen peroxide
a phenolic donor + Hydrogen peroxide a phenoxyl radical of a phenolic donor + Water
Oxygen + Water + Pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate > Hydrogen ion + Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonia + Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
Protoporphyrinogen IX + Oxygen > Protoporphyrin IX + Hydrogen peroxide
a reduced electron acceptor + Hydrogen peroxide > an oxidized electron acceptor + Water
Hydrogen peroxide > Water + Oxygen
Ascorbic acid + Hydrogen peroxide + Hydrogen ion > Ascorbic acid + L-dehydro-ascorbate + Water
a primary amine + Water + Oxygen > an aldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid + Oxygen > Oxoglutaric acid + Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen ion + Superoxide anion > Hydrogen peroxide + Oxygen
RCH(2)NH(2) + Water + Oxygen > RCHO + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
Phenylethylamine + Water + Oxygen > Phenylacetaldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
2 Hydrogen peroxide > Oxygen +2 Water
2 Iron + Hydrogen peroxide + 2 Hydrogen ion >2 Fe3+ +2 Water
Donor + Hydrogen peroxide > oxidized donor +2 Water
(S)-2-hydroxy acid + Oxygen > 2-oxo acid + Hydrogen peroxide
N-methyl-L-tryptophan + Water + Oxygen > L-Tryptophan + Formaldehyde + Hydrogen peroxide
L-Aspartic acid + Oxygen > Iminoaspartic acid + Hydrogen peroxide
Pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + Water + Oxygen > Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
gamma-Glutamyl-L-putrescine + Water + Oxygen > Gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyraldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
2 superoxide + 2 Hydrogen ion > Oxygen + Hydrogen peroxide
2 Ferrocytochrome c + Hydrogen peroxide >2 Ferricytochrome c +2 Water
2 Hydrogen ion + 2 superoxide <> Oxygen + Hydrogen peroxide
Reduced acceptor + Hydrogen peroxide <> Acceptor + Water + Oxygen
Primary amine + Water + Oxygen <> Aldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
Pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + Water + Oxygen + Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate <> Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
(S)-2-Hydroxyacid + Oxygen <> 2-Oxo acid + Hydrogen peroxide
Ferrocytochrome c + Hydrogen peroxide <> Ferricytochrome c + Water
Protoporphyrinogen IX + 3 Oxygen <> Protoporphyrin IX +3 Hydrogen peroxide
L-Aspartic acid + Water + Oxygen + L-Aspartic acid > Oxalacetic acid + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
L-Aspartic acid + Oxygen + L-Aspartic acid > Hydrogen peroxide + Hydrogen ion + Iminoaspartic acid
gamma-Glutamyl-L-putrescine + Oxygen + Water > 4-(γ-glutamylamino)butanal + Ammonium + Hydrogen peroxide
Protoporphyrinogen IX + 3 Oxygen > Protoporphyrin IX +3 Hydrogen peroxide
ferroheme b + Hydrogen peroxide > Heme D
gamma-Glutamyl-L-putrescine + Oxygen + Hydrogen ion > gamma-Glutamyl-gamma-butyraldehyde + Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium
Aminoacetone + Oxygen + Water > Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium + Pyruvaldehyde
L-Aspartic acid + Oxygen <> Hydrogen ion + Hydrogen peroxide + Iminoaspartic acid
Oxygen + Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate > Hydrogen peroxide + Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
2 Hydrogen peroxide <>2 Water + Oxygen
gamma-Glutamyl-L-putrescine + Water + Oxygen <> gamma-Glutamyl-gamma-butyraldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide
2 Hydrogen ion + 2 superoxide <> Oxygen + Hydrogen peroxide
Glycolic acid + Oxygen <> Glyoxylic acid + Hydrogen peroxide
L-Aspartic acid + Oxygen <> Hydrogen ion + Hydrogen peroxide + Iminoaspartic acid
Oxygen + Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate > Hydrogen peroxide + Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
2 Hydrogen ion + 2 superoxide <> Oxygen + Hydrogen peroxide
Glycolic acid + Oxygen <> Glyoxylic acid + Hydrogen peroxide
Glycolic acid + Oxygen <> Glyoxylic acid + Hydrogen peroxide
More...

SMPDB Pathways:
Arachidonic acid metabolismPW000759 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Ascorbate metabolismPW000793 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Aspartate metabolismPW000787 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Glutathione metabolismPW000833 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
L-threonine degradation to methylglyoxalPW002106 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
NAD biosynthesisPW000829 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Phenylalanine metabolismPW000921 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Phenylethylamine metabolismPW002027 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Porphyrin metabolismPW000936 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Putrescine Degradation IIPW002054 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Superoxide Radicals DegradationPW002053 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Tryptophan metabolismPW000815 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Vitamin B6 1430936196PW000891 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
arginine metabolismPW000790 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
beta-Alanine metabolismPW000896 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
ornithine metabolismPW000791 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
KEGG Pathways:
EcoCyc Pathways:
Concentrations
ConcentrationStrainMediaGrowth StatusGrowth SystemTemperatureDetails
0.25± 0.03 uMAB1157/K12Luria-Bertani BrothMid-Log PhaseShake flask37 oCPMID: 8990289
0.18± 0.02 uMAB1157/K12Luria-Bertani BrothStationary PhaseShake flask37 oCPMID: 8990289
Find out more about how we convert literature concentrations.
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-001i-9000000000-4749d46780bc552fb9afView in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-50a90bb1548c24e83fbeView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-50a90bb1548c24e83fbeView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-50a90bb1548c24e83fbeView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-001i-9000000000-a9a93dd42f2cfa0b34c4View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-001i-9000000000-a9a93dd42f2cfa0b34c4View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-001i-9000000000-a9a93dd42f2cfa0b34c4View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-001i-9000000000-d77c0031598ec85f7286View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-001i-9000000000-d77c0031598ec85f7286View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-001i-9000000000-d77c0031598ec85f7286View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-86b45185e1deeaca15e1View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-86b45185e1deeaca15e1View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-86b45185e1deeaca15e1View in MoNA
References
References:
  • Ardanaz N, Pagano PJ: Hydrogen peroxide as a paracrine vascular mediator: regulation and signaling leading to dysfunction. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2006 Mar;231(3):237-51. Pubmed: 16514169
  • Gonzalez-Flecha, B., Demple, B. (1997). "Homeostatic regulation of intracellular hydrogen peroxide concentration in aerobically growing Escherichia coli." J Bacteriol 179:382-388. Pubmed: 8990289
  • Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590. Pubmed: 21097882
  • Lopez-Lazaro M: Dual role of hydrogen peroxide in cancer: possible relevance to cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Cancer Lett. 2007 Jul 8;252(1):1-8. Epub 2006 Dec 5. Pubmed: 17150302
  • Schallreuter KU, Elwary S: Hydrogen peroxide regulates the cholinergic signal in a concentration dependent manner. Life Sci. 2007 May 30;80(24-25):2221-6. Epub 2007 Jan 25. Pubmed: 17335854
  • Stone JR, Yang S: Hydrogen peroxide: a signaling messenger. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2006 Mar-Apr;8(3-4):243-70. Pubmed: 16677071
  • Tredwin CJ, Naik S, Lewis NJ, Scully C: Hydrogen peroxide tooth-whitening (bleaching) products: review of adverse effects and safety issues. Br Dent J. 2006 Apr 8;200(7):371-6. Pubmed: 16607324
Synthesis Reference:Not Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID16240
HMDB IDHMDB03125
Pubchem Compound ID784
Kegg IDC00027
ChemSpider ID763
WikipediaHydrogen_peroxide
BioCyc IDHYDROGEN-PEROXIDE
EcoCyc IDHYDROGEN-PEROXIDE
Ligand ExpoPER

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in superoxide dismutase activity
Specific function:
Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems
Gene Name:
sodA
Uniprot ID:
P00448
Molecular weight:
23097
Reactions
2 superoxide + 2 H(+) = O(2) + H(2)O(2).
General function:
Involved in glutathione peroxidase activity
Specific function:
Not essential for B12 transport; however, it is an auxiliary component of the transport system
Gene Name:
btuE
Uniprot ID:
P06610
Molecular weight:
20469
General function:
Involved in FMN binding
Specific function:
Catalyzes the 6-electron oxidation of protoporphyrinogen-IX to form protoporphyrin-IX. Does not use oxygen directly. Is coupled to the respiratory chain
Gene Name:
hemG
Uniprot ID:
P0ACB4
Molecular weight:
21226
Reactions
Protoporphyrinogen IX + 3 menaquinone = protoporphyrin IX + 3 menaquinol.
General function:
Involved in antioxidant activity
Specific function:
2 R'-SH + ROOH = R'-S-S-R' + H(2)O + ROH
Gene Name:
bcp
Uniprot ID:
P0AE52
Molecular weight:
17634
Reactions
2 R'-SH + ROOH = R'-S-S-R' + H(2)O + ROH.
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Specific function unknown
Gene Name:
glcD
Uniprot ID:
P0AEP9
Molecular weight:
53811
General function:
Involved in superoxide metabolic process
Specific function:
Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems
Gene Name:
sodC
Uniprot ID:
P0AGD1
Molecular weight:
17681
Reactions
2 superoxide + 2 H(+) = O(2) + H(2)O(2).
General function:
Involved in superoxide dismutase activity
Specific function:
Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems
Gene Name:
sodB
Uniprot ID:
P0AGD3
Molecular weight:
21266
Reactions
2 superoxide + 2 H(+) = O(2) + H(2)O(2).
General function:
Involved in electron carrier activity
Specific function:
Efficient electron donor for the essential enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. Is also able to reduce the interchain disulfide bridges of insulin
Gene Name:
trxC
Uniprot ID:
P0AGG4
Molecular weight:
15555
Reactions
Protein dithiol + NAD(P)(+) = protein disulfide + NAD(P)H.
General function:
Involved in electron carrier activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the oxidation of L-aspartate to iminoaspartate
Gene Name:
nadB
Uniprot ID:
P10902
Molecular weight:
60337
Reactions
L-aspartate + O(2) = iminosuccinate + H(2)O(2).
General function:
Involved in catalase activity
Specific function:
Bifunctional enzyme with both catalase and broad- spectrum peroxidase activity. Displays also NADH oxidase, INH lyase and isonicotinoyl-NAD synthase activity
Gene Name:
katG
Uniprot ID:
P13029
Molecular weight:
80023
Reactions
Donor + H(2)O(2) = oxidized donor + 2 H(2)O.
2 H(2)O(2) = O(2) + 2 H(2)O.
General function:
Involved in catalase activity
Specific function:
Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen; serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide
Gene Name:
katE
Uniprot ID:
P21179
Molecular weight:
84162
Reactions
2 H(2)O(2) = O(2) + 2 H(2)O.
General function:
Involved in adenine deaminase activity
Specific function:
Adenine + H(2)O = hypoxanthine + NH(3)
Gene Name:
ade
Uniprot ID:
P31441
Molecular weight:
63739
Reactions
Adenine + H(2)O = hypoxanthine + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in malate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
Specific function:
(S)-malate + a quinone = oxaloacetate + reduced quinone
Gene Name:
mqo
Uniprot ID:
P33940
Molecular weight:
60229
Reactions
(S)-malate + a quinone = oxaloacetate + reduced quinone.
General function:
Involved in electron carrier activity
Specific function:
2 ferrocytochrome c + H(2)O(2) = 2 ferricytochrome c + 2 H(2)O
Gene Name:
yhjA
Uniprot ID:
P37197
Molecular weight:
51570
Reactions
2 ferrocytochrome c + H(2)O(2) = 2 ferricytochrome c + 2 H(2)O.
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Involved in the breakdown of putrescine via the oxidation of L-glutamylputrescine
Gene Name:
puuB
Uniprot ID:
P37906
Molecular weight:
47169
Reactions
Gamma-glutamylputrescine + H(2)O + O(2) = Gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyraldehyde + NH(3) + H(2)O(2).
General function:
Involved in copper ion binding
Specific function:
The enzyme prefers aromatic over aliphatic amines
Gene Name:
tynA
Uniprot ID:
P46883
Molecular weight:
84378
Reactions
RCH(2)NH(2) + H(2)O + O(2) = RCHO + NH(3) + H(2)O(2).
2-phenylethylamine + H(2)O + O(2) = phenylacetaldehyde + NH(3) + H(2)O(2).
General function:
Involved in iron-sulfur cluster binding
Specific function:
Specific function unknown
Gene Name:
glcF
Uniprot ID:
P52074
Molecular weight:
45110
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Specific function unknown
Gene Name:
glcE
Uniprot ID:
P52073
Molecular weight:
38361
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the oxidative demethylation of N-methyl-L- tryptophan. Can also use other N-methyl amino acids, including sarcosine, which, however, is a poor substrate
Gene Name:
solA
Uniprot ID:
P40874
Molecular weight:
40902
Reactions
N-methyl-L-tryptophan + H(2)O + O(2) = L-tryptophan + formaldehyde + H(2)O(2).
General function:
Involved in electron carrier activity
Specific function:
Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions
Gene Name:
trxA
Uniprot ID:
P0AA25
Molecular weight:
11807
General function:
Coenzyme transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Catalyzes the oxidation of either pyridoxine 5'- phosphate (PNP) or pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP) into pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)
Gene Name:
pdxH
Uniprot ID:
P0AFI7
Molecular weight:
25545
Reactions
Pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + H(2)O + O(2) = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + NH(3) + H(2)O(2).
Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate + O(2) = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + H(2)O(2).

Transporters

General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Non-specific porin
Gene Name:
ompN
Uniprot ID:
P77747
Molecular weight:
41220
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Uptake of inorganic phosphate, phosphorylated compounds, and some other negatively charged solutes
Gene Name:
phoE
Uniprot ID:
P02932
Molecular weight:
38922
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
OmpF is a porin that forms passive diffusion pores which allow small molecular weight hydrophilic materials across the outer membrane. It is also a receptor for the bacteriophage T2
Gene Name:
ompF
Uniprot ID:
P02931
Molecular weight:
39333
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Forms passive diffusion pores which allow small molecular weight hydrophilic materials across the outer membrane
Gene Name:
ompC
Uniprot ID:
P06996
Molecular weight:
40368