<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>2.0</version>
  <creation_date>2012-05-31 13:55:35 -0600</creation_date>
  <update_date>2015-10-23 17:32:54 -0600</update_date>
  <accession>ECMDB02086</accession>
  <m2m_id>M2MDB000439</m2m_id>
  <name>Adenosylcobalamin</name>
  <description>Adenosylcobalamin is one of two metabolically active forms of vitamin B12. it acts as a coenzyme in the reaction catalyzed by methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. A cobalamin (cbl) derivative in which the substituent is deoxyadenosyl. (E.C. 5.4.99.2).</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>(5'-Deoxy-5'-adenosyl)cobamide coenzyme</synonym>
    <synonym>(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolyl)cobamide coenzyme</synonym>
    <synonym>5'-Deoxy-5'-adenosyl vitamin B12</synonym>
    <synonym>5'-Deoxy-5'-adenosylcobalamin</synonym>
    <synonym>5'-Deoxyadenosyl vitamin B12</synonym>
    <synonym>5'-Deoxyadenosyl-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolylcobamide</synonym>
    <synonym>5'-Deoxyadenosylcobalamin</synonym>
    <synonym>5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazolyl-5-deoxyadenosyl-cobamide</synonym>
    <synonym>5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazolyl-Co-5'-deoxyadenosylcobamide</synonym>
    <synonym>Adenosylcobalamin</synonym>
    <synonym>Adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate</synonym>
    <synonym>Adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphoric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Calomide</synonym>
    <synonym>CoB12</synonym>
    <synonym>Cobalamin coenzyme</synonym>
    <synonym>Cobamamid</synonym>
    <synonym>Cobamamide</synonym>
    <synonym>Cobamamide 5'-phosphate</synonym>
    <synonym>Cobamamide 5'-phosphoric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Cobamide coenzyme</synonym>
    <synonym>Coenzyme B12</synonym>
    <synonym>Deoxyadenosylcobalamin</synonym>
    <synonym>Dibencozide</synonym>
    <synonym>Funacomide</synonym>
    <synonym>Vitamin B12</synonym>
    <synonym>Vitamin B12 coenzyme</synonym>
    <synonym>Vitamin B12 coenzymes</synonym>
    <synonym>Vitamin B&lt;sub&gt;12&lt;/sub&gt;</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C72H101CoN18O17P</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>1580.5897</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>1579.666170602</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>{[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl}[(2R,3S,4S,8S,9S,14S,18R,19R)-4,9,14-tris(2-carbamoylethyl)-3,8,19-tris(carbamoylmethyl)-18-(2-{[(2R)-2-[({[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-5-(5,6-dimethyl-1H-1,3-benzodiazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]propyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)-2,3,6,8,13,13,16,18-octamethyl-20,21,22,23-tetraazapentacyclo[15.2.1.1²,⁵.1⁷,¹⁰.1¹²,¹⁵]tricosa-5(23),6,10(22),11,15(21),16-hexaen-20-yl]cobaltylium</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>{[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl}[(2R,3S,4S,8S,9S,14S,18R,19R)-4,9,14-tris(2-carbamoylethyl)-3,8,19-tris(carbamoylmethyl)-18-(2-{[(2R)-2-({[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-5-(5,6-dimethyl-1,3-benzodiazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl}oxy)propyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)-2,3,6,8,13,13,16,18-octamethyl-20,21,22,23-tetraazapentacyclo[15.2.1.1²,⁵.1⁷,¹⁰.1¹²,¹⁵]tricosa-5(23),6,10(22),11,15(21),16-hexaen-20-yl]cobaltylium</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>13870-90-1</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>OC[C@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(=O)O[C@H](C)CNC(=O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C2N([Co+]C[C@H]3O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]3O)N3C=NC4=C3N=CN=C4N)\C1=C(C)/C1=N/C(=C\C3=N\C(=C(C)/C4=N[C@]2(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]4CCC(N)=O)\[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]3CCC(N)=O)/C(C)(C)[C@@H]1CCC(N)=O)N1C=NC2=C1C=C(C)C(C)=C2</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C62H90N13O14P.C10H12N5O3.Co/c1-29-20-39-40(21-30(29)2)75(28-70-39)57-52(84)53(41(27-76)87-57)89-90(85,86)88-31(3)26-69-49(83)18-19-59(8)37(22-46(66)80)56-62(11)61(10,25-48(68)82)36(14-17-45(65)79)51(74-62)33(5)55-60(9,24-47(67)81)34(12-15-43(63)77)38(71-55)23-42-58(6,7)35(13-16-44(64)78)50(72-42)32(4)54(59)73-56;1-4-6(16)7(17)10(18-4)15-3-14-5-8(11)12-2-13-9(5)15;/h20-21,23,28,31,34-37,41,52-53,56-57,76,84H,12-19,22,24-27H2,1-11H3,(H15,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,71,72,73,74,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,85,86);2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13);/q;;+2/p-1/t31-,34-,35-,36-,37+,41-,52-,53-,56?,57+,59-,60+,61+,62+;4-,6-,7-,10-;/m11./s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>ZIHHMGTYZOSFRC-QRVZQHAISA-M</inchikey>
  <state>Solid</state>
  <cellular_locations>
    <cellular_location>Cytosol</cellular_location>
    <cellular_location>Extra-organism</cellular_location>
    <cellular_location>Membrane</cellular_location>
    <cellular_location>Periplasm</cellular_location>
  </cellular_locations>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>2.10</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-4.80</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>2.56e-02 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>-5.9</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>1.82</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>8.76</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>{[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl}[(2R,3S,4S,8S,9S,14S,18R,19R)-4,9,14-tris(2-carbamoylethyl)-3,8,19-tris(carbamoylmethyl)-18-(2-{[(2R)-2-[({[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-5-(5,6-dimethyl-1H-1,3-benzodiazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]propyl]carbamoyl}ethyl)-2,3,6,8,13,13,16,18-octamethyl-20,21,22,23-tetraazapentacyclo[15.2.1.1²,⁵.1⁷,¹⁰.1¹²,¹⁵]tricosa-5(23),6,10(22),11,15(21),16-hexaen-20-yl]cobaltylium</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>1580.5897</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>1579.666170602</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>OC[C@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(=O)O[C@H](C)CNC(=O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C2N([Co+]C[C@H]3O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]3O)N3C=NC4=C3N=CN=C4N)\C1=C(C)/C1=N/C(=C\C3=N\C(=C(C)/C4=N[C@]2(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]4CCC(N)=O)\[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]3CCC(N)=O)/C(C)(C)[C@@H]1CCC(N)=O)N1C=NC2=C1C=C(C)C(C)=C2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C72H101CoN18O17P</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C62H90N13O14P.C10H12N5O3.Co/c1-29-20-39-40(21-30(29)2)75(28-70-39)57-52(84)53(41(27-76)87-57)89-90(85,86)88-31(3)26-69-49(83)18-19-59(8)37(22-46(66)80)56-62(11)61(10,25-48(68)82)36(14-17-45(65)79)51(74-62)33(5)55-60(9,24-47(67)81)34(12-15-43(63)77)38(71-55)23-42-58(6,7)35(13-16-44(64)78)50(72-42)32(4)54(59)73-56;1-4-6(16)7(17)10(18-4)15-3-14-5-8(11)12-2-13-9(5)15;/h20-21,23,28,31,34-37,41,52-53,56-57,76,84H,12-19,22,24-27H2,1-11H3,(H15,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,71,72,73,74,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,85,86);2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13);/q;;+2/p-1/t31-,34-,35-,36-,37+,41-,52-,53-,56?,57+,59-,60+,61+,62+;4-,6-,7-,10-;/m11./s1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>ZIHHMGTYZOSFRC-QRVZQHAISA-M</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>570.54</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>392.44</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>160.65</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>30</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>24</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>13</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism</name>
      <description/>
      <pathwhiz_id/>
      <kegg_map_id>ec00860</kegg_map_id>
      <subject/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Metabolic pathways</name>
      <description/>
      <pathwhiz_id/>
      <kegg_map_id>eco01100</kegg_map_id>
      <subject/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>adenosylcobalamin salvage from cobinamide I</name>
      <ecocyc_pathway_id>COBALSYN-PWY-1</ecocyc_pathway_id>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB02086</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>6436143</pubchem_compound_id>
  <chemspider_id/>
  <kegg_id>C00194</kegg_id>
  <chebi_id>18408</chebi_id>
  <biocyc_id>ADENOSYLCOBALAMIN</biocyc_id>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia>Adenosylcobalamin</wikipidia>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>21097882</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>22080510</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>van der Werf, M. J., Overkamp, K. M., Muilwijk, B., Coulier, L., Hankemeier, T. (2007). "Microbial metabolomics: toward a platform with full metabolome coverage." Anal Biochem 370:17-25.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>17765195</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Winder, C. L., Dunn, W. B., Schuler, S., Broadhurst, D., Jarvis, R., Stephens, G. M., Goodacre, R. (2008). "Global metabolic profiling of Escherichia coli cultures: an evaluation of methods for quenching and extraction of intracellular metabolites." Anal Chem 80:2939-2948.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>18331064</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <synthesis_reference/>
  <msds_url>http://hmdb.ca/system/metabolites/msds/000/001/669/original/HMDB02086.pdf?1358462453</msds_url>
  <enzymes>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Vitamin B12 import ATP-binding protein BtuD</name>
      <uniprot_id>P06611</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>BTUD_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>btuD</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P06611.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Cob(I)yrinic acid a,c-diamide adenosyltransferase</name>
      <uniprot_id>P0A9H5</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>BTUR_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>btuR</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0A9H5.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Cobalamin synthase</name>
      <uniprot_id>P36561</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>COBS_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>cobS</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P36561.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Alpha-ribazole phosphatase</name>
      <uniprot_id>P52086</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>COBC_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>cobC</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P52086.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Ethanolamine utilization cobalamin adenosyltransferase</name>
      <uniprot_id>P65643</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>EUTT_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>eutT</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P65643.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Vitamin B12 import system permease protein BtuC</name>
      <uniprot_id>P06609</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>BTUC_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>btuC</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P06609.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Vitamin B12-binding protein</name>
      <uniprot_id>P37028</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>BTUF_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>btuF</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P37028.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
  </enzymes>
  <transporters>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Vitamin B12 import ATP-binding protein BtuD</name>
      <uniprot_id>P06611</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>BTUD_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>btuD</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P06611.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Vitamin B12 transporter BtuB</name>
      <uniprot_id>P06129</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>BTUB_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>btuB</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P06129.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Vitamin B12 import system permease protein BtuC</name>
      <uniprot_id>P06609</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>BTUC_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>btuC</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P06609.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Vitamin B12-binding protein</name>
      <uniprot_id>P37028</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>BTUF_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>btuF</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P37028.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Biopolymer transport protein exbB</name>
      <uniprot_id>P0ABU7</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>EXBB_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>exbB</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0ABU7.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Biopolymer transport protein exbD</name>
      <uniprot_id>P0ABV2</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>EXBD_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>exbD</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0ABV2.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Protein tonB</name>
      <uniprot_id>P02929</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>TONB_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>tonB</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P02929.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
  </transporters>
  <reactions>
    <reaction_text>Adenosine triphosphate + Water + Adenosylcobalamin &gt; Adenosylcobalamin + ADP + Hydrogen ion + Phosphate</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Adenosine triphosphate + Water + Adenosylcobalamin &gt; Adenosylcobalamin + ADP + Hydrogen ion + Phosphate</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Adenosine triphosphate + Cob(I)alamin + Hydrogen ion &lt;&gt; Adenosylcobalamin + Triphosphate</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id>R01492</kegg_reaction_id>
    <ecocyc_id>COBALADENOSYLTRANS-RXN</ecocyc_id>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Adenosylcobinamide-GDP + N1-(alpha-D-ribosyl)-5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazole &gt; Adenosylcobalamin + Guanosine monophosphate + Hydrogen ion</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id>R05223</kegg_reaction_id>
    <ecocyc_id>COBALAMINSYN-RXN</ecocyc_id>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Adenosine triphosphate + Cob(I)alamin &lt;&gt; Triphosphate + Adenosylcobalamin</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id>R01492</kegg_reaction_id>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Adenosylcobalamin + Guanosine monophosphate &lt;&gt; Adenosylcobinamide-GDP + N1-(alpha-D-ribosyl)-5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazole</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id>R05223</kegg_reaction_id>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Adenosine triphosphate + Cob(I)alamin &gt; Adenosylcobalamin + Triphosphate</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id>COBALADENOSYLTRANS-RXN</ecocyc_id>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Adenosylcobinamide-GDP + N1-(alpha-D-ribosyl)-5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazole  Hydrogen ion + Adenosylcobalamin + Guanosine monophosphate</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id>COBALAMINSYN-RXN</ecocyc_id>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate + Water &gt; Adenosylcobalamin + Phosphate</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id>RXN-8770</ecocyc_id>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Adenosylcobalamin + Water &gt; Adenosylcobalamin + Inorganic phosphate</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Adenosylcobalamin + Water &gt; Adenosylcobalamin + Inorganic phosphate</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Adenosylcobinamide-GDP + N1-(alpha-D-ribosyl)-5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazole + N1-(5-Phospho-a-D-ribosyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole &lt;&gt; Guanosine monophosphate + Adenosylcobalamin + Adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id>R05223 </kegg_reaction_id>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
  </reactions>
  <concentrations>
  </concentrations>
</compound>
