2.0 2015-09-08 17:50:21 -0600 2015-09-14 16:46:14 -0600 ECMDB24240 M2MDB006357 UDP-β-L-threo-pentapyranos-4-ulose UDP-beta-L-threo-pentapyranos-4-ulose is an intermediate in the polymixin resistance pathway. It is a substrate for the enzyme UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose aminotransferase which catalyzes the reaction UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-beta-L-arabinopyranose + 2-oxoglutarate = UDP-beta-L-threo-pentapyranos-4-ulose + L-glutamate. Some Gram-negative bacteria, specifically Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli, can become resistant to polymyxin by the modification of their lipid A structure via the attachment of 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinopyranose (L-Ara4N) groups to one or more phosphate groups. This addition causes an absolute increase in lipid A charge, thus lowering the affinity of positively charged polymyxins. C14H20N2O16P2 534.26 534.028806568 [({[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-oxooxan-2-yl]oxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy})phosphinic acid udp-L-ara4O O[C@@H]1[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]2OCC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O)N1C=CC(=O)NC1=O InChI=1S/C14H20N2O16P2/c17-5-3-28-13(11(22)8(5)19)31-34(26,27)32-33(24,25)29-4-6-9(20)10(21)12(30-6)16-2-1-7(18)15-14(16)23/h1-2,6,8-13,19-22H,3-4H2,(H,24,25)(H,26,27)(H,15,18,23)/t6-,8+,9-,10-,11-,12-,13-/m1/s1 URJZIQLTPCJVMW-QNSCKLTRSA-N logp -1.01 ALOGPS logs -1.55 ALOGPS solubility 1.52e+01 g/l ALOGPS logp -3.9 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 1.73 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -3.7 ChemAxon iupac [({[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-oxooxan-2-yl]oxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy]({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy})phosphinic acid ChemAxon average_mass 534.26 ChemAxon mono_mass 534.028806568 ChemAxon smiles O[C@@H]1[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]2OCC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O)N1C=CC(=O)NC1=O ChemAxon formula C14H20N2O16P2 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C14H20N2O16P2/c17-5-3-28-13(11(22)8(5)19)31-34(26,27)32-33(24,25)29-4-6-9(20)10(21)12(30-6)16-2-1-7(18)15-14(16)23/h1-2,6,8-13,19-22H,3-4H2,(H,24,25)(H,26,27)(H,15,18,23)/t6-,8+,9-,10-,11-,12-,13-/m1/s1 ChemAxon inchikey URJZIQLTPCJVMW-QNSCKLTRSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 268.15 ChemAxon refractivity 99.65 ChemAxon polarizability 42.05 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 8 ChemAxon acceptor_count 13 ChemAxon donor_count 7 ChemAxon physiological_charge -2 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism III The synthesis of amino sugars and nucleotide sugars starts with the phosphorylation of N-Acetylmuramic acid (MurNac) through its transport from the periplasmic space to the cytoplasm. Once in the cytoplasm, MurNac and water undergo a reversible reaction through a N-acetylmuramic acid 6-phosphate etherase, producing a D-lactic acid and N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate. This latter compound can also be introduced into the cytoplasm through a phosphorylating PTS permase in the inner membrane that allows for the transport of N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine from the periplasmic space. N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate can also be obtained from chitin dependent reactions. Chitin is hydrated through a bifunctional chitinase to produce chitobiose. This in turn gets hydrated by a beta-hexosaminidase to produce N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. The latter undergoes an atp dependent phosphorylation leading to the production of N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate. N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate is then be deacetylated in order to produce Glucosamine 6-phosphate through a N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase. This compound is then deaminased into Beta-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate through a glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase. Beta-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate is isomerized into a beta-D-glucose 6-phosphate through a glucose-6-phosphate isomerase. The compound is then isomerized by a putative beta-phosphoglucomutase to produce a beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate. This compound enters the nucleotide sugar metabolism through uridylation resulting in a UDP-glucose. UDP-glucose is then dehydrated through a UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase to produce a UDP-glucuronic acid. This compound undergoes a NAD dependent reaction through a bifunctional polymyxin resistance protein to produce UDP-Beta-L-threo-pentapyranos-4-ulose. This compound then reacts with L-glutamic acid through a UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose--oxoglutarate aminotransferase to produce an oxoglutaric acid and UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-beta-L-arabinopyranose The latter compound interacts with a N10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate through a bifunctional polymyxin resistance protein ArnA, resulting in a tetrahydrofolate, a hydrogen ion and a UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinopyranose, which in turn reacts with a product of the methylerythritol phosphate and polysoprenoid biosynthesis pathway, di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate to produce a 4-deoxy-4-formamido-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl ditrans, octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate. Alpha-D-glucose is introduced into the cytoplasm through a glucose PTS permease, which phosphorylates the compound in order to produce an alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate. This compound is then modified through a phosphoglucomutase 1 to yield alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate. This compound can either be adenylated to produce ADP-glucose or uridylylated to produce galactose 1-phosphate through glucose-1-phosphate adenyllyltransferase and galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase respectively. PW000895 Metabolic polymyxin resistance UDP-glucuronic acid compound undergoes a NAD dependent reaction through a bifunctional polymyxin resistance protein to produce UDP-Beta-L-threo-pentapyranos-4-ulose. This compound then reacts with L-glutamic acid through a UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose--oxoglutarate aminotransferase to produce an oxoglutaric acid and UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-beta-L-arabinopyranose The latter compound interacts with a N10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate through a bifunctional polymyxin resistance protein ArnA, resulting in a tetrahydrofolate, a hydrogen ion and a UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinopyranose, which in turn reacts with a product of the methylerythritol phosphate and polysoprenoid biosynthesis pathway, di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate to produce a 4-deoxy-4-formamido-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl ditrans, octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate. The compound 4-deoxy-4-formamido-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl ditrans, octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate hypothetically reacts with water and results in the release of a formic acid and 4-amino-4-deoxy-α-L-arabinopyranosyl ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate which in turn reacts with a KDO2-lipid A through a 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose transferase resulting in the release of a di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate and a L-Ara4N-modified KDO2-Lipid A PW002052 Metabolic Specdb::CMs 1083945 Specdb::NmrOneD 272358 Specdb::NmrOneD 272359 Specdb::NmrOneD 272360 Specdb::NmrOneD 272361 Specdb::NmrOneD 272362 Specdb::NmrOneD 272363 Specdb::NmrOneD 272364 Specdb::NmrOneD 272365 Specdb::NmrOneD 272366 Specdb::NmrOneD 272367 Specdb::NmrOneD 272368 Specdb::NmrOneD 272369 Specdb::NmrOneD 272370 Specdb::NmrOneD 272371 Specdb::NmrOneD 272372 Specdb::NmrOneD 272373 Specdb::NmrOneD 272374 Specdb::NmrOneD 272375 Specdb::NmrOneD 272376 Specdb::NmrOneD 272377 Specdb::MsMs 27188 Specdb::MsMs 27189 Specdb::MsMs 27190 Specdb::MsMs 33746 Specdb::MsMs 33747 Specdb::MsMs 33748 Bifunctional polymyxin resistance protein ArnA P77398 ARNA_ECOLI arnA http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P77398.xml UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose--oxoglutarate aminotransferase P77690 ARNB_ECOLI arnB http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P77690.xml UDP-Glucuronic acid + NAD > Carbon dioxide + NADH + UDP-β-L-threo-pentapyranos-4-ulose PW_R003356 UDP-β-L-threo-pentapyranos-4-ulose + L-Glutamic acid + L-Glutamate > Oxoglutaric acid + Uridine 5''-diphospho-{beta}-4-deoxy-4-amino-L-arabinose PW_R003357