2.0 2012-05-31 14:49:06 -0600 2015-06-03 17:20:09 -0600 ECMDB20527 M2MDB001335 Heptosyl2-KDO2-lipid A Heptosyl2-kdo2-lipid A is a component of lipopolysaccharide. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) typically consist of a hydrophobic domain inserted into the outer membrane known as lipid A (or endotoxin), a phosphorylated "core" oligosaccharide and a distal polysaccharide (or O antigen). The core oligosaccharides are conceptually divided into two regions: inner core and outer core. The inner core is highly conserved, comprises three deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO) and L-glycero-D-manno-heptose (Hep) and is often phosphorylated. The inner core oligosaccharide plays a critical role in essential barrier function of the outer membrane. The outer core comprises a tri-hexose backbone modified with varying side-branch substitutions of hexose and acetamidohexose residues. The outer core provides an attachment site for O-antigen. The completed lipid A-KDO2 serves as the acceptor on which the core oligosaccharide chains are assembled by sequential glycosyl transfer from nucleotide sugar precursors. This process involves a co-ordinated complex of membrane-associated glycosyltransferases acting at the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane. (heptosyl)2-(KDO)2-lipid A Heptosyl-heptosyl-kdo2-lipidA Heptosyl2-KDO2-lipid A C124H228N2O51P2 2625.0674 2623.478424052 (2R,4R,5R,6R)-4-{[6-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-2-(dihydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-5-{[(3S,4S,5R)-6-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-{[(3S,4S,5S)-6-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-5-{[(3R)-1,3-dihydroxytetradecylidene]amino}-3-hydroxy-4-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]oxy}-6-(phosphonooxy)oxan-2-yl]methoxy}-5-{[(3R)-3-(dodecanoyloxy)-1-hydroxytetradecylidene]amino}-3-(phosphonooxy)-4-{[(3R)-3-(tetradecanoyloxy)tetradecanoyl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]methoxy}oxane-2-carboxylic acid (2R,4R,5R,6R)-4-{[6-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-2-(dihydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-5-{[(3S,4S,5R)-6-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-{[(3S,4S,5S)-6-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-5-{[(3R)-1,3-dihydroxytetradecylidene]amino}-3-hydroxy-4-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]oxy}-6-(phosphonooxy)oxan-2-yl]methoxy}-5-{[(3R)-3-(dodecanoyloxy)-1-hydroxytetradecylidene]amino}-3-(phosphonooxy)-4-{[(3R)-3-(tetradecanoyloxy)tetradecanoyl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]methoxy}oxane-2-carboxylic acid [H][C@@](O)(CCCCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)O[C@@]1([H])[C@]([H])(O)[C@@]([H])(CO[C@]2([H])O[C@]([H])(CO[C@@]3(C[C@@]([H])(OC4(CC([H])(O)C([H])(O)C([H])(O4)C([H])(O)CO)C(O)O)[C@@]([H])(OC4([H])OC([H])([C@@]([H])(O)CO)[C@@]([H])(O)[C@]([H])(OC5([H])OC([H])([C@@]([H])(O)CO)[C@@]([H])(O)[C@]([H])(O)[C@]5([H])O)[C@]4([H])O)[C@]([H])(O3)[C@]([H])(O)CO)C(O)=O)[C@@]([H])(OP(O)(O)=O)[C@]([H])(OC(=O)C[C@@]([H])(CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC)[C@@]2([H])N=C(O)C[C@@]([H])(CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC)O[C@]([H])(OP(O)(O)=O)[C@]1([H])N=C(O)C[C@]([H])(O)CCCCCCCCCCC InChI=1S/C124H228N2O51P2/c1-7-13-19-25-31-37-38-44-50-56-62-68-96(141)164-84(66-60-54-48-42-35-29-23-17-11-5)72-98(143)168-115-100(126-94(139)71-83(65-59-53-47-41-34-28-22-16-10-4)163-95(140)67-61-55-49-43-36-30-24-18-12-6)117(161-79-91-102(145)114(167-97(142)70-82(132)64-58-52-46-40-33-27-21-15-9-3)99(118(165-91)177-179(158,159)160)125-93(138)69-81(131)63-57-51-45-39-32-26-20-14-8-2)166-92(113(115)176-178(155,156)157)80-162-123(121(151)152)74-90(173-124(122(153)154)73-85(133)101(144)110(174-124)88(136)77-129)112(111(175-123)89(137)78-130)171-120-107(150)116(106(149)109(170-120)87(135)76-128)172-119-105(148)103(146)104(147)108(169-119)86(134)75-127/h81-92,99-120,122,127-137,144-150,153-154H,7-80H2,1-6H3,(H,125,138)(H,126,139)(H,151,152)(H2,155,156,157)(H2,158,159,160)/t81-,82-,83-,84-,85?,86+,87+,88?,89-,90-,91-,92-,99-,100-,101?,102-,103+,104+,105+,106-,107+,108?,109?,110?,111-,112-,113-,114-,115-,116+,117-,118-,119?,120?,123-,124?/m1/s1 MVLFKXQHQYOOOH-JMRRDJIDSA-N Cytosol Membrane logp 3.30 ALOGPS logs -4.16 ALOGPS solubility 1.80e-01 g/l ALOGPS logp 17 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 0.55 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -4.7 ChemAxon iupac (2R,4R,5R,6R)-4-{[6-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)-2-(dihydroxymethyl)-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-6-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-5-{[(3S,4S,5R)-6-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-{[(3S,4S,5S)-6-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy}-2-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-5-{[(3R)-1,3-dihydroxytetradecylidene]amino}-3-hydroxy-4-{[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]oxy}-6-(phosphonooxy)oxan-2-yl]methoxy}-5-{[(3R)-3-(dodecanoyloxy)-1-hydroxytetradecylidene]amino}-3-(phosphonooxy)-4-{[(3R)-3-(tetradecanoyloxy)tetradecanoyl]oxy}oxan-2-yl]methoxy}oxane-2-carboxylic acid ChemAxon average_mass 2625.0674 ChemAxon mono_mass 2623.478424052 ChemAxon smiles [H][C@@](O)(CCCCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)O[C@@]1([H])[C@]([H])(O)[C@@]([H])(CO[C@]2([H])O[C@]([H])(CO[C@@]3(C[C@@]([H])(OC4(CC([H])(O)C([H])(O)C([H])(O4)C([H])(O)CO)C(O)O)[C@@]([H])(OC4([H])OC([H])([C@@]([H])(O)CO)[C@@]([H])(O)[C@]([H])(OC5([H])OC([H])([C@@]([H])(O)CO)[C@@]([H])(O)[C@]([H])(O)[C@]5([H])O)[C@]4([H])O)[C@]([H])(O3)[C@]([H])(O)CO)C(O)=O)[C@@]([H])(OP(O)(O)=O)[C@]([H])(OC(=O)C[C@@]([H])(CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC)[C@@]2([H])N=C(O)C[C@@]([H])(CCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC)O[C@]([H])(OP(O)(O)=O)[C@]1([H])N=C(O)C[C@]([H])(O)CCCCCCCCCCC ChemAxon formula C124H228N2O51P2 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C124H228N2O51P2/c1-7-13-19-25-31-37-38-44-50-56-62-68-96(141)164-84(66-60-54-48-42-35-29-23-17-11-5)72-98(143)168-115-100(126-94(139)71-83(65-59-53-47-41-34-28-22-16-10-4)163-95(140)67-61-55-49-43-36-30-24-18-12-6)117(161-79-91-102(145)114(167-97(142)70-82(132)64-58-52-46-40-33-27-21-15-9-3)99(118(165-91)177-179(158,159)160)125-93(138)69-81(131)63-57-51-45-39-32-26-20-14-8-2)166-92(113(115)176-178(155,156)157)80-162-123(121(151)152)74-90(173-124(122(153)154)73-85(133)101(144)110(174-124)88(136)77-129)112(111(175-123)89(137)78-130)171-120-107(150)116(106(149)109(170-120)87(135)76-128)172-119-105(148)103(146)104(147)108(169-119)86(134)75-127/h81-92,99-120,122,127-137,144-150,153-154H,7-80H2,1-6H3,(H,125,138)(H,126,139)(H,151,152)(H2,155,156,157)(H2,158,159,160)/t81-,82-,83-,84-,85?,86+,87+,88?,89-,90-,91-,92-,99-,100-,101?,102-,103+,104+,105+,106-,107+,108?,109?,110?,111-,112-,113-,114-,115-,116+,117-,118-,119?,120?,123-,124?/m1/s1 ChemAxon inchikey MVLFKXQHQYOOOH-JMRRDJIDSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 847.33 ChemAxon refractivity 642.48 ChemAxon polarizability 290.97 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 106 ChemAxon acceptor_count 47 ChemAxon donor_count 27 ChemAxon physiological_charge -4 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis E. coli lipid A is synthesized on the cytoplasmic surface of the inner membrane. The pathway can start from the fructose 6-phosphate that is either produced in the glycolysis and pyruvate dehydrogenase or be obtained from the interaction with D-fructose interacting with a mannose PTS permease. Fructose 6-phosphate interacts with L-glutamine through a D-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase resulting into a L-glutamic acid and a glucosamine 6-phosphate. The latter compound is isomerized through a phosphoglucosamine mutase resulting a glucosamine 1-phosphate. This compound is acetylated, interacting with acetyl-CoA through a bifunctional protein glmU resulting in a Coenzyme A, hydrogen ion and N-acetyl-glucosamine 1-phosphate. This compound interact with UTP and hydrogen ion through the bifunctional protein glmU resulting in a pyrophosphate and a UDP-N-acetylglucosamine. This compound interacts with (3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl-[acp] through an UDP-N-acetylglucosamine acyltransferase resulting in a holo-[acp] and a UDP-3-O[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine. This compound interacts with water through UDP-3-O-acyl-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase resulting in an acetic acid and UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-α-D-glucosamine. The latter compound interacts with (3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl-[acp] through UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-glucosamine N-acyltransferase releasing a hydrogen ion, a holo-acp and UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine. The latter compound is hydrolase by interacting with water and a UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine hydrolase resulting in UMP, hydrogen ion and 2,3-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxymyristoyl]-α-D-glucosaminyl 1-phosphate. This last compound then interacts with a UDP-2-N,3-O-bis[(3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl]-α-D-glucosamine through a lipid A disaccharide synthase resulting in a release of UDP, hydrogen ion and a lipid A disaccharide. The lipid A disaccharide is phosphorylated by an ATP mediated tetraacyldisaccharide 4'-kinase resulting in the release of hydrogen ion and lipid IVA. A D-ribulose 5-phosphate is isomerized with D-arabinose 5-phosphate isomerase 2 to result in a D-arabinose 5-phosphate. This compounds interacts with water and phosphoenolpyruvic acid through a 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate synthase resulting in the release of phosphate and 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate. This compound interacts with water through a 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate phosphatase thus releasing a phosphate and a 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate. The latter compound interacts with CTP through a 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase resulting in a pyrophosphate and CMP-3-deoxy-α-D-manno-octulosonate. CMP-3-deoxy-α-D-manno-octulosonate and lipid IVA interact with each other through a KDO transferase resulting in CMP, hydrogen ion and alpha-Kdo-(2-->6)-lipid IVA. The latter compound reacts with CMP-3-deoxy-α-D-manno-octulosonate through a KDO transferase resulting in a CMP, hydrogen ion, and a a-Kdo-(2->4)-a-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IVA. The latter compound interacts with a dodecanoyl-[acp] lauroyl acyltransferase resulting in a holo-[acp] and a (KDO)2-(lauroyl)-lipid IVA. The latter compound reacts with a myristoyl-[acp] through a myristoyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP)-dependent acyltransferase resulting in a holo-[acp], (KDO)2-lipid A. The latter compound reacts with ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose through ADP-heptose:LPS heptosyltransferase I resulting hydrogen ion, ADP, heptosyl-KDO2-lipid A. The latter compound interacts with ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose through ADP-heptose:LPS heptosyltransferase II resulting in ADP, hydrogen ion and (heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A. The latter compound UDP-glucose interacts with (heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A resulting in UDP, hydrogen ion and glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A. Glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A (Escherichia coli) is phosphorylated through an ATP-mediated lipopolysaccharide core heptose (I) kinase resulting in ADP, hydrogen ion and glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-Kdo2-lipid A-phosphate. The latter compound interacts with ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose through a lipopolysaccharide core heptosyl transferase III resulting in ADP, hydrogen ion, and glucosyl-(heptosyl)3-Kdo2-lipid A-phosphate. The latter compound is phosphorylated through an ATP-driven lipopolysaccharide core heptose (II) kinase resulting in ADP, hydrogen ion and glucosyl-(heptosyl)3-Kdo2-lipid A-bisphosphate. The latter compound interacts with UDP-alpha-D-galactose through a UDP-D-galactose:(glucosyl)lipopolysaccharide-1,6-D-galactosyltransferase resulting in a UDP, a hydrogen ion and a galactosyl-glucosyl-(heptosyl)3-Kdo2-lipid A-bisphosphate. The latter compound interacts with UDP-glucose through a (glucosyl)LPS α-1,3-glucosyltransferase resulting in a hydrogen ion, a UDP and galactosyl-(glucosyl)2-(heptosyl)3-Kdo2-lipid A-bisphosphate. This compound then interacts with UDP-glucose through a UDP-glucose:(glucosyl)LPS α-1,2-glucosyltransferase resulting in UDP, a hydrogen ion and galactosyl-(glucosyl)3-(heptosyl)3-Kdo2-lipid A-bisphosphate. This compound then interacts with ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose through a lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis; heptosyl transferase IV; probably hexose transferase resulting in a Lipid A-core. A lipid A-core is then exported into the periplasmic space by a lipopolysaccharide ABC transporter. The lipid A-core is then flipped to the outer surface of the inner membrane by the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, MsbA. An additional integral membrane protein, YhjD, has recently been implicated in LPS export across the IM. The smallest LPS derivative that supports viability in E. coli is lipid IVA. However, it requires mutations in either MsbA or YhjD, to suppress the normally lethal consequence of an incomplete lipid A . Recent studies with deletion mutants implicate the periplasmic protein LptA, the cytosolic protein LptB, and the IM proteins LptC, LptF, and LptG in the subsequent transport of nascent LPS to the outer membrane (OM), where the LptD/LptE complex flips LPS to the outer surface. PW000831 ec00540 Metabolic Lipid A-core biosynthesis LIPA-CORESYN-PWY superpathway of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis LPSSYN-PWY Specdb::MsMs 3642270 Specdb::MsMs 3642271 Specdb::MsMs 3642272 Specdb::MsMs 3642273 Specdb::MsMs 3642274 Specdb::MsMs 3642275 25202915 CPD0-930 Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590. 21097882 Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114. 22080510 Lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis protein rfaG P25740 RFAG_ECOLI rfaG http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P25740.xml ADP-heptose--LPS heptosyltransferase 2 P37692 RFAF_ECOLI rfaF http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P37692.xml Heptosyl-KDO2-lipid A + ADP-L-Glycero-D-manno-heptose > Hydrogen ion + Heptosyl2-KDO2-lipid A + ADP RXN0-5061 UDP-Glucose + Heptosyl2-KDO2-lipid A > Hydrogen ion + Glucosyl-heptosyl2-KDO2-lipid A + Uridine 5'-diphosphate RXN0-5120