Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2012-07-30 14:54:48 -0600
Update Date2015-06-03 17:20:50 -0600
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • ECMDB21186
Identification
Name:Ammonium
DescriptionAmmonium is an important source of nitrogen for many plant and microbial species. The ammonium (more obscurely: aminium) cation is a positively charged polyatomic cation with the chemical formula NH4+. It is formed by the protonation of ammonia (NH3). Ammonium is also a general name for positively charged or protonated substituted amines and quaternary ammonium cations (NR4+), where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic radical groups (indicated by R).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms:
  • Ammonia ion
  • Ammonium
  • Ammonium chloride
  • AMMONIUM ION
  • Ammonium(1+)
  • Azanium
  • NH4+
  • NH4+
  • [NH4]+
Chemical Formula:H4N
Weight:Average: 18.0385
Monoisotopic: 18.034374133
InChI Key:QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O
InChI:InChI=1S/H3N/h1H3/p+1
CAS number:Not Available
IUPAC Name:azanium
Traditional IUPAC Name:azanium
SMILES:[NH4+]
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as homogeneous other non-metal compounds. These are inorganic non-metallic compounds in which the largest atom belongs to the class of 'other non-metals'.
KingdomInorganic compounds
Super ClassHomogeneous non-metal compounds
ClassHomogeneous other non-metal compounds
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentHomogeneous other non-metal compounds
Alternative ParentsNot Available
Substituents
  • Homogeneous other non metal
Molecular FrameworkNot Available
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State:Not Available
Charge:1
Melting point:Not Available
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility:10.2 mg/mL at 20 deg CPhysProp
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP-0.98ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)8.86ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area0 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count0ChemAxon
Refractivity16.31 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability2.38 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations:Cytoplasm
Reactions:
Adenosine triphosphate + Carbon dioxide + Ammonium <> ADP + Carbamoylphosphate +2 Hydrogen ion
L-Cystathionine + Water > L-Homocysteine + Ammonium + Pyruvic acid
L-Asparagine + Water > L-Aspartic acid + Ammonium
L-Glutamine + Water > L-Glutamate + Ammonium
Ethanolamine > Acetaldehyde + Ammonium
Glycine + NAD + Tetrahydrofolic acid > Carbon dioxide + 5,10-Methylene-THF + NADH + Ammonium
L-Threonine > 2-Ketobutyric acid + Ammonium
5 Hydrogen ion + 3 NADH + Nitrite >2 Water +3 NAD + Ammonium
L-Cysteine + Water > Hydrogen sulfide + Ammonium + Pyruvic acid
Adenosine triphosphate + L-Glutamate + Ammonium > ADP + L-Glutamine + Hydrogen ion + Phosphate
3 Ubiquinol-8 + 2 Hydrogen ion + Nitrite >3 Ubiquinone-8 +2 Water + Ammonium
3 Menaquinol 8 + 2 Hydrogen ion + Nitrite >3 Menaquinone 8 +2 Water + Ammonium
L-Serine > Ammonium + Pyruvic acid
Guanosine monophosphate + 2 Hydrogen ion + NADPH > Inosinic acid + NADP + Ammonium
Cytosine + Hydrogen ion + Water > Ammonium + Uracil
Cyanate + 3 Hydrogen ion + Hydrogen carbonate >2 Carbon dioxide + Ammonium
2,5-Diamino-6-hydroxy-4-(5-phosphoribosylamino)pyrimidine + Hydrogen ion + Water > 5-Amino-6-(5'-phosphoribosylamino)uracil + Ammonium
Adenosine triphosphate + 7-Deaza-7-carboxyguanine + Ammonium > ADP + Hydrogen ion + Water + Phosphate + 7-Cyano-7-carbaguanine
2 Hydrogen ion + Water + (S)-Ureidoglycolic acid > Carbon dioxide + Glyoxylic acid +2 Ammonium
Allantoic acid + 2 Hydrogen ion + 2 Water > Carbon dioxide +2 Ammonium + (S)-Ureidoglycolic acid
Glucosamine 6-phosphate + Water > Fructose 6-phosphate + Ammonium
3-Aminoacrylate + Hydrogen ion + Water > Malonic semialdehyde + Ammonium
D-Alanine + FAD + Water > FADH2 + Ammonium + Pyruvic acid
gamma-Glutamyl-L-putrescine + Water + Oxygen > gamma-Glutamyl-gamma-butyraldehyde + Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium
Dopamine + Water + Oxygen > 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium
Water + Oxygen + Tyramine > 4-Hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium
Water + Oxygen + Phenylethylamine > Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium + Phenylacetaldehyde
Adenosine + Hydrogen ion + Water > Inosine + Ammonium
Deoxyadenosine + Hydrogen ion + Water > Deoxyinosine + Ammonium
Water + Oxygen + Pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate > Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium + Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
Adenosine triphosphate + Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide + Ammonium > Adenosine monophosphate + Hydrogen ion + NAD + Pyrophosphate
2 Hydrogen ion + 2 Water + N2-Succinyl-L-arginine > Carbon dioxide +2 Ammonium + N2-Succinyl-L-ornithine
L-Glutamate + Water + NADP <> alpha-Ketoglutarate + Hydrogen ion + NADPH + Ammonium
Water + Niacinamide > Nicotinic acid + Ammonium
D-Cysteine + Water > Hydrogen sulfide + Ammonium + Pyruvic acid
dCTP + Hydrogen ion + Water > Deoxyuridine triphosphate + Ammonium
Deoxycytidine + Hydrogen ion + Water > Deoxyuridine + Ammonium
Cytidine + Hydrogen ion + Water > Ammonium + Uridine
D-Serine > Ammonium + Pyruvic acid
2,3-diaminopropionate + Water >2 Ammonium + Pyruvic acid
Guanine + Hydrogen ion + Water > Ammonium + Xanthine
Adenine + Hydrogen ion + Water > Hypoxanthine + Ammonium
Water + L-Tryptophan <> Indole + Ammonium + Pyruvic acid
L-Aspartic acid + Adenosine triphosphate + Ammonium > Adenosine monophosphate + L-Asparagine + Hydrogen ion + Pyrophosphate
Water + 4 Porphobilinogen > Hydroxymethylbilane +4 Ammonium
L-Aspartic acid > Fumaric acid + Ammonium
Adenosine triphosphate + Hydrogen ion + Water > Inosine triphosphate + Ammonium
Guanosine triphosphate + Hydrogen ion + Water > Ammonium + Xanthosine 5-triphosphate
dATP + Hydrogen ion + Water > 2'-Deoxyinosine triphosphate + Ammonium
Carbamic acid + 2 Hydrogen ion > Carbon dioxide + Ammonium
Ammonia + Water <> Ammonium + OH<SUP>-</SUP>
Ammonia + Hydrogen ion <> Ammonium
an electron-transfer-related quinone + Water + D-Alanine > an electron-transfer-related quinol + Ammonium + Pyruvic acid
Water + a D-amino acid + an electron-transfer-related quinone > Ammonium + a 2-oxo carboxylate + an electron-transfer-related quinol
NAD(P)H + Nitrite + Hydrogen ion > NAD(P)<sup>+</sup> + Ammonium + Water
L-Glutamic acid + Adenosine triphosphate + Ammonium + L-Glutamate > L-Glutamine + Hydrogen ion + Adenosine diphosphate + Phosphate + ADP
Oxoglutaric acid + NADPH + Ammonium + Hydrogen ion + NADPH > L-Glutamic acid + Water + NADP + L-Glutamate
L-Aspartic acid + L-Aspartic acid > Fumaric acid + Ammonium
D-Alanine + Water + Quinone > Ammonium + Pyruvic acid + Hydroquinone
D-Alanine + Water + an electron-transfer quinone > Ammonium + Pyruvic acid + electron-transfer quinol
N2-succinyl-L-arginine + 2 Water + 2 Hydrogen ion + N2-succinyl-L-arginine > Carbon dioxide +2 Ammonium + N2-Succinyl-L-ornithine
gamma-Glutamyl-L-putrescine + Oxygen + Water > 4-(γ-glutamylamino)butanal + Ammonium + Hydrogen peroxide
L-Aspartic acid + Adenosine triphosphate + Ammonium + L-Aspartic acid > L-Asparagine + Adenosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphate + Hydrogen ion + L-Asparagine
Allantoic acid + Water + 2 Hydrogen ion > Carbon dioxide + Ammonium + S-ureidoglycine
S-ureidoglycine + Water > Ammonium + (S)-Ureidoglycolic acid
Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide + Adenosine triphosphate + Ammonium > Hydrogen ion + Adenosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphate + NAD
beta-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide + Water + NMN > Ammonium + nicotinate beta-D-ribonucleotide + Nicotinamide ribotide
Glucosamine 6-phosphate + Water > Ammonium + D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate
L-Asparagine + Water + L-Asparagine > L-Aspartic acid + Ammonium + L-Aspartic acid
7-Deaza-7-carboxyguanine + Adenosine triphosphate + Ammonium > Water + Phosphate + Adenosine diphosphate + Hydrogen ion + 7-Cyano-7-carbaguanine + ADP
2,5-Diamino-6-(5'-phosphoribosylamino)-4-pyrimidineone + Water + Hydrogen ion > Ammonium + 5-Amino-6-(5'-phosphoribosylamino)uracil
2-Aminoacrylic acid + Water + Hydrogen ion > Malonic semialdehyde + Ammonium
gamma-Glutamyl-L-putrescine + Oxygen + Hydrogen ion > gamma-Glutamyl-gamma-butyraldehyde + Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium
D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + Water > Ammonium + D-tagatofuranose 6-phosphate
Carbamoylphosphate + ADP + 2 Hydrogen ion > Ammonium + Adenosine triphosphate + Carbon dioxide
Deoxyinosine + Ammonium < Water + Hydrogen ion + Deoxyadenosine
Aminoacetone + Oxygen + Water > Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium + Pyruvaldehyde
Ethanolamine > Ammonium + Acetaldehyde
More...

SMPDB Pathways:
Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism IPW000886 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism IIPW000887 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism IIIPW000895 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Asparagine biosynthesisPW000813 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
D-Alanine metabolismPW000768 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolismPW000769 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
D-serine degradationPW002101 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Flavin biosynthesisPW001971 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
L-alanine metabolismPW000788 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
L-cysteine degradationPW002110 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
L-glutamate metabolismPW000789 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
L-glutamate metabolism IIPW001886 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
L-threonine degradation to methylglyoxalPW002106 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
N-acetylneuraminate and N-acetylmannosamine and N-acetylglucosamine degradationPW002030 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
NAD biosynthesisPW000829 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
NAD salvagePW000830 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Phenylethylamine metabolismPW002027 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Porphyrin metabolismPW000936 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Propanoate metabolismPW000940 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Putrescine Degradation IIPW002054 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Pyrimidine metabolismPW000942 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Pyrimidine ribonucleosides degradtionPW002024 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Sulfur metabolismPW000922 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Tryptophan metabolismPW000815 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Uracil degradation IIIPW002026 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Vitamin B6 1430936196PW000891 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
adenine and adenosine salvage IPW002069 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
adenine and adenosine salvage IIPW002071 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
adenosine nucleotides degradationPW002091 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
allantoin degradation (anaerobic)PW002050 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
arginine metabolismPW000790 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
cyanate degradationPW002099 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
ethanolaminePW002094 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
glycolate and glyoxylate degradationPW000827 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
isoleucine biosynthesisPW000818 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
ornithine metabolismPW000791 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
preQ0 metabolismPW001893 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
purine deoxyribonucleosides degradationPW002077 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
purine ribonucleosides degradationPW002076 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
pyrimidine deoxyribonucleosides degradationPW002063 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
pyrimidine ribonucleosides degradationPW002104 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
salvage pathways of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotidesPW002061 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
serine biosynthesis and metabolismPW000809 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
sulfur metabolism (butanesulfonate)PW000923 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
sulfur metabolism (ethanesulfonate)PW000925 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
sulfur metabolism (isethionate)PW000926 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
sulfur metabolism (methanesulfonate)PW000927 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
sulfur metabolism (propanesulfonate)PW000924 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
tryptophan metabolism IIPW001916 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
KEGG Pathways:
EcoCyc Pathways:
Concentrations
Not Available
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-014i-9000000000-865a280eac64792eb43eView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-014i-9000000000-865a280eac64792eb43eView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-014i-9000000000-865a280eac64792eb43eView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-014i-9000000000-b764e01bee53b44bf449View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-014i-9000000000-b764e01bee53b44bf449View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-014i-9000000000-b764e01bee53b44bf449View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-014i-9000000000-4d3180e05bafd704562fView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-014i-9000000000-4d3180e05bafd704562fView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-014i-9000000000-4d3180e05bafd704562fView in MoNA
References
References:
  • Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590. Pubmed: 21097882
Synthesis Reference:Not Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID28938
HMDB IDHMDB0041827
Pubchem Compound ID223
Kegg IDC01342
ChemSpider ID218
WikipediaAmmonium
BioCyc IDAMMONIUM
EcoCyc IDAMMONIUM

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
L-glutamate + H(2)O + NADP(+) = 2-oxoglutarate + NH(3) + NADPH
Gene Name:
gdhA
Uniprot ID:
P00370
Molecular weight:
48581
Reactions
L-glutamate + H(2)O + NADP(+) = 2-oxoglutarate + NH(3) + NADPH.
General function:
Involved in asparaginase activity
Specific function:
L-asparagine + H(2)O = L-aspartate + NH(3)
Gene Name:
ansB
Uniprot ID:
P00805
Molecular weight:
36851
Reactions
L-asparagine + H(2)O = L-aspartate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in cyanate hydratase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the reaction of cyanate with bicarbonate to produce ammonia and carbon dioxide
Gene Name:
cynS
Uniprot ID:
P00816
Molecular weight:
17049
Reactions
Cyanate + HCO(3)(-) + 2 H(+) = NH(3) + 2 CO(2).
General function:
Involved in D-serine ammonia-lyase activity
Specific function:
D-serine = pyruvate + NH(3)
Gene Name:
dsdA
Uniprot ID:
P00926
Molecular weight:
47900
Reactions
D-serine = pyruvate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
ATP + L-aspartate + NH(3) = AMP + diphosphate + L-asparagine
Gene Name:
asnA
Uniprot ID:
P00963
Molecular weight:
36650
Reactions
ATP + L-aspartate + NH(3) = AMP + diphosphate + L-asparagine.
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the formation of alpha-ketobutyrate from threonine in a two-step reaction. The first step is a dehydration of threonine, followed by rehydration and liberation of ammonia. Deaminates L-threonine, but also L-serine to a lesser extent
Gene Name:
ilvA
Uniprot ID:
P04968
Molecular weight:
56195
Reactions
L-threonine = 2-oxobutanoate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in biosynthetic process
Specific function:
Catalyzes the biosynthesis of 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate (ADC) from chorismate and glutamine
Gene Name:
pabB
Uniprot ID:
P05041
Molecular weight:
50969
Reactions
Chorismate + L-glutamine = 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate + L-glutamate.
General function:
Involved in pyridoxal phosphate binding
Specific function:
L-cystathionine + H(2)O = L-homocysteine + NH(3) + pyruvate
Gene Name:
metC
Uniprot ID:
P06721
Molecular weight:
43212
Reactions
L-cystathionine + H(2)O = L-homocysteine + NH(3) + pyruvate.
General function:
Involved in hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity
Specific function:
Tetrapolymerization of the monopyrrole PBG into the hydroxymethylbilane pre-uroporphyrinogen in several discrete steps
Gene Name:
hemC
Uniprot ID:
P06983
Molecular weight:
33851
Reactions
4 porphobilinogen + H(2)O = hydroxymethylbilane + 4 NH(3).
General function:
Involved in oxidation-reduction process
Specific function:
Ammonium hydroxide + 3 NAD(P)(+) + H(2)O = nitrite + 3 NAD(P)H
Gene Name:
nirB
Uniprot ID:
P08201
Molecular weight:
93121
Reactions
Ammonium hydroxide + 3 NAD(P)(+) + H(2)O = nitrite + 3 NAD(P)H.
General function:
Involved in D-amino-acid dehydrogenase activity
Specific function:
Oxidative deamination of D-amino acids
Gene Name:
dadA
Uniprot ID:
P0A6J5
Molecular weight:
47607
Reactions
A D-amino acid + H(2)O + acceptor = a 2-oxo acid + NH(3) + reduced acceptor.
General function:
Involved in glutaminase activity
Specific function:
L-glutamine + H(2)O = L-glutamate + NH(3)
Gene Name:
glsA2
Uniprot ID:
P0A6W0
Molecular weight:
33515
Reactions
L-glutamine + H(2)O = L-glutamate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in carbohydrate metabolic process
Specific function:
Catalyzes the reversible isomerization-deamination of glucosamine 6-phosphate (GlcN6P) to form fructose 6-phosphate (Fru6P) and ammonium ion
Gene Name:
nagB
Uniprot ID:
P0A759
Molecular weight:
29774
Reactions
D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H(2)O = D-fructose 6-phosphate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in lyase activity
Specific function:
L-tryptophan + H(2)O = indole + pyruvate + NH(3)
Gene Name:
tnaA
Uniprot ID:
P0A853
Molecular weight:
52773
Reactions
L-tryptophan + H(2)O = indole + pyruvate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in asparaginase activity
Specific function:
L-asparagine + H(2)O = L-aspartate + NH(3)
Gene Name:
ansA
Uniprot ID:
P0A962
Molecular weight:
37127
Reactions
L-asparagine + H(2)O = L-aspartate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in glutamate-ammonia ligase activity
Specific function:
ATP + L-glutamate + NH(3) = ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine
Gene Name:
glnA
Uniprot ID:
P0A9C5
Molecular weight:
51903
Reactions
ATP + L-glutamate + NH(3) = ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine.
General function:
Involved in nitrite reductase [NAD(P)H] activity
Specific function:
Required for activity of the reductase
Gene Name:
nirD
Uniprot ID:
P0A9I8
Molecular weight:
12284
Reactions
Ammonium hydroxide + 3 NAD(P)(+) + H(2)O = nitrite + 3 NAD(P)H.
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the glycine cleavage system as well as of the alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes
Gene Name:
lpdA
Uniprot ID:
P0A9P0
Molecular weight:
50688
Reactions
Protein N(6)-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine + NAD(+) = protein N(6)-(lipoyl)lysine + NADH.
General function:
Involved in zinc ion binding
Specific function:
This enzyme scavenge exogenous and endogenous cytidine and 2'-deoxycytidine for UMP synthesis
Gene Name:
cdd
Uniprot ID:
P0ABF6
Molecular weight:
31539
Reactions
Cytidine + H(2)O = uridine + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in nitrogen compound metabolic process
Specific function:
Plays a role in nitrite reduction
Gene Name:
nrfA
Uniprot ID:
P0ABK9
Molecular weight:
53703
Reactions
NH(3) + 2 H(2)O + 6 ferricytochrome c = nitrite + 6 ferrocytochrome c + 7 H(+).
General function:
Involved in aspartate ammonia-lyase activity
Specific function:
L-aspartate = fumarate + NH(3)
Gene Name:
aspA
Uniprot ID:
P0AC38
Molecular weight:
52356
Reactions
L-aspartate = fumarate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Ethanolamine = acetaldehyde + NH(3)
Gene Name:
eutB
Uniprot ID:
P0AEJ6
Molecular weight:
49403
Reactions
Ethanolamine = acetaldehyde + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Acts on both serine and threonine, and properly considered as a hydroxy amino acid deaminase
Gene Name:
tdcB
Uniprot ID:
P0AGF6
Molecular weight:
35232
Reactions
L-threonine = 2-oxobutanoate + NH(3).
L-serine = pyruvate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in L-serine ammonia-lyase activity
Specific function:
Deaminates also threonine, particularly when it is present in high concentration
Gene Name:
sdaA
Uniprot ID:
P16095
Molecular weight:
48906
Reactions
L-serine = pyruvate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in NAD+ synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes a key step in NAD biosynthesis, transforming deamido-NAD into NAD by a two-step reaction
Gene Name:
nadE
Uniprot ID:
P18843
Molecular weight:
30637
Reactions
ATP + deamido-NAD(+) + NH(3) = AMP + diphosphate + NAD(+).
General function:
Involved in ethanolamine ammonia-lyase activity
Specific function:
Ethanolamine = acetaldehyde + NH(3)
Gene Name:
eutC
Uniprot ID:
P19636
Molecular weight:
31781
Reactions
Ethanolamine = acetaldehyde + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Nicotinamide + H(2)O = nicotinate + NH(3)
Gene Name:
pncA
Uniprot ID:
P21369
Molecular weight:
23362
Reactions
Nicotinamide + H(2)O = nicotinate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity
Specific function:
ATP + L-aspartate + L-glutamine + H(2)O = AMP + diphosphate + L-asparagine + L-glutamate
Gene Name:
asnB
Uniprot ID:
P22106
Molecular weight:
62659
Reactions
ATP + L-aspartate + L-glutamine + H(2)O = AMP + diphosphate + L-asparagine + L-glutamate.
General function:
Involved in deaminase activity
Specific function:
Adenosine + H(2)O = inosine + NH(3)
Gene Name:
add
Uniprot ID:
P22333
Molecular weight:
36397
Reactions
Adenosine + H(2)O = inosine + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in transferase activity
Specific function:
Acts as a beta-cystathionase and as a repressor of the maltose regulon
Gene Name:
malY
Uniprot ID:
P23256
Molecular weight:
43641
Reactions
L-cystathionine + H(2)O = L-homocysteine + NH(3) + pyruvate.
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds
Specific function:
Cytosine + H(2)O = uracil + NH(3)
Gene Name:
codA
Uniprot ID:
P25524
Molecular weight:
47591
Reactions
Cytosine + H(2)O = uracil + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in zinc ion binding
Specific function:
Converts 2,5-diamino-6-(ribosylamino)-4(3h)-pyrimidinone 5'-phosphate into 5-amino-6-(ribosylamino)-2,4(1h,3h)- pyrimidinedione 5'-phosphate
Gene Name:
ribD
Uniprot ID:
P25539
Molecular weight:
40338
Reactions
2,5-diamino-6-hydroxy-4-(5-phosphoribosylamino)pyrimidine + H(2)O = 5-amino-6-(5-phosphoribosylamino)uracil + NH(3).
5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)uracil + NADP(+) = 5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil + NADPH.
General function:
Involved in aminomethyltransferase activity
Specific function:
The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine
Gene Name:
gcvT
Uniprot ID:
P27248
Molecular weight:
40146
Reactions
[Protein]-S(8)-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine + tetrahydrofolate = [protein]-dihydrolipoyllysine + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in dCTP deaminase activity
Specific function:
dCTP + H(2)O = dUTP + NH(3)
Gene Name:
dcd
Uniprot ID:
P28248
Molecular weight:
21249
Reactions
dCTP + H(2)O = dUTP + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in L-serine ammonia-lyase activity
Specific function:
Deaminates also threonine, particularly when it is present in high concentration
Gene Name:
sdaB
Uniprot ID:
P30744
Molecular weight:
48753
Reactions
L-serine = pyruvate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in adenine deaminase activity
Specific function:
Adenine + H(2)O = hypoxanthine + NH(3)
Gene Name:
ade
Uniprot ID:
P31441
Molecular weight:
63739
Reactions
Adenine + H(2)O = hypoxanthine + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity
Specific function:
The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine. The P protein binds the alpha-amino group of glycine through its pyridoxal phosphate cofactor; CO(2) is released and the remaining methylamine moiety is then transferred to the lipoamide cofactor of the H protein
Gene Name:
gcvP
Uniprot ID:
P33195
Molecular weight:
104376
Reactions
Glycine + H-protein-lipoyllysine = H-protein-S-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine + CO(2).
General function:
Involved in cellular amino acid biosynthetic process
Specific function:
ATP + NH(3) + CO(2) = ADP + carbamoyl phosphate
Gene Name:
arcC
Uniprot ID:
P37306
Molecular weight:
31644
Reactions
ATP + NH(3) + CO(2) = ADP + carbamoyl phosphate.
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity
Specific function:
May be involved in glutathione, and possibly other peptide, transport, although these results could also be due to polar effects of disruption
Gene Name:
iaaA
Uniprot ID:
P37595
Molecular weight:
33394
Reactions
Cleavage of a beta-linked Asp residue from the N-terminus of a polypeptide.
General function:
Involved in oxidoreductase activity
Specific function:
Involved in the breakdown of putrescine via the oxidation of L-glutamylputrescine
Gene Name:
puuB
Uniprot ID:
P37906
Molecular weight:
47169
Reactions
Gamma-glutamylputrescine + H(2)O + O(2) = Gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyraldehyde + NH(3) + H(2)O(2).
General function:
Involved in L-serine ammonia-lyase activity
Specific function:
L-serine = pyruvate + NH(3)
Gene Name:
tdcG
Uniprot ID:
P42630
Molecular weight:
48521
Reactions
L-serine = pyruvate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in copper ion binding
Specific function:
The enzyme prefers aromatic over aliphatic amines
Gene Name:
tynA
Uniprot ID:
P46883
Molecular weight:
84378
Reactions
RCH(2)NH(2) + H(2)O + O(2) = RCHO + NH(3) + H(2)O(2).
2-phenylethylamine + H(2)O + O(2) = phenylacetaldehyde + NH(3) + H(2)O(2).
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the irreversible NADPH-dependent deamination of GMP to IMP. It functions in the conversion of nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide derivatives of G to A nucleotides, and in maintaining the intracellular balance of A and G nucleotides
Gene Name:
guaC
Uniprot ID:
P60560
Molecular weight:
37383
Reactions
Inosine 5'-phosphate + NH(3) + NADP(+) = guanosine 5'-phosphate + NADPH.
General function:
Involved in diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the alpha,beta-elimination reaction of both L- and D-alpha,beta-diaminopropionate, the most suitable substrates to form pyruvate and ammonia. The L- and D-isomers of serine are also degraded, though slowly; it is the only serine dehydratase which can eliminate an amino group at the beta-carbon position
Gene Name:
ygeX
Uniprot ID:
P66899
Molecular weight:
43327
Reactions
2,3-diaminopropionate + H(2)O = pyruvate + 2 NH(3).
General function:
Involved in N-succinylarginine dihydrolase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of N(2)-succinylarginine into N(2)-succinylornithine, ammonia and CO(2)
Gene Name:
astB
Uniprot ID:
P76216
Molecular weight:
49298
Reactions
N(2)-succinyl-L-arginine + 2 H(2)O = N(2)-succinyl-L-ornithine + 2 NH(3) + CO(2).
General function:
Involved in D-cysteine desulfhydrase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the alpha,beta-elimination reaction of D- cysteine and of several D-cysteine derivatives. It could be a defense mechanism against D-cysteine. Can also catalyze the degradation of 3-chloro-D-alanine
Gene Name:
dcyD
Uniprot ID:
P76316
Molecular weight:
35153
Reactions
D-cysteine + H(2)O = H(2)S + NH(3) + pyruvate.
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of guanine, producing xanthine and ammonia
Gene Name:
guaD
Uniprot ID:
P76641
Molecular weight:
50244
Reactions
Guanine + H(2)O = xanthine + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amidines
Specific function:
Involved in the anaerobic utilization of allantoin. Converts allantoate to (S)-ureidoglycolate and ammonia
Gene Name:
allC
Uniprot ID:
P77425
Molecular weight:
45694
General function:
Involved in glutaminase activity
Specific function:
L-glutamine + H(2)O = L-glutamate + NH(3)
Gene Name:
glsA1
Uniprot ID:
P77454
Molecular weight:
32903
Reactions
L-glutamine + H(2)O = L-glutamate + NH(3).
General function:
Involved in cellular amino acid biosynthetic process
Specific function:
Specific function unknown
Gene Name:
yahI
Uniprot ID:
P77624
Molecular weight:
33931
General function:
Involved in ureidoglycolate hydrolase activity
Specific function:
Involved in the anaerobic utilization of allantoin. Reinforces the induction of genes involved in the degradation of allantoin and glyoxylate by producing glyoxylate
Gene Name:
allA
Uniprot ID:
P77731
Molecular weight:
18169
Reactions
(S)-ureidoglycolate + H(2)O = glyoxylate + 2 NH(3) + CO(2).
General function:
Involved in glutamate-ammonia ligase activity
Specific function:
Involved in the breakdown of putrescine via the biosynthesis of gamma-L-glutamylputrescine
Gene Name:
puuA
Uniprot ID:
P78061
Molecular weight:
53177
Reactions
ATP + L-glutamate + putrescine = ADP + phosphate + gamma-L-glutamylputrescine.
General function:
Involved in cellular amino acid biosynthetic process
Specific function:
Specific function unknown
Gene Name:
yqeA
Uniprot ID:
Q46807
Molecular weight:
33071
General function:
Inorganic ion transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Probably involved in the transfer of electrons from the quinone pool to the type-c cytochromes
Gene Name:
nrfD
Uniprot ID:
P32709
Molecular weight:
35042
General function:
Involved in electron carrier activity
Specific function:
Probably involved in the transfer of electrons from the quinone pool to the type-c cytochromes
Gene Name:
nrfC
Uniprot ID:
P0AAK7
Molecular weight:
24567
General function:
Involved in argininosuccinate synthase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of 7-carboxy-7- deazaguanine (CDG) to 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ(0))
Gene Name:
queC
Uniprot ID:
P77756
Molecular weight:
25514
Reactions
7-carboxy-7-carbaguanine + NH(3) + ATP = 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine + ADP + phosphate + H(2)O.
General function:
Involved in heme binding
Specific function:
Plays a role in nitrite reduction
Gene Name:
nrfB
Uniprot ID:
P0ABL1
Molecular weight:
20714
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides
Specific function:
Makes part of the rut operon, which is required for the utilization of pyrimidines as sole nitrogen source
Gene Name:
rutD
Uniprot ID:
P75895
Molecular weight:
28898
Reactions
(Z)-3-aminoacrylate + H(2)O = malonate semialdehyde + NH(3).
General function:
Amino acid transport and metabolism
Specific function:
The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine. The H protein shuttles the methylamine group of glycine from the P protein to the T protein
Gene Name:
gcvH
Uniprot ID:
P0A6T9
Molecular weight:
13811
General function:
Coenzyme transport and metabolism
Specific function:
Catalyzes the oxidation of either pyridoxine 5'- phosphate (PNP) or pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP) into pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)
Gene Name:
pdxH
Uniprot ID:
P0AFI7
Molecular weight:
25545
Reactions
Pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + H(2)O + O(2) = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + NH(3) + H(2)O(2).
Pyridoxine 5'-phosphate + O(2) = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + H(2)O(2).
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Not Available
Gene Name:
ylbA
Uniprot ID:
P75713
Molecular weight:
Not Available
General function:
pyridine nucleotide biosynthetic process
Specific function:
Has nicotinamidemononucleotide (NMN) aminohydrolase activity, not active on other substrates.
Gene Name:
pncC
Uniprot ID:
P0A6G3
Molecular weight:
17581
Reactions
Beta-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide + H(2)O = beta-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide + NH(3)

Transporters

General function:
Involved in ammonium transmembrane transporter activity
Specific function:
Involved in the uptake of ammonia
Gene Name:
amtB
Uniprot ID:
P69681
Molecular weight:
44514
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Non-specific porin
Gene Name:
ompN
Uniprot ID:
P77747
Molecular weight:
41220
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Uptake of inorganic phosphate, phosphorylated compounds, and some other negatively charged solutes
Gene Name:
phoE
Uniprot ID:
P02932
Molecular weight:
38922
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
OmpF is a porin that forms passive diffusion pores which allow small molecular weight hydrophilic materials across the outer membrane. It is also a receptor for the bacteriophage T2
Gene Name:
ompF
Uniprot ID:
P02931
Molecular weight:
39333
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Forms passive diffusion pores which allow small molecular weight hydrophilic materials across the outer membrane
Gene Name:
ompC
Uniprot ID:
P06996
Molecular weight:
40368