<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>2.0</version>
  <creation_date>2012-05-31 13:02:27 -0600</creation_date>
  <update_date>2015-09-13 15:15:20 -0600</update_date>
  <accession>ECMDB00957</accession>
  <m2m_id>M2MDB000207</m2m_id>
  <name>Pyrocatechol</name>
  <description>Pyrocatechol is a member of the chemical class known as Catechols. These are compounds containing a 1,2-benzenediol moeity. Catechol, also known as pyrocatechol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H4(OH)2. It is the ortho isomer of the three isomeric benzenediols. This colorless compound occurs naturally in trace amounts. About 20 million kg are produced annually, mainly as a precursor to pesticides, flavors, and fragrances. E. coli can use catechols as substrates to grow on using 2,3-dihydroxicinnamic acid 1,2-dioxygenase or mhpB.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>1,2-Benzenediol</synonym>
    <synonym>1,2-Dihydroxybenzene</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Hydroxyphenol</synonym>
    <synonym>C.I. Oxidation Base 26</synonym>
    <synonym>Catechol</synonym>
    <synonym>Catechol (phenol)</synonym>
    <synonym>Durafur Developer C</synonym>
    <synonym>Fouramine PCH</synonym>
    <synonym>Fourrine 68</synonym>
    <synonym>O-Benzenediol</synonym>
    <synonym>O-Dihydroxybenzene</synonym>
    <synonym>O-Dioxybenzene</synonym>
    <synonym>O-Hydroquinone</synonym>
    <synonym>O-Hydroxyphenol</synonym>
    <synonym>O-Phenylenediol</synonym>
    <synonym>Oxyphenate</synonym>
    <synonym>Oxyphenic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Pelagol Grey C</synonym>
    <synonym>Phthalhydroquinone</synonym>
    <synonym>Phthalic alcohol</synonym>
    <synonym>Pyrocatechin</synonym>
    <synonym>Pyrocatechine</synonym>
    <synonym>Pyrocatechol</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C6H6O2</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>110.1106</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>110.036779436</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>benzene-1,2-diol</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>catechol</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>120-80-9</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>OC1=CC=CC=C1O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C6H6O2/c7-5-3-1-2-4-6(5)8/h1-4,7-8H</inchi>
  <inchikey>YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <state>Solid</state>
  <cellular_locations>
    <cellular_location>Outer membrane</cellular_location>
    <cellular_location>Inner membrane</cellular_location>
  </cellular_locations>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>0.74</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-0.17</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>7.50e+01 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>melting_point</kind>
      <value>105 oC</value>
    </property>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>1.37</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>9.34</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>-6.3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>benzene-1,2-diol</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>110.1106</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>110.036779436</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>OC1=CC=CC=C1O</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C6H6O2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C6H6O2/c7-5-3-1-2-4-6(5)8/h1-4,7-8H</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>40.46</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>30.02</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>10.69</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane degradation</name>
      <description/>
      <pathwhiz_id/>
      <kegg_map_id>ec00361</kegg_map_id>
      <subject/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Benzoate degradation via hydroxylation</name>
      <description/>
      <pathwhiz_id/>
      <kegg_map_id>ec00362</kegg_map_id>
      <subject/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Biphenyl degradation</name>
      <description/>
      <pathwhiz_id/>
      <kegg_map_id>ec00621</kegg_map_id>
      <subject/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>1,4-Dichlorobenzene degradation</name>
      <description/>
      <pathwhiz_id/>
      <kegg_map_id>ec00627</kegg_map_id>
      <subject/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Fluorobenzoate degradation</name>
      <description>one step conversion of fluoromuconolactone (5-fluoromuconolactone  and 4-fluoromuconolactone ) into maleylactate in  order to be degraded following the benzoate degradation
This pathway is under revision</description>
      <pathwhiz_id>PW000766</pathwhiz_id>
      <kegg_map_id>ec00364</kegg_map_id>
      <subject>Metabolic</subject>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Microbial metabolism in diverse environments</name>
      <description/>
      <pathwhiz_id/>
      <kegg_map_id>ec01120</kegg_map_id>
      <subject/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Naphthalene degradation</name>
      <description/>
      <pathwhiz_id/>
      <kegg_map_id>ec00626</kegg_map_id>
      <subject/>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>Aminobenzoate Degradation</name>
      <description>Delete
 This pathway shows the various process by which various compounds reach Benzoate degradation. The top most reaction catalyzes (3s)-3-hydroxyacyl-Coa from crotonoyl-Coa and Water through 2,3-dehydroadipyl-CoA hydratase.  
The second reaction catalyzes Benzoic Acid from benzoyl phosphate through a weak acylphosphatase. 

 
The third reaction is 1,2,4 Benzenetriol which is catalyzed from 4-nitrocatechol through a predicted 2Fe-2s cluster-containing protein. This is a isomer of 4-nitrophenol which is produced from 4-phenylphosphate or 4-nitrophenylphosphate through a phosphoanhydride phosphorylase or alkaline phosphatase respectively

The fourth reaction is the production of pyrocatechol from phenol, aniline or Nitrobenzene through a predicted 2Fe-2S cluster-containing protein.

The fifth reaction is the production of (3s)-3 hydroxyacyl CoA from acetyl oa and 3-hydroxy-5-oxohexanoic through Acetate CoA-transferase

(3s)-3-hydroxyacyl-Coa, Benzoic Acid, pyrocatechol and 1,2,4 Benzenetriol then go into Benzoate degradation. </description>
      <pathwhiz_id>PW000757</pathwhiz_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
      <subject>Metabolic</subject>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>685</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>5712</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>26744</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>27576</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>27984</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>29904</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>30494</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>31771</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>37864</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>134814</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>142548</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1082494</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1082495</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1082496</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::EiMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>791</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1622</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8062</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8063</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8064</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8065</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8066</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8067</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8068</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8069</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8070</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8071</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8072</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8073</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8074</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8075</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8076</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8077</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8078</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8079</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8080</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>8081</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1357</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1358</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>1359</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4969</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4970</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4971</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4973</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>4974</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20390</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20391</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>20392</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21941</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21942</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21943</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439130</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>439131</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>440140</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2236365</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2237039</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2238424</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2239136</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2240126</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2240556</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2241169</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2241561</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrTwoD</type>
      <spectrum_id>1563</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB00957</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id>13837760</chemspider_id>
  <kegg_id>C15571</kegg_id>
  <chebi_id>18135</chebi_id>
  <biocyc_id>CATECHOL</biocyc_id>
  <het_id>CAQ</het_id>
  <wikipidia>Pyrocatechol</wikipidia>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>21097882</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>22080510</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Habecker BA, Willison BD, Shi X, Woodward WR: Chronic depolarization stimulates norepinephrine transporter expression via catecholamines. J Neurochem. 2006 May;97(4):1044-51. Epub 2006 Mar 29.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>16573647</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Nguyen SD, Sok DE: Effect of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine on Cu(2+)-induced inactivation of HDL-associated paraoxonasel and oxidation of HDL; inactivation of paraoxonasel activity independent of HDL lipid oxidation. Free Radic Res. 2004 Sep;38(9):969-76.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>15621715</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Kiso Y: Antioxidative roles of sesamin, a functional lignan in sesame seed, and it's effect on lipid- and alcohol-metabolism in the liver: a DNA microarray study. Biofactors. 2004;21(1-4):191-6.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>15630196</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Rivest J, Barclay CL, Suchowersky O: COMT inhibitors in Parkinson's disease.  Can J Neurol Sci. 1999 Aug;26 Suppl 2:S34-8.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>10451758</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Goodall M, Diddle AW: Epinephrine and norepinephrine in pregnancy. A comparative study of the adrenal gland and catechol output in different species of animals and man. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1971 Dec 1;111(7):896-904.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>5118028</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Olanow CW, Obeso JA: Pulsatile stimulation of dopamine receptors and levodopa-induced motor complications in Parkinson's disease: implications for the early use of COMT inhibitors. Neurology. 2000;55(11 Suppl 4):S72-7; discussion S78-81.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>11147513</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Zand R, Nelson SD, Slattery JT, Thummel KE, Kalhorn TF, Adams SP, Wright JM: Inhibition and induction of cytochrome P4502E1-catalyzed oxidation by isoniazid in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1993 Aug;54(2):142-9.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>8354023</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Swaminath G, Deupi X, Lee TW, Zhu W, Thian FS, Kobilka TS, Kobilka B: Probing the beta2 adrenoceptor binding site with catechol reveals differences in binding and activation by agonists and partial agonists. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jun 10;280(23):22165-71. Epub 2005 Apr 7.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>15817484</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Goldstein DS, Holmes C, Kaufmann H, Freeman R: Clinical pharmacokinetics of the norepinephrine precursor L-threo-DOPS in primary chronic autonomic failure. Clin Auton Res. 2004 Dec;14(6):363-8.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>15666063</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Schapira AH, Obeso JA, Olanow CW: The place of COMT inhibitors in the armamentarium of drugs for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Neurology. 2000;55(11 Suppl 4):S65-8; discussion S69-71.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>11147512</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Purba HS, Maggs JL, Orme ML, Back DJ, Park BK: The metabolism of 17 alpha-ethinyloestradiol by human liver microsomes: formation of catechol and chemically reactive metabolites. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1987 Apr;23(4):447-53.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>3555579</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Moretti M, Villarini M, Simonucci S, Fatigoni C, Scassellati-Sforzolini G, Monarca S, Pasquini R, Angelucci M, Strappini M: Effects of co-exposure to extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields and benzene or benzene metabolites determined in vitro by the alkaline comet assay. Toxicol Lett. 2005 Jun 17;157(2):119-28.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>15836999</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Poupaert J, Carato P, Colacino E, Yous S: 2(3H)-benzoxazolone and bioisosters as &amp;quot;privileged scaffold&amp;quot; in the design of pharmacological probes. Curr Med Chem. 2005;12(7):877-85.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>15853716</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Mosca L, Lendaro E, d'Erme M, Marcellini S, Moretti S, Rosei MA: 5-S-Cysteinyl-dopamine effect on the human dopaminergic neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. Neurochem Int. 2006 Aug;49(3):262-9. Epub 2006 Mar 20.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>16549224</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Santens P: Sleep attacks in Parkinson's disease induced by Entacapone, a COMT-inhibitor. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Feb;17(1):121-3.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>12588639</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Cavalieri EL, Rogan EG, Chakravarti D: Initiation of cancer and other diseases by catechol ortho-quinones: a unifying mechanism. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2002 Apr;59(4):665-81.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>12022473</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Relling MV, Nemec J, Schuetz EG, Schuetz JD, Gonzalez FJ, Korzekwa KR: O-demethylation of epipodophyllotoxins is catalyzed by human cytochrome P450 3A4. Mol Pharmacol. 1994 Feb;45(2):352-8.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>8114683</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Irons RD: Quinones as toxic metabolites of benzene.  J Toxicol Environ Health. 1985;16(5):673-8.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>4093989</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Luffer-Atlas D, Vincent SH, Painter SK, Arison BH, Stearns RA, Chiu SH: Orally active inhibitors of human leukocyte elastase. III. Identification and characterization of metabolites of L-694,458 by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997 Aug;25(8):940-52.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>9280402</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Munns AJ, De Voss JJ, Hooper WD, Dickinson RG, Gillam EM: Bioactivation of phenytoin by human cytochrome P450: characterization of the mechanism and targets of covalent adduct formation. Chem Res Toxicol. 1997 Sep;10(9):1049-58.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>9305589</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <synthesis_reference>Lauterbach, Manfred; Zimmermann, Volker; Jaeger, Guenter; Radig, Wolfram; Adam, Johannes; Blady, Regina.  Extraction and purification of pyrocatechol.    Ger. (East)  (1986),     4 pp. </synthesis_reference>
  <msds_url>http://hmdb.ca/system/metabolites/msds/000/000/861/original/HMDB00957.pdf?1358895509</msds_url>
  <enzymes>
    <enzyme>
      <name>predicted 2Fe-2S cluster-containing protein</name>
      <uniprot_id>P0ABR7</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>yeaW</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0ABR7.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
  </enzymes>
  <transporters>
  </transporters>
  <reactions>
    <reaction_text>Aniline + Oxygen &lt;&gt; Pyrocatechol + Ammonia</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id>R07700</kegg_reaction_id>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Nitrobenzene + Oxygen &lt;&gt; Pyrocatechol + Nitrite</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id>R07706</kegg_reaction_id>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Aniline &gt; Pyrocatechol</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id>PW_R002443</pw_reaction_id>
    <reaction_text>Nitrobenzene &gt; Pyrocatechol</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id>PW_R002444</pw_reaction_id>
  </reactions>
  <concentrations>
  </concentrations>
</compound>
