2.02012-05-31 13:03:59 -06002015-10-15 16:13:50 -0600ECMDB01056M2MDB000235Dihydrofolic acidDihydrofolic acid is a folic acid derivative acted upon by dihydrofolate reductase to produce tetrahydrofolic acid. It interacts with bacteria during cell division. It can be targeted with drug analogs to prevent nucleic acid synthesis. Dihydrofolic acid is also known by the name Dihydrofolate - more commonly Vitamin B9.7,8-Dihydro-L-folate7,8-Dihydro-L-folic acid7,8-Dihydrofolate7,8-Dihydrofolate monoglutamate7,8-Dihydrofolic acid7,8-Dihydropteroyl monoglutamate7,8-Dihydropteroyl monoglutamic acid7,8-Dihydropteroylglutamate7,8-Dihydropteroylglutamic acidDHFDHFADihydrofolateDihydrofolic acidFH2H2PteGluH2PteGlu1H<sub>2</sub>PteGlu<sub>1</sub>L-N-[p-[[(2-Amino-7,8-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-GlutamateL-N-[p-[[(2-Amino-7,8-dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-Glutamic acidN-(4-(((2-Amino-1,4,7,8-tetrahydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-L-GlutamateN-(4-(((2-Amino-1,4,7,8-tetrahydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl)amino)benzoyl)-L-Glutamic acidN-(4-{[(2-Amino-4-oxo-3,4,7,8-tetrahydropteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}benzoyl)-L-glutamateN-(4-{[(2-Amino-4-oxo-3,4,7,8-tetrahydropteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}benzoyl)-L-glutamic acidN-(7,8-Dihydropteroyl)-L-glutamateN-(7,8-Dihydropteroyl)-L-glutamic acidN-[4-[[(2-Amino-1,4,7,8-tetrahydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-L-GlutamateN-[4-[[(2-Amino-1,4,7,8-tetrahydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-L-Glutamic acidN-[4-[[(2-Amino-3,4,7,8-tetrahydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-L-GlutamateN-[4-[[(2-Amino-3,4,7,8-tetrahydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]-L-Glutamic acidC19H21N7O6443.4133443.155331439(4S)-4-carboxy-4-[(4-{[(2-imino-4-oxido-1,2,7,8-tetrahydropteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}phenyl)formamido]butanoate(4S)-4-carboxy-4-[(4-{[(2-imino-4-oxido-7,8-dihydro-1H-pteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}phenyl)formamido]butanoate4033-27-6NC1=NC2=C(N=C(CNC3=CC=C(C=C3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)CN2)C(=O)N1InChI=1S/C19H21N7O6/c20-19-25-15-14(17(30)26-19)23-11(8-22-15)7-21-10-3-1-9(2-4-10)16(29)24-12(18(31)32)5-6-13(27)28/h1-4,12,21H,5-8H2,(H,24,29)(H,27,28)(H,31,32)(H4,20,22,25,26,30)/t12-/m0/s1OZRNSSUDZOLUSN-LBPRGKRZSA-NSolidCytosollogp0.10logs-3.64solubility1.10e-01 g/llogp-1pka_strongest_acidic3.4pka_strongest_basic2.44iupac(4S)-4-carboxy-4-[(4-{[(2-imino-4-oxido-1,2,7,8-tetrahydropteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}phenyl)formamido]butanoateaverage_mass443.4133mono_mass443.155331439smilesNC1=NC2=C(N=C(CNC3=CC=C(C=C3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)CN2)C(=O)N1formulaC19H21N7O6inchiInChI=1S/C19H21N7O6/c20-19-25-15-14(17(30)26-19)23-11(8-22-15)7-21-10-3-1-9(2-4-10)16(29)24-12(18(31)32)5-6-13(27)28/h1-4,12,21H,5-8H2,(H,24,29)(H,27,28)(H,31,32)(H4,20,22,25,26,30)/t12-/m0/s1inchikeyOZRNSSUDZOLUSN-LBPRGKRZSA-Npolar_surface_area214.25refractivity153.39polarizability43.53rotatable_bond_count9acceptor_count12donor_count6physiological_charge-2formal_charge-2Pyrimidine metabolismThe metabolism of pyrimidines begins with L-glutamine interacting with water molecule and a hydrogen carbonate through an ATP driven carbamoyl phosphate synthetase resulting in a hydrogen ion, an ADP, a phosphate, an L-glutamic acid and a carbamoyl phosphate. The latter compound interacts with an L-aspartic acid through a aspartate transcarbamylase resulting in a phosphate, a hydrogen ion and a N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. The latter compound interacts with a hydrogen ion through a dihydroorotase resulting in the release of a water molecule and a 4,5-dihydroorotic acid. This compound interacts with an ubiquinone-1 through a dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, type 2 resulting in a release of an ubiquinol-1 and an orotic acid. The orotic acid then interacts with a phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate through a orotate phosphoribosyltransferase resulting in a pyrophosphate and an orotidylic acid. The latter compound then interacts with a hydrogen ion through an orotidine-5 '-phosphate decarboxylase, resulting in an release of carbon dioxide and an Uridine 5' monophosphate. The Uridine 5' monophosphate process to get phosphorylated by an ATP driven UMP kinase resulting in the release of an ADP and an Uridine 5--diphosphate.
Uridine 5-diphosphate can be metabolized in multiple ways in order to produce a Deoxyuridine triphosphate.
1.-Uridine 5-diphosphate interacts with a reduced thioredoxin through a ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase 1 resulting in the release of a water molecule and an oxidized thioredoxin and an dUDP. The dUDP is then phosphorylated by an ATP through a nucleoside diphosphate kinase resulting in the release of an ADP and a DeoxyUridine triphosphate.
2.-Uridine 5-diphosphate interacts with a reduced NrdH glutaredoxin-like protein through a Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase 1 resulting in a release of a water molecule, an oxidized NrdH glutaredoxin-like protein and a dUDP. The dUDP is then phosphorylated by an ATP through a nucleoside diphosphate kinase resulting in the release of an ADP and a DeoxyUridine triphosphate.
3.-Uridine 5-diphosphate is phosphorylated by an ATP-driven nucleoside diphosphate kinase resulting in an ADP and an Uridinetriphosphate. The latter compound interacts with a reduced flavodoxin through ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase resulting in the release of an oxidized flavodoxin, a water molecule and a Deoxyuridine triphosphate
4.-Uridine 5-diphosphate is phosphorylated by an ATP-driven nucleoside diphosphate kinase resulting in an ADP and an Uridinetriphosphate The uridine triphosphate interacts with a L-glutamine and a water molecule through an ATP driven CTP synthase resulting in an ADP, a phosphate, a hydrogen ion, an L-glutamic acid and a cytidine triphosphate. The cytidine triphosphate interacts with a reduced flavodoxin through a ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase resulting in the release of a water molecule, an oxidized flavodoxin and a dCTP. The dCTP interacts with a water molecule and a hydrogen ion through a dCTP deaminase resulting in a release of an ammonium molecule and a Deoxyuridine triphosphate.
5.-Uridine 5-diphosphate is phosphorylated by an ATP-driven nucleoside diphosphate kinase resulting in an ADP and an Uridinetriphosphate The uridine triphosphate interacts with a L-glutamine and a water molecule through an ATP driven CTP synthase resulting in an ADP, a phosphate, a hydrogen ion, an L-glutamic acid and a cytidine triphosphate. The cytidine triphosphate then interacts spontaneously with a water molecule resulting in the release of a phosphate, a hydrogen ion and a CDP. The CDP then interacts with a reduced NrdH glutaredoxin-like protein through a ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase 2 resulting in the release of a water molecule, an oxidized NrdH glutaredoxin-like protein and a dCDP. The dCDP is then phosphorylated through an ATP driven nucleoside diphosphate kinase resulting in an ADP and a dCTP. The dCTP interacts with a water molecule and a hydrogen ion through a dCTP deaminase resulting in a release of an ammonium molecule and a Deoxyuridine triphosphate.
6.-Uridine 5-diphosphate is phosphorylated by an ATP-driven nucleoside diphosphate kinase resulting in an ADP and an Uridinetriphosphate The uridine triphosphate interacts with a L-glutamine and a water molecule through an ATP driven CTP synthase resulting in an ADP, a phosphate, a hydrogen ion, an L-glutamic acid and a cytidine triphosphate. The cytidine triphosphate then interacts spontaneously with a water molecule resulting in the release of a phosphate, a hydrogen ion and a CDP. The CDP interacts with a reduced thioredoxin through a ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase 1 resulting in a release of a water molecule, an oxidized thioredoxin and a dCDP. The dCDP is then phosphorylated through an ATP driven nucleoside diphosphate kinase resulting in an ADP and a dCTP. The dCTP interacts with a water molecule and a hydrogen ion through a dCTP deaminase resulting in a release of an ammonium molecule and a Deoxyuridine triphosphate.
The deoxyuridine triphosphate then interacts with a water molecule through a nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase resulting in a release of a hydrogen ion, a phosphate and a dUMP. The dUMP then interacts with a methenyltetrahydrofolate through a thymidylate synthase resulting in a dihydrofolic acid and a 5-thymidylic acid. Then 5-thymidylic acid is then phosphorylated through a nucleoside diphosphate kinase resulting in the release of an ADP and thymidine 5'-triphosphate.PW000942ec00240MetabolicFolate biosynthesisThe biosynthesis of folic acid begins with a product of purine nucleotides de novo biosynthesis pathway, GTP. This compound is involved in a reaction with water through a GTP cyclohydrolase 1 protein complex, resulting in a hydrogen ion, formic acid and 7,8-dihydroneopterin 3-triphosphate. The latter compound is dephosphatased through a dihydroneopterin triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase resulting in the release of a pyrophosphate, hydrogen ion and 7,8-dihydroneopterin 3-phosphate. The latter compound reacts with water spontaneously resulting in the release of a phosphate and a 7,8 -dihydroneopterin. This compound reacts with a dihydroneopterin aldolase, releasing a glycoaldehyde and 6-hydroxymethyl-7,9-dihydropterin. The latter compound is phosphorylated with a ATP-driven 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin pyrophosphokinase resulting in a (2-amino-4-hydroxy-7,8-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate.
Chorismate is metabolized by reacting with L-glutamine through a 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase resulting in L-glutamic acid and 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate. The latter compound then reacts through an aminodeoxychorismate lyase resulting in pyruvic acid,hydrogen ion and p-aminobenzoic acid.
(2-amino-4-hydroxy-7,8-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl diphosphate and p-aminobenzoic acid react through a dihydropteroate synthase resulting in pyrophosphate and 7,8-dihydropteroic acid. This compound reacts with L-glutamic acid through an ATP driven bifunctional folylpolyglutamate synthetase / dihydrofolate synthetase resulting in a 7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate. This compound is reduced through an NADPH mediated dihydrofolate reductase resulting in a tetrahydrofate.
This product goes on to a one carbon pool by folate pathway.
PW000908ec00790MetabolicOne carbon pool by folateDihydrofolic acid, a product of the folate biosynthesis pathway, can be metabolized by multiple enzymes.
Dihydrofolic acid can be reduced by a NADP-driven dihydrofolate reductase resulting in a NADPH, hydrogen ion and folic acid.
Dihydrofolic acid can also be reduced by an NADPH-driven dihydrofolate reductase resulting in a NADP and a tetrahydrofolic acid. Folic acid can also produce a tetrahydrofolic acid through a NADPH-driven dihydrofolate reductase.
Dihydrofolic acid also interacts with 5-thymidylic acid through a thymidylate synthase resulting in the release of dUMP and 5,10-methylene-THF
Tetrahydrofolic acid can be converted into 5,10-methylene-THF through two different reversible reactions.
Tetrahydrofolic acid interacts with a S-Aminomethyldihydrolipoylprotein through a aminomethyltransferase resulting in the release of ammonia, a dihydrolipoylprotein and 5,10-Methylene-THF
Tetrahydrofolic acid interacts with L-serine through a glycine hydroxymethyltransferase resulting in a glycine, water and 5,10-Methylene-THF.
The compound 5,10-methylene-THF reacts with an NADPH dependent methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [NAD(P)H] resulting in NADP and 5-Methyltetrahydrofolic acid. This compound interacts with homocysteine through a methionine synthase resulting in L-methionine and tetrahydrofolic acid.
Tetrahydrofolic acid can be metabolized into 10-formyltetrahydrofolate through 4 different enzymes:
1.- Tetrahydrofolic acid interacts with FAICAR through a phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase resulting in a 1-(5'-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide and a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate
2.-Tetrahydrofolic acid interacts with 5'-Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide through a phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 2 resulting in a Glycineamideribotide and a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate
3.-Tetrahydrofolic acid interacts with Formic acid through a formyltetrahydrofolate hydrolase resulting in water and a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate
4.-Tetrahydrofolic acid interacts with N-formylmethionyl-tRNA(fMet) through a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate:L-methionyl-tRNA(fMet) N-formyltransferase resulting in a L-methionyl-tRNA(Met) and a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate
10-formyltetrahydrofolate can interact with a hydrogen ion through a bifunctional 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase resulting in water and
5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolic acid.
Tetrahydrofolic acid can be metabolized into 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolic acid by reacting with a
5'-phosphoribosyl-a-N-formylglycineamidine through a phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 2 resulting in water, glycineamideribotide and 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolic acid. The latter compound can either interact with water through an aminomethyltransferase resulting in a N5-Formyl-THF, or it can interact with a NADPH driven bifunctional 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase resulting in a NADP and 5,10-Methylene THF.
PW000773ec00670MetabolicMetabolic pathwayseco01100One Carbon Pool by Folate IDihydrofolic acid, a product of the folate biosynthesis pathway, can be metabolized by multiple enzymes.
Dihydrofolic acid can be reduced by a NADP-driven dihydrofolate reductase resulting in a NADPH, hydrogen ion and folic acid.
Dihydrofolic acid can also be reduced by an NADPH-driven dihydrofolate reductase resulting in a NADP and a tetrahydrofolic acid. Folic acid can also produce a tetrahydrofolic acid through a NADPH-driven dihydrofolate reductase.
Dihydrofolic acid also interacts with 5-thymidylic acid through a thymidylate synthase resulting in the release of dUMP and 5,10-methylene-THF
Tetrahydrofolic acid can be converted into 5,10-methylene-THF through two different reversible reactions.
Tetrahydrofolic acid interacts with a S-Aminomethyldihydrolipoylprotein through a aminomethyltransferase resulting in the release of ammonia, a dihydrolipoylprotein and 5,10-Methylene-THF
Tetrahydrofolic acid interacts with L-serine through a glycine hydroxymethyltransferase resulting in a glycine, water and 5,10-Methylene-THF.
The compound 5,10-methylene-THF reacts with an NADPH dependent methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [NAD(P)H] resulting in NADP and 5-Methyltetrahydrofolic acid. This compound interacts with homocysteine through a methionine synthase resulting in L-methionine and tetrahydrofolic acid.
Tetrahydrofolic acid can be metabolized into 10-formyltetrahydrofolate through 4 different enzymes:
1.- Tetrahydrofolic acid interacts with FAICAR through a phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase resulting in a 1-(5'-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide and a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate
2.-Tetrahydrofolic acid interacts with 5'-Phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide through a phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 2 resulting in a Glycineamideribotide and a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate
3.-Tetrahydrofolic acid interacts with Formic acid through a formyltetrahydrofolate hydrolase resulting in water and a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate
4.-Tetrahydrofolic acid interacts with N-formylmethionyl-tRNA(fMet) through a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate:L-methionyl-tRNA(fMet) N-formyltransferase resulting in a L-methionyl-tRNA(Met) and a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate
10-formyltetrahydrofolate can interact with a hydrogen ion through a bifunctional 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase resulting in water and
5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolic acid.
Tetrahydrofolic acid can be metabolized into 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolic acid by reacting with a
5'-phosphoribosyl-a-N-formylglycineamidine through a phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase 2 resulting in water, glycineamideribotide and 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolic acid. The latter compound can either interact with water through an aminomethyltransferase resulting in a N5-Formyl-THF, or it can interact with a NADPH driven bifunctional 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase resulting in a NADP and 5,10-Methylene THF.
PW001735MetabolicformylTHF biosynthesis I1CMET2-PWYpyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides <i>de novo</i> biosynthesis IPWY0-166tetrahydrofolate biosynthesisPWY-6614Specdb::MsMs182781Specdb::MsMs182782Specdb::MsMs182783Specdb::MsMs183129Specdb::MsMs183130Specdb::MsMs183131HMDB010569879289228C0041515633DIHYDROFOLATEDHFDihydrofolateKeseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590.21097882Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114.22080510van der Werf, M. J., Overkamp, K. M., Muilwijk, B., Coulier, L., Hankemeier, T. (2007). "Microbial metabolomics: toward a platform with full metabolome coverage." Anal Biochem 370:17-25.17765195Winder, C. L., Dunn, W. B., Schuler, S., Broadhurst, D., Jarvis, R., Stephens, G. M., Goodacre, R. (2008). "Global metabolic profiling of Escherichia coli cultures: an evaluation of methods for quenching and extraction of intracellular metabolites." Anal Chem 80:2939-2948.18331064Navarro-Peran E, Cabezas-Herrera J, Garcia-Canovas F, Durrant MC, Thorneley RN, Rodriguez-Lopez JN: The antifolate activity of tea catechins. Cancer Res. 2005 Mar 15;65(6):2059-64.15781612Smith, Karin; Scrimgeour, K. G.; Huennekens, F. M. Folic acid coenzymes and one-carbon metabolism. XV. Synthesis of a new form of dihydrofolate. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (1963), 11(5), 388-92.http://hmdb.ca/system/metabolites/msds/000/000/949/original/HMDB01056.pdf?1358462753Bifunctional protein folCP08192FOLC_ECOLIfolChttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P08192.xmlThymidylate synthaseP0A884TYSY_ECOLIthyAhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0A884.xmlDihydrofolate reductaseP0ABQ4DYR_ECOLIfolAhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0ABQ4.xmlDihydrofolate reductase folMP0AFS3FOLM_ECOLIfolMhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0AFS3.xmlDihydrofolic acid + Hydrogen ion + NADPH <> NADP + Tetrahydrofolic acidR00939DIHYDROFOLATEREDUCT-RXNAdenosine triphosphate + 7,8-Dihydropteroic acid + L-Glutamate <> ADP + Dihydrofolic acid + Hydrogen ion + PhosphateR02237DIHYDROFOLATESYNTH-RXNdUMP + 5,10-Methylene-THF <> Dihydrofolic acid + 5-Thymidylic acidR02101THYMIDYLATESYN-RXNTetrahydrofolic acid + NAD <> Dihydrofolic acid + NADH + Hydrogen ionR00936Tetrahydrofolic acid + NADP <> Dihydrofolic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen ionR00939Dihydrofolic acid + NAD <> Folic acid + NADH + Hydrogen ionR02235Dihydrofolic acid + NADP <> Folic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen ionR02236Adenosine triphosphate + 7,8-Dihydropteroic acid + L-Glutamate <> ADP + Phosphate + Dihydrofolic acidR02237NADP + Tetrahydrofolic acid < Hydrogen ion + NADPH + Dihydrofolic acidDIHYDROFOLATEREDUCT-RXNL-Glutamate + 7,8-Dihydropteroic acid + Adenosine triphosphate > Hydrogen ion + Dihydrofolic acid + Phosphate + ADPDIHYDROFOLATESYNTH-RXNdUMP + 5,10-Methylene-THF > 5-Thymidylic acid + Dihydrofolic acidTHYMIDYLATESYN-RXNTetrahydrofolic acid + NADP > Dihydrofolic acid + NADPHAdenosine triphosphate + 7,8-Dihydropteroic acid + L-Glutamate > ADP + Inorganic phosphate + Dihydrofolic acidDihydrofolic acid + NADP + Dihydrofolic acid > Folic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen ion + NADPHPW_R002537Dihydrofolic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen ion + Dihydrofolic acid + NADPH > Tetrahydrofolic acid + NADP + Tetrahydrofolic acidPW_R002538Dihydrofolic acid + 5-Thymidylic acid + Dihydrofolic acid > 5,10-Methylene-THF + dUMP + 5,10-Methylene-THFPW_R002540dUMP + 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate + 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate mono-L-glutamate > Dihydrofolic acid + 5-Thymidylic acid + Dihydrofolic acidPW_R0035407,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate + Hydrogen ion + NADPH + Dihydrofolic acid + NADPH > NADP + Tetrahydrofolic acid + Tetrahydrofolic acidPW_R0034057,8-Dihydropteroic acid + Adenosine triphosphate + L-Glutamic acid + L-Glutamate > Adenosine diphosphate + Phosphate + Hydrogen ion + 7,8-dihydrofolate monoglutamate + ADP + Dihydrofolic acidPW_R003404dUMP + 5 5,10-Methylene-THF <> Dihydrofolic acid +5 5-Thymidylic acidDihydrofolic acid + Hydrogen ion + NADPH <> NADP + Tetrahydrofolic acidAdenosine triphosphate + 7 7,8-Dihydropteroic acid + L-Glutamate <> ADP + Dihydrofolic acid + Hydrogen ion + PhosphatedUMP + 5 5,10-Methylene-THF <> Dihydrofolic acid +5 5-Thymidylic acidDihydrofolic acid + Hydrogen ion + NADPH <> NADP + Tetrahydrofolic acidDihydrofolic acid + Hydrogen ion + NADPH <> NADP + Tetrahydrofolic acid