<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>2.0</version>
  <creation_date>2012-05-31 09:55:24 -0600</creation_date>
  <update_date>2015-09-13 12:56:05 -0600</update_date>
  <accession>ECMDB00023</accession>
  <m2m_id>M2MDB000005</m2m_id>
  <name>3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid</name>
  <description>3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid is a member of the chemical class known as Beta Hydroxy Acids and Derivatives. These are compounds containing a carboxylic acid substituted with a hydroxyl group on the C3 carbon atom.  3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid (or 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid) is an intermediate in the metabolism of valine. (WikiPedia)</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-b-Hydroxyisobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>(S)-b-Hydroxyisobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Methyl-L-(+)-Hydracrylate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Methyl-L-(+)-Hydracrylic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Hydroxy(iso)butyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-hydroxy(iso)butyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-(S)-Propanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-(S)-Propanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Hydroxy-isobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Hydroxy-isobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Hydroxyisobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>3-OH-iso-but</synonym>
    <synonym>3-OH-isobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>3-OH-Isobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-b-Hydroxyisobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-b-Hydroxyisobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-beta-Hydroxyisobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-beta-Hydroxyisobutyric acid</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-β-Hydroxyisobutyrate</synonym>
    <synonym>L-(+)-β-Hydroxyisobutyric acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C4H8O3</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>104.1045</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>104.047344122</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>3-hydroxyisobutyric acid</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>2068-83-9</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CC(CO)C(O)=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C4H8O3/c1-3(2-5)4(6)7/h3,5H,2H2,1H3,(H,6,7)</inchi>
  <inchikey>DBXBTMSZEOQQDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <state>Solid</state>
  <cellular_locations>
    <cellular_location>Cytoplasm</cellular_location>
    <cellular_location>Periplasm</cellular_location>
  </cellular_locations>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-0.47</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>0.74</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>5.71e+02 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>-0.26</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>4.37</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>-2.7</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>104.1045</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>104.047344122</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>CC(CO)C(O)=O</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C4H8O3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C4H8O3/c1-3(2-5)4(6)7/h3,5H,2H2,1H3,(H,6,7)</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>DBXBTMSZEOQQDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>57.53</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>23.62</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>9.99</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>-1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>51603</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>57957</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>22952</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>22953</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>22954</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>22955</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>22956</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>22957</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB00023</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id/>
  <chemspider_id>85</chemspider_id>
  <kegg_id>C01188</kegg_id>
  <chebi_id>18064</chebi_id>
  <biocyc_id>3-HYDROXY-ISOBUTYRATE</biocyc_id>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>21097882</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>22080510</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>van der Werf, M. J., Overkamp, K. M., Muilwijk, B., Coulier, L., Hankemeier, T. (2007). "Microbial metabolomics: toward a platform with full metabolome coverage." Anal Biochem 370:17-25.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>17765195</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <synthesis_reference/>
  <msds_url>http://hmdb.ca/system/metabolites/msds/000/000/016/original/HMDB00023.pdf?1358462872</msds_url>
  <enzymes>
    <enzyme>
      <name>2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase</name>
      <uniprot_id>P0ABQ2</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>GARR_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>garR</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0ABQ2.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>NADP-dependent L-serine/L-allo-threonine dehydrogenase ydfG</name>
      <uniprot_id>P39831</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>YDFG_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>ydfG</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P39831.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Uncharacterized oxidoreductase ygbJ</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q46888</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name/>
      <gene_name>ygbJ</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/Q46888.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
  </enzymes>
  <transporters>
  </transporters>
  <reactions>
    <reaction_text>3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid + NAD &lt;&gt; 2-Aminomalonate semialdehyde + NADH</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
  </reactions>
  <concentrations>
  </concentrations>
</compound>
