<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>2.0</version>
  <creation_date>2012-08-09 09:25:20 -0600</creation_date>
  <update_date>2015-06-03 17:21:44 -0600</update_date>
  <accession>ECMDB21533</accession>
  <m2m_id>M2MDB001928</m2m_id>
  <name>Glycerol 1-monostearate</name>
  <description>Glycerol 1-monostearate (GMS) is a member of the chemical class known as Monoacylglycerols. These are glycerides consisting of one fatty acid chain covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through an ester linkage.  It is an organic molecule used as an emulsifier. GMS is a colorless, odorless, and sweet-tasting flaky powder that is hygroscopic. It is a glycerol ester of stearic acid.  GMS is a food additive used as a thickening, emulsifying, anti-caking, and preservative agent; an emulsifying agent for oils, waxes, and solvents; a protective coating for hygroscopic powders; a solidifier and control release agent in pharmaceuticals; and a resin lubricant. It is also used in cosmetics and hair care products. GMS is largely used in baking preparations to add "body" to the food. </description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>1-Glyceryl stearate</synonym>
    <synonym>1-Glyceryl stearic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>1-Mono-Stearin</synonym>
    <synonym>1-Monostearin</synonym>
    <synonym>1-Monostearoylglycerol</synonym>
    <synonym>2,3-Dihydroxypropyl stearate (ACD/Name 4.0)</synonym>
    <synonym>2,3-Dihydroxypropyl stearic acid (ACD/Name 4.0)</synonym>
    <synonym>3-Stearoyloxy-1,2-propanediol</synonym>
    <synonym>Aldo 33</synonym>
    <synonym>Aldo 75</synonym>
    <synonym>Aldo MSD</synonym>
    <synonym>Aldo MSLG</synonym>
    <synonym>Arlacel 165</synonym>
    <synonym>Emerest 2407</synonym>
    <synonym>Glycerin 1-monostearate</synonym>
    <synonym>Glycerin 1-monostearic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Glycerin 1-stearate</synonym>
    <synonym>Glycerin 1-stearic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Glycerol &amp;alpha</synonym>
    <synonym>Glycerol 1-monostearic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Glycerol 1-stearate</synonym>
    <synonym>Glycerol 1-stearic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>Glyceryl 1-monostearate</synonym>
    <synonym>Glyceryl 1-monostearic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>MONOSTEARIN (L)</synonym>
    <synonym>Octadecanoate, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester</synonym>
    <synonym>Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester</synonym>
    <synonym>Sandin EU</synonym>
    <synonym>Stearate &amp;alpha</synonym>
    <synonym>Stearate 1-monoglyceride</synonym>
    <synonym>Stearic acid &amp;alpha</synonym>
    <synonym>Stearic acid 1-monoglyceride</synonym>
    <synonym>Tegin</synonym>
    <synonym>Tegin 515</synonym>
    <synonym>Tegin 55G</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C21H42O4</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>358.5558</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>358.308309832</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>2,3-dihydroxypropyl octadecanoate</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>glyceryl stearate</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>123-94-4</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C21H42O4/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-21(24)25-19-20(23)18-22/h20,22-23H,2-19H2,1H3</inchi>
  <inchikey>VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <state/>
  <cellular_locations>
    <cellular_location>Membrane</cellular_location>
  </cellular_locations>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>6.73</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-5.52</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>1.08e-03 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>5.97</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>13.62</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>-3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>2,3-dihydroxypropyl octadecanoate</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>358.5558</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>358.308309832</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C21H42O4</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C21H42O4/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-21(24)25-19-20(23)18-22/h20,22-23H,2-19H2,1H3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>66.76</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>103.31</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>46.63</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>20</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>28061</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>32365</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>42345</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246768</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246769</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246770</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246771</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246772</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246773</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246774</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246775</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246776</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246777</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246778</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246779</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246780</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246781</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246782</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246783</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246784</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246785</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246786</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>246787</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>597367</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>597368</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>597369</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id>24699</pubchem_compound_id>
  <chemspider_id>23095</chemspider_id>
  <kegg_id/>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id/>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>van der Werf, M. J., Overkamp, K. M., Muilwijk, B., Coulier, L., Hankemeier, T. (2007). "Microbial metabolomics: toward a platform with full metabolome coverage." Anal Biochem 370:17-25.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>17765195</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Yurtsever D. (2007). Fatty acid methyl ester profiling of Enterococcus and Esherichia coli for microbial source tracking. M.sc. Thesis. Villanova University: U.S.A</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id/>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <synthesis_reference/>
  <msds_url/>
  <enzymes>
  </enzymes>
  <transporters>
  </transporters>
  <reactions>
  </reactions>
  <concentrations>
  </concentrations>
</compound>
