Phenylpyruvic acid (ECMDB00205) (M2MDB000084)

IdentificationTaxonomyPhysical PropertiesBiological PropertiesSpectraConcentrationsLinksReferencesEnzymes (6)XML
Proteins (2204)
Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2012-05-31 10:23:39 -0600
Update Date2015-09-13 12:56:06 -0600
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • ECMDB00205
Identification
Name:Phenylpyruvic acid
DescriptionPhenylpyruvic acid is a keto-acid that is an intermediate or catabolic byproduct of phenylalanine metabolism. It has a slight honey-like odor. Phenylalanine is converted to phenylpyruvic acid. In particular, excessive phenylalanine can be metabolized into phenylketones through, a transaminase pathway route involving glutamate. Metabolites of this transamination reaction include phenylacetate, phenylpyruvate and phenethylamine.
Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms:
  • α-ketohydrocinnamate
  • α-ketohydrocinnamic acid
  • 2-Keto-phenyl-pyruvate
  • 2-Keto-phenyl-pyruvic acid
  • 2-Oxo-3-phenylpropanoate
  • 2-Oxo-3-phenylpropanoic acid
  • 3-Phenyl-2-oxopropanoate
  • 3-Phenyl-2-oxopropanoic acid
  • 3-Phenylpyruvate
  • 3-Phenylpyruvic acid
  • a-Ketohydrocinnamate
  • a-Ketohydrocinnamic acid
  • Alpha-Ketohydrocinnamate
  • Alpha-Ketohydrocinnamic acid
  • B-Phenylpyruvate
  • B-Phenylpyruvic acid
  • Beta-Phenylpyruvate
  • Beta-Phenylpyruvic acid
  • Keto-Phenylpyruvate
  • Keto-Phenylpyruvic acid
  • Phenylpyroracemate
  • Phenylpyroracemic acid
  • Phenylpyruvate
  • α-Ketohydrocinnamate
  • α-Ketohydrocinnamic acid
  • β-Phenylpyruvate
  • β-Phenylpyruvic acid
Chemical Formula:C9H8O3
Weight:Average: 164.158
Monoisotopic: 164.047344122
InChI Key:BTNMPGBKDVTSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/C9H8O3/c10-8(9(11)12)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5H,6H2,(H,11,12)
CAS number:156-06-9
IUPAC Name:2-oxo-3-phenylpropanoic acid
Traditional IUPAC Name:phenylpyruvic acid
SMILES:OC(=O)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpyruvic acid derivatives. Phenylpyruvic acid derivatives are compounds containing a phenylpyruvic acid moiety, which consists of a phenyl group substituted at the second position by an pyruvic acid.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassBenzenoids
ClassBenzene and substituted derivatives
Sub ClassPhenylpyruvic acid derivatives
Direct ParentPhenylpyruvic acid derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Phenylpyruvate
  • 3-phenylpropanoic-acid
  • Keto acid
  • Alpha-keto acid
  • Alpha-hydroxy ketone
  • Ketone
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aromatic homomonocyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic homomonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State:Solid
Charge:-1
Melting point:154
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility:112 mg/mL [HMP experimental]PhysProp
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP1.9ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.33ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-9.8ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area54.37 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count3ChemAxon
Refractivity42.71 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability15.75 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings1ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations:Cytoplasm
Reactions:
alpha-Ketoglutarate + L-Phenylalanine <> L-Glutamate + Phenylpyruvic acid
Hydrogen ion + Prephenate > Carbon dioxide + Water + Phenylpyruvic acid
Prephenate <> Phenylpyruvic acid + Water + Carbon dioxide
D-Phenylalanine + Water + Acceptor <> Phenylpyruvic acid + Ammonia + Reduced acceptor
Phenylpyruvic acid + L-Glutamate <> L-Phenylalanine + Oxoglutaric acid
Prephenate > Phenylpyruvic acid + Water + Carbon dioxide
Phenylpyruvic acid + Ammonia + cytochrome c nitrite reductase <> D-Phenylalanine + Water + cytochrome c nitrite reductase
Phenylpyruvic acid + L-Glutamic acid + L-Glutamate > Oxoglutaric acid + L-Phenylalanine + L-Phenylalanine
L-Phenylalanine + Oxygen + L-Phenylalanine <> Oxoglutaric acid + Phenylpyruvic acid
alpha-Ketoglutarate + L-Phenylalanine <> L-Glutamate + Phenylpyruvic acid
Hydrogen ion + Prephenate > Carbon dioxide + Water + Phenylpyruvic acid
alpha-Ketoglutarate + L-Phenylalanine <> L-Glutamate + Phenylpyruvic acid
alpha-Ketoglutarate + L-Phenylalanine <> L-Glutamate + Phenylpyruvic acid
SMPDB Pathways:
Phenylalanine metabolismPW000921 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
phenylalanine biosynthesisPW000807 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
KEGG Pathways:
  • Phenylalanine metabolism ec00360
  • Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis ec00400
EcoCyc Pathways:
  • phenylalanine biosynthesis I PHESYN
Concentrations
ConcentrationStrainMediaGrowth StatusGrowth SystemTemperatureDetails
90± 0 uMK12 NCM3722Gutnick minimal complete medium (4.7 g/L KH2PO4; 13.5 g/L K2HPO4; 1 g/L K2SO4; 0.1 g/L MgSO4-7H2O; 10 mM NH4Cl) with 4 g/L glucoseMid-Log PhaseShake flask and filter culture37 oCPMID: 19561621
195± 0 uMK12 NCM3722Gutnick minimal complete medium (4.7 g/L KH2PO4; 13.5 g/L K2HPO4; 1 g/L K2SO4; 0.1 g/L MgSO4-7H2O; 10 mM NH4Cl) with 4 g/L glycerolMid-Log PhaseShake flask and filter culture37 oCPMID: 19561621
148± 0 uMK12 NCM3722Gutnick minimal complete medium (4.7 g/L KH2PO4; 13.5 g/L K2HPO4; 1 g/L K2SO4; 0.1 g/L MgSO4-7H2O; 10 mM NH4Cl) with 4 g/L acetateMid-Log PhaseShake flask and filter culture37 oCPMID: 19561621
Find out more about how we convert literature concentrations.
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (1 TMS)splash10-00ko-9700000000-1a891469df1de787159bView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-1900000000-7dc1a5344d13e4dc19acView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)splash10-001i-0900000000-bbbc84c54d03c4a14e51View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)splash10-0a4i-0900000000-00b547b0371603520b61View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (1 TMS; 1 MEOX)splash10-00di-9100000000-fdd48b632e63c8478078View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 MEOX; 1 TMS)splash10-000f-9300000000-8cd32f87e04ae0b6d6fbView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 MEOX; 1 TMS)splash10-014u-9720000000-7a0b66e6c18ff42ac05eView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS)splash10-0006-9760000000-d94111a7b9babceb265bView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-00ko-9700000000-1a891469df1de787159bView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-00di-9100000000-fdd48b632e63c8478078View in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-000f-9300000000-8cd32f87e04ae0b6d6fbView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-014u-9720000000-7a0b66e6c18ff42ac05eView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9760000000-d94111a7b9babceb265bView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-000f-9300000000-8cd32f87e04ae0b6d6fbView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-014u-9720000000-7a0b66e6c18ff42ac05eView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)splash10-0006-9760000000-d94111a7b9babceb265bView in MoNA
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)splash10-00ko-9700000000-cec4a53271b8d66c2abcView in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-0006-9300000000-9a8a36c751256480752eView in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00r6-9500000000-3e83cb905f1fd4362497View in MoNA
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-066r-0900000000-ceb2ce23352e0f45ee33View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-004i-9200000000-ed4a6740d574858da982View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)splash10-004i-9000000000-c239a9a599daa607e47fView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negativesplash10-014i-0900000000-36e00f6baa5d907e851bView in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF 35V, negativesplash10-014i-0900000000-843a66173124c8fdf184View in MoNA
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - 35V, Negativesplash10-014i-0900000000-272f6079d347e1b34e86View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-014j-1900000000-5d025096b1bb0e80dc1cView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-014m-3900000000-9d0be907ecb6cc5efe8cView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0006-9200000000-a4fc563b3536eafc044dView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-03di-1900000000-0f660ae6dc074d939404View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-014j-1900000000-d229883bf098b04e0fcbView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-014i-5900000000-a107b725b71a6441a80cView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-03xr-1900000000-8ba05dd4c5612aae9f50View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0006-9300000000-946fa61c2a2596d7592dView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-9200000000-fa13a9bfbb6c03b2e12dView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-014l-4900000000-2d56731d3ebcebf8079aView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0006-9200000000-9b3ae8fbf3992b1b2f28View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0006-9000000000-089373761153dce3ca74View in MoNA
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-00kf-9300000000-d1a7d23e7c5270b16883View in MoNA
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
1D NMR1H NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
2D NMR[1H,13C] 2D NMR SpectrumNot AvailableView in JSpectraViewer
References
References:
  • Bennett, B. D., Kimball, E. H., Gao, M., Osterhout, R., Van Dien, S. J., Rabinowitz, J. D. (2009). "Absolute metabolite concentrations and implied enzyme active site occupancy in Escherichia coli." Nat Chem Biol 5:593-599. Pubmed: 19561621
  • Boulat O, Gradwohl M, Matos V, Guignard JP, Bachmann C: Organic acids in the second morning urine in a healthy Swiss paediatric population. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2003 Dec;41(12):1642-58. Pubmed: 14708889
  • Cassidei L, Dell'atti A, Sciacovelli O: Improvement of the FeCl3 test for phenylpyruvic acid. Clin Chim Acta. 1978 Dec 1;90(2):121-7. Pubmed: 719897
  • Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114. Pubmed: 22080510
  • Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590. Pubmed: 21097882
  • Lasala JM, Coscia CJ: Accumulation of a tetrahydroisoquinoline in phenylketonuria. Science. 1979 Jan 19;203(4377):283-4. Pubmed: 153583
  • Lee SH, Kim SO, Chung BC: Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of urinary oxoacids using O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)oxime-trimethylsilyl ester derivatization and cation-exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1998 Nov 20;719(1-2):1-7. Pubmed: 9869358
  • Michals K, Matalon R: Phenylalanine metabolites, attention span and hyperactivity. Am J Clin Nutr. 1985 Aug;42(2):361-5. Pubmed: 4025205
  • Nakahara T, Ishida J, Yamaguchi M, Nakamura M: Determination of alpha-keto acids including phenylpyruvic acid in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with chemiluminescence detection. Anal Biochem. 1990 Nov 1;190(2):309-13. Pubmed: 2291475
  • Shoemaker JD, Elliott WH: Automated screening of urine samples for carbohydrates, organic and amino acids after treatment with urease. J Chromatogr. 1991 Jan 2;562(1-2):125-38. Pubmed: 2026685
  • van der Werf, M. J., Overkamp, K. M., Muilwijk, B., Coulier, L., Hankemeier, T. (2007). "Microbial metabolomics: toward a platform with full metabolome coverage." Anal Biochem 370:17-25. Pubmed: 17765195
  • Winder, C. L., Dunn, W. B., Schuler, S., Broadhurst, D., Jarvis, R., Stephens, G. M., Goodacre, R. (2008). "Global metabolic profiling of Escherichia coli cultures: an evaluation of methods for quenching and extraction of intracellular metabolites." Anal Chem 80:2939-2948. Pubmed: 18331064
  • Yannai, Shmuel. (2004) Dictionary of food compounds with CD-ROM: Additives, flavors, and ingredients. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC.
Synthesis Reference:Li, Hongbin; Luo, Yuzhong. Preparation of phenyl-pyruvic acid by dicarbonylation of benzyl halide. Faming Zhuanli Shenqing Gongkai Shuomingshu (1996), 5 pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID18005
HMDB IDHMDB00205
Pubchem Compound ID997
Kegg IDC00166
ChemSpider ID972
Wikipedia IDPhenylpyruvic_acid
BioCyc IDPHENYL-PYRUVATE
EcoCyc IDPHENYL-PYRUVATE
Ligand ExpoPPY

Enzymes

Protein Details
1. Aspartate aminotransferase
General function:
Involved in transferase activity
Specific function:
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate
Gene Name:
aspC
Uniprot ID:
P00509
Molecular weight:
43573
Reactions
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate = oxaloacetate + L-glutamate.
Protein Details
2. Aromatic-amino-acid aminotransferase
General function:
Involved in transferase activity
Specific function:
An aromatic amino acid + 2-oxoglutarate = an aromatic oxo acid + L-glutamate
Gene Name:
tyrB
Uniprot ID:
P04693
Molecular weight:
43537
Reactions
An aromatic amino acid + 2-oxoglutarate = an aromatic oxo acid + L-glutamate.
Protein Details
3. Histidinol-phosphate aminotransferase
General function:
Involved in transferase activity
Specific function:
L-histidinol phosphate + 2-oxoglutarate = 3- (imidazol-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl phosphate + L-glutamate
Gene Name:
hisC
Uniprot ID:
P06986
Molecular weight:
39360
Reactions
L-histidinol phosphate + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(imidazol-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl phosphate + L-glutamate.
Protein Details
4. D-amino acid dehydrogenase small subunit
General function:
Involved in D-amino-acid dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
Oxidative deamination of D-amino acids
Gene Name:
dadA
Uniprot ID:
P0A6J5
Molecular weight:
47607
Reactions
A D-amino acid + H(2)O + acceptor = a 2-oxo acid + NH(3) + reduced acceptor.
Protein Details
5. P-protein
General function:
Involved in chorismate mutase activity
Specific function:
Chorismate = prephenate
Gene Name:
pheA
Uniprot ID:
P0A9J8
Molecular weight:
43111
Reactions
Chorismate = prephenate.
Prephenate = phenylpyruvate + H(2)O + CO(2).
Protein Details
6. Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Acts on leucine, isoleucine and valine
Gene Name:
ilvE
Uniprot ID:
P0AB80
Molecular weight:
34093
Reactions
L-leucine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + L-glutamate.
L-isoleucine + 2-oxoglutarate = (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + L-glutamate.
L-valine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + L-glutamate.