2.02012-05-31 09:57:14 -06002015-09-13 12:56:06 -0600ECMDB00097M2MDB000036CholineCholine is a trimethylammonium compound. Choine can be used as a substrate by bacteria to generate osmoprotectants. Choline dehydrogenase (CHD) catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of the osmoprotectant glycine betaine from choline. CHD is associated with the membrane, is electron transfer-linked and oxygen dependent. (2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethyl ammonium(2-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium(b-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium(beta-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium(β-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-ethanaminium2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminiumBilineurineBiocolinaBiocolineCholineCholine cationCholine ionCholinumHepacholineHormoclineLipotrilN,N,N-Trimethylethanol-ammoniumN,N,N-TrimethylethanolammoniumNeocolinaParesanC5H14NO104.1708104.107539075(2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylazaniumcholine62-49-7C[N+](C)(C)CCOInChI=1S/C5H14NO/c1-6(2,3)4-5-7/h7H,4-5H2,1-3H3/q+1OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-NSolidCytosolExtra-organismPeriplasmlogp-3.59logs-1.59solubility3.61e+00 g/lmelting_point302-303 oC (Chloride salt)logp-4.7pka_strongest_acidic13.97pka_strongest_basic-3.2iupac(2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylazaniumaverage_mass104.1708mono_mass104.107539075smilesC[N+](C)(C)CCOformulaC5H14NOinchiInChI=1S/C5H14NO/c1-6(2,3)4-5-7/h7H,4-5H2,1-3H3/q+1inchikeyOEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-Npolar_surface_area20.23refractivity42.19polarizability12.57rotatable_bond_count2acceptor_count1donor_count1physiological_charge1formal_charge1Glycine, serine and threonine metabolismec00260Glycerophospholipid metabolismec00564ABC transportersec02010Metabolic pathwayseco01100glycine betaine biosynthesis I (Gram-negative bacteria)BETSYN-PWYSpecdb::CMs2793Specdb::CMs37292Specdb::CMs165427Specdb::CMs1049952Specdb::NmrOneD1082Specdb::NmrOneD1143Specdb::NmrOneD142150Specdb::NmrOneD142151Specdb::NmrOneD142152Specdb::NmrOneD142153Specdb::NmrOneD142154Specdb::NmrOneD142155Specdb::NmrOneD142156Specdb::NmrOneD142157Specdb::NmrOneD142158Specdb::NmrOneD142159Specdb::NmrOneD142160Specdb::NmrOneD142161Specdb::NmrOneD142162Specdb::NmrOneD142163Specdb::NmrOneD142164Specdb::NmrOneD142165Specdb::NmrOneD142166Specdb::NmrOneD142167Specdb::NmrOneD142168Specdb::NmrOneD142169Specdb::NmrOneD166459Specdb::NmrOneD166460Specdb::MsMs150Specdb::MsMs151Specdb::MsMs152Specdb::MsMs2860Specdb::MsMs2861Specdb::MsMs316963Specdb::MsMs316964Specdb::MsMs316965Specdb::MsMs445344Specdb::MsMs445345Specdb::MsMs447331Specdb::MsMs448183Specdb::MsMs448184Specdb::MsMs451952Specdb::MsMs2912294Specdb::MsMs2912295Specdb::MsMs2912296Specdb::NmrTwoD955Specdb::NmrTwoD1140HMDB00097305299C0011415354CHOLINECHTCholineKeseler, I. 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Kokai Tokkyo Koho (1999), 9 pp. http://hmdb.ca/system/metabolites/msds/000/000/067/original/HMDB00097.pdf?1358462190Glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesteraseP09394GLPQ_ECOLIglpQhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P09394.xmlGlycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase_P10908UGPQ_ECOLIugpQhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P10908.xmlCholine dehydrogenaseP17444BETA_ECOLIbetAhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P17444.xmlPutative osmoprotectant uptake system permease protein yehWP33359YEHW_ECOLIyehWhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P33359.xmlPutative osmoprotectant uptake system permease protein yehYP33361YEHY_ECOLIyehYhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P33361.xmlPutative osmoprotectant uptake system ATP-binding protein yehXP33360YEHX_ECOLIyehXhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P33360.xmlPutative osmoprotectant uptake system substrate-binding protein osmFP33362OSMF_ECOLIosmFhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P33362.xmlUncharacterized transporter YeaVP0ABD1YEAV_ECOLIyeaVhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0ABD1.xmlPutative osmoprotectant uptake system permease protein yehWP33359YEHW_ECOLIyehWhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P33359.xmlPutative osmoprotectant uptake system permease protein yehYP33361YEHY_ECOLIyehYhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P33361.xmlOuter membrane protein NP77747OMPN_ECOLIompNhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P77747.xmlHigh-affinity choline transport proteinP0ABC9BETT_ECOLIbetThttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0ABC9.xmlPutative osmoprotectant uptake system ATP-binding protein yehXP33360YEHX_ECOLIyehXhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P33360.xmlOuter membrane pore protein EP02932PHOE_ECOLIphoEhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P02932.xmlOuter membrane protein FP02931OMPF_ECOLIompFhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P02931.xmlPutative osmoprotectant uptake system substrate-binding protein osmFP33362OSMF_ECOLIosmFhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P33362.xmlOuter membrane protein CP06996OMPC_ECOLIompChttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P06996.xmlAdenosine triphosphate + Water + Choline > ADP + Choline + Hydrogen ion + PhosphateAdenosine triphosphate + Water + Choline > ADP + Choline + Hydrogen ion + PhosphateCholine + NAD > Betaine aldehyde + Hydrogen ion + NADHGlycerophosphocholine + Water > Choline + Glycerol 3-phosphate + Hydrogen ionCholine + Acceptor + Acceptor <> Betaine aldehyde + Reduced acceptor + Reduced acceptorR01025Glycerophosphocholine + Water <> Choline + Glycerol 3-phosphateR01030Choline + an oxidized electron acceptor > Betaine aldehyde + a reduced electron acceptorCHD-RXNCholine + acceptor > Betaine aldehyde + reduced acceptorGlycerophosphocholine + Water > Choline + Glycerol 3-phosphate + Hydrogen ionCholine + Acceptor <> Betaine aldehyde + Reduced acceptorGlycerophosphocholine + Water > Choline + Glycerol 3-phosphate + Hydrogen ionCholine + Acceptor <> Betaine aldehyde + Reduced acceptor