Galactonic acid (ECMDB00565) (M2MDB000150)

IdentificationTaxonomyPhysical PropertiesBiological PropertiesSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesEnzymes (1)Transporters (5)XML
Proteins (75)
Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2012-05-31 10:27:25 -0600
Update Date2015-09-13 15:15:19 -0600
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • ECMDB00565
Identification
Name:Galactonic acid
DescriptionGalactonic acid is a member of the chemical class known as Sugar Acids and Derivatives. These are compounds containing a saccharide unit which bears a carboxylic acid group. D-Galacturonic acid is a sugar acid, an oxidized form of D-galactose. It is the main component of pectin, in which it exists as the polymer polygalacturonic acid. It has an aldehyde group at C1 and a carboxylic acid group at C6. Other oxidized forms of D-galactose are D-galactonic acid (carboxylic group at C1) and meso-galactaric acid (mucic acid) (carboxylic groups at C1 and C6). It is also a uronic acid or hexuronic acid. Naturally occurring uronic acids are D-glucuronic acid, D-galacturonic acid, L-iduronic acid and D-mannuronic acid. (WikiPedia)
Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms:
  • Galactonate
  • Galactonic acid
Chemical Formula:C6H12O7
Weight:Average: 196.1553
Monoisotopic: 196.058302738
InChI Key:RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-MGCNEYSASA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/C6H12O7/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13/h2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13)/t2-,3+,4+,5-/m1/s1
CAS number:13382-27-9
IUPAC Name:(2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name:galactonic acid
SMILES:OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives. These are hydroxy acids with a 6 to 12 carbon atoms long side chain.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassOrganic acids and derivatives
ClassHydroxy acids and derivatives
Sub ClassMedium-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives
Direct ParentMedium-chain hydroxy acids and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Medium-chain hydroxy acid
  • Medium-chain fatty acid
  • Beta-hydroxy acid
  • Hydroxy fatty acid
  • Alpha-hydroxy acid
  • Monosaccharide
  • Fatty acyl
  • Fatty acid
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Polyol
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Carbonyl group
  • Primary alcohol
  • Alcohol
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State:Solid
Charge:-1
Melting point:133-136 °C
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility:Slightly solublePhysProp
LogP:-3.304PhysProp
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility159 g/LALOGPS
logP-2.6ALOGPS
logP-3.4ChemAxon
logS-0.09ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.39ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count7ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count6ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area138.45 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon
Refractivity38.27 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability17.07 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations:Cytoplasm
Reactions:
Galactonic acid <> 2-Dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate + Water
Galactonic acid > 2-Dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate + Water
Galactonic acid + Galactonic acid > Water + 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate + 2-Dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate
SMPDB Pathways:
Galactitol and galactonate degradationPW000820 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Galactose metabolismPW000821 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
inner membrane transportPW000786 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
KEGG Pathways:
EcoCyc Pathways:Not Available
Concentrations
Not Available
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (6 TMS)splash10-0gb9-1973000000-8a50553fe225b27795e1View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-0gb9-1973000000-8a50553fe225b27795e1View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-0002-0931000000-64524701c5b50ec7e875View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-06tu-9500000000-abc0b019db16afd3352bView in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (6 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-03fr-6121297000-698854fa2453487a1d69View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_6_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS ("Galactonic acid,6TBDMS,#1" TMS) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_5) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_6) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_3) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_4) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_5) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_6) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_7) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_8) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_9) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_10) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_2_11) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, N/A (Annotated)splash10-056s-0900000000-9dfe4c3a61306fdf2051View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, N/A (Annotated)splash10-03di-3900000000-a0e411580bfda8c3c12eView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, N/A (Annotated)splash10-0300-9100000000-8235697c497449a4272dView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-004j-2900000000-9081b4da0decbd05f2d0View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-03di-9400000000-79c4dcd310d5cacca35cView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-08i9-9000000000-62e401fc518adf3537bdView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0adu-9600000000-2d2f2523012a7bbe0e8aView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0a4u-9300000000-00e22f3157480a68e695View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0a4i-9000000000-87d75121bafb2a63a0f8View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-024m-8900000000-7ecf18d54cb462c04558View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-074i-9000000000-a24dd2cb9b57deddeaaeView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-08fr-9000000000-ae48df53c8de11d2cae6View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-004i-9100000000-ff1473e44b436e4f8fa5View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0a6r-9000000000-aac8778b161b37e56a13View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0a6r-9000000000-8920759ff7b62f308018View in MoNA
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR13C NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
References
References:
  • Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114. Pubmed: 22080510
  • Shinka T, Inoue Y, Peng H, Zhen-Wei X, Ose M, Kuhara T: Urine screening of five-day-old newborns: metabolic profiling of neonatal galactosuria. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1999 Sep 24;732(2):469-77. Pubmed: 10517369
  • Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38. Pubmed: 2026685
  • Yager CT, Chen J, Reynolds R, Segal S: Galactitol and galactonate in red blood cells of galactosemic patients. Mol Genet Metab. 2003 Nov;80(3):283-9. Pubmed: 14680973
Synthesis Reference:Levene, P. A.; Simms, H. S. Lactone formation mono- and dicarboxylic sugar acids. Journal of Biological Chemistry (1925), 65 31-47.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID16534
HMDB IDHMDB00565
Pubchem Compound ID128869
Kegg IDC00880
ChemSpider ID114198
Wikipedia IDNot Available
BioCyc IDNot Available

Enzymes

Protein Details
1. D-galactonate dehydratase
General function:
Involved in galactonate dehydratase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the dehydration of D-galactonate to 2-keto-3- deoxy-D-galactonate
Gene Name:
dgoD
Uniprot ID:
Q6BF17
Molecular weight:
42523
Reactions
D-galactonate = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate + H(2)O.

Transporters

Protein Details
1. D-galactonate transporter
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Intake of galactonate into the cell
Gene Name:
dgoT
Uniprot ID:
P0AA76
Molecular weight:
47076
Protein Details
2. Outer membrane protein N
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Non-specific porin
Gene Name:
ompN
Uniprot ID:
P77747
Molecular weight:
41220
Protein Details
3. Outer membrane pore protein E
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Uptake of inorganic phosphate, phosphorylated compounds, and some other negatively charged solutes
Gene Name:
phoE
Uniprot ID:
P02932
Molecular weight:
38922
Protein Details
4. Outer membrane protein F
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
OmpF is a porin that forms passive diffusion pores which allow small molecular weight hydrophilic materials across the outer membrane. It is also a receptor for the bacteriophage T2
Gene Name:
ompF
Uniprot ID:
P02931
Molecular weight:
39333
Protein Details
5. Outer membrane protein C
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Forms passive diffusion pores which allow small molecular weight hydrophilic materials across the outer membrane
Gene Name:
ompC
Uniprot ID:
P06996
Molecular weight:
40368