Record Information
Version2.0
Creation Date2012-05-31 14:06:15 -0600
Update Date2015-09-13 12:56:14 -0600
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • ECMDB04139
Identification
Name:Potassium
DescriptionPotassium is an essential electrolyte and part of many minerals. Potassium ion is a major intracellular cation in bacteria, plants and animals. It is necessary for the function of all living cells. There are a number of of potassium transport systems that regulate the intracellular potassium concentration.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms:
  • K+
  • Kalium
  • Potassium
  • Potassium (ion)
  • Potassium (K+)
  • Potassium cation
  • Potassium ion
  • Potassium ion (K+)
  • Potassium ion (K1+)
  • Potassium ion(+)
  • Potassium ion(1+)
  • Potassium monocation
  • Potassium(+)
  • Potassium(1+)
  • Potassium(1+) ion
  • Potassium(I) cation
Chemical Formula:K
Weight:Average: 39.0983
Monoisotopic: 38.963706861
InChI Key:NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI:InChI=1S/K/q+1
CAS number:7440-09-7
IUPAC Name:potassium(1+) ion
Traditional IUPAC Name:potassium(1+) ion
SMILES:[K+]
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as homogeneous alkali metal compounds. These are inorganic compounds containing only metal atoms,with the largest atom being a alkali metal atom.
KingdomInorganic compounds
Super ClassHomogeneous metal compounds
ClassHomogeneous alkali metal compounds
Sub ClassNot Available
Direct ParentHomogeneous alkali metal compounds
Alternative ParentsNot Available
Substituents
  • Homogeneous alkali metal
Molecular FrameworkNot Available
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
State:Solid
Charge:1
Melting point:63.2 °C
Experimental Properties:
PropertyValueSource
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP0.2ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)3.09ChemAxon
Physiological Charge1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count0ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count0ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area0 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count0ChemAxon
Refractivity0 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability1.78 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterYesChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations:Cytoplasm
Reactions:
SMPDB Pathways:
Folate biosynthesisPW000908 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Pyrimidine metabolismPW000942 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
Thiamin diphosphate biosynthesisPW002028 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
purine nucleotides de novo biosynthesisPW000910 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
purine nucleotides de novo biosynthesis 1435709748PW000960 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
purine nucleotides de novo biosynthesis 2PW002033 ThumbThumb?image type=greyscaleThumb?image type=simple
KEGG Pathways:
EcoCyc Pathways:Not Available
Concentrations
ConcentrationStrainMediaGrowth StatusGrowth SystemTemperatureDetails
9600± 1100 uMK1216 mM NaH2PO4; 32 mM Na2HPO4; 5 mM (NH4)2SO4; 40 mM NaCl; 5 mM KCl; 0.4 mM MgSO4, 55 mM glucoseStationary Phase (50 mM chloride in media)Shake flask37 oCPMID: 13909522
224000± 8000 uMK1216 mM NaH2PO4; 32 mM Na2HPO4; 5 mM (NH4)2SO4; 40 mM NaCl; 5 mM KCl; 0.4 mM MgSO4, 55 mM glucoseMid-Log Phase (50 mM chloride in media)Shake flask37 oCPMID: 13909522
225000± 25000 uMK-12Not AvailableNot AvailableNot AvailableNot Available1. Cybercell Database: http://ccdb.wishartlab.com/CCDB/cgi-bin/STAT_NEW.cgi
2. Phillips R., Kondev, J., Theriot, J. (2008) “Physical Biology of the Cell” Garland Science, New York, NY.
Find out more about how we convert literature concentrations.
Spectra
Spectra:
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash Key
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-560fc6f738e9570ec8a2View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-560fc6f738e9570ec8a2View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-560fc6f738e9570ec8a2View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-bcbe5ea7d5d32f6a9598View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-bcbe5ea7d5d32f6a9598View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-bcbe5ea7d5d32f6a9598View in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-e11fed6c31524d9e4d2cView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-e11fed6c31524d9e4d2cView in MoNA
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-000i-9000000000-e11fed6c31524d9e4d2cView in MoNA
References
References:
  • Beede DK: Mineral and water nutrition. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 1991 Jul;7(2):373-90. Pubmed: 1893277
  • Brooks G: Potassium additive algorithm for use in continuous renal replacement therapy. Nurs Crit Care. 2006 Nov-Dec;11(6):273-80. Pubmed: 17883675
  • Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114. Pubmed: 22080510
  • Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590. Pubmed: 21097882
  • Preuss HG: Diet, genetics and hypertension. J Am Coll Nutr. 1997 Aug;16(4):296-305. Pubmed: 9263178
  • Schaafsma A, de Vries PJ, Saris WH: Delay of natural bone loss by higher intakes of specific minerals and vitamins. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2001 May;41(4):225-49. Pubmed: 11401244
  • SCHULTZ, S. G., WILSON, N. L., EPSTEIN, W. (1962). "Cation transport in Escherichia coli. II. Intracellular chloride concentration." J Gen Physiol 46:159-166. Pubmed: 13909522
Synthesis Reference:Alberti, Augusto. Recovering potassium salts from the refuse liquor of the manufacture of tartaric acid. (1910), US 957295 19100510 CAN 4:13164 AN 1910:13164
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
External Links:
ResourceLink
CHEBI ID26216
HMDB IDHMDB00586
Pubchem Compound ID813
Kegg IDC00238
ChemSpider ID791
WikipediaPotassium
BioCyc IDK+
EcoCyc IDK+
Ligand ExpoK

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in potassium-transporting ATPase activity
Specific function:
One of the components of the high-affinity ATP-driven potassium transport (or KDP) system, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of hydrogen and potassium ions
Gene Name:
kdpA
Uniprot ID:
P03959
Molecular weight:
59189
Reactions
ATP + H(2)O + K(+)(Out) = ADP + phosphate + K(+)(In).
General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
One of the components of the high-affinity ATP-driven potassium transport (or KDP) system, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of hydrogen and potassium ions
Gene Name:
kdpB
Uniprot ID:
P03960
Molecular weight:
72198
Reactions
ATP + H(2)O + K(+)(Out) = ADP + phosphate + K(+)(In).
General function:
Involved in potassium-transporting ATPase activity
Specific function:
One of the components of the high-affinity ATP-driven potassium transport (or KDP) system, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of hydrogen and potassium ions. The C subunit may be involved in assembly of the KDP complex
Gene Name:
kdpC
Uniprot ID:
P03961
Molecular weight:
20267
Reactions
ATP + H(2)O + K(+)(Out) = ADP + phosphate + K(+)(In).
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Specific function unknown
Gene Name:
kdpF
Uniprot ID:
P36937
Molecular weight:
3072

Transporters

General function:
Involved in potassium-transporting ATPase activity
Specific function:
One of the components of the high-affinity ATP-driven potassium transport (or KDP) system, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of hydrogen and potassium ions
Gene Name:
kdpA
Uniprot ID:
P03959
Molecular weight:
59189
Reactions
ATP + H(2)O + K(+)(Out) = ADP + phosphate + K(+)(In).
General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
One of the components of the high-affinity ATP-driven potassium transport (or KDP) system, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of hydrogen and potassium ions
Gene Name:
kdpB
Uniprot ID:
P03960
Molecular weight:
72198
Reactions
ATP + H(2)O + K(+)(Out) = ADP + phosphate + K(+)(In).
General function:
Involved in potassium-transporting ATPase activity
Specific function:
One of the components of the high-affinity ATP-driven potassium transport (or KDP) system, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of hydrogen and potassium ions. The C subunit may be involved in assembly of the KDP complex
Gene Name:
kdpC
Uniprot ID:
P03961
Molecular weight:
20267
Reactions
ATP + H(2)O + K(+)(Out) = ADP + phosphate + K(+)(In).
General function:
Involved in transmembrane transport
Specific function:
Efflux pump driven by the proton motive force. Confers resistance to basic, aromatic and lipophilic drugs as well as neutral, non-aromatic, zwitterionic or non-aromatic hydrophilic antibiotics
Gene Name:
cmr
Uniprot ID:
P0AEY8
Molecular weight:
44320
General function:
Involved in cation transmembrane transporter activity
Specific function:
Low-affinity potassium transport system. Interacts with trk system potassium uptake protein trkA. TrkE increases the affinity of the system
Gene Name:
trkG
Uniprot ID:
P23849
Molecular weight:
53943
General function:
Involved in cation transmembrane transporter activity
Specific function:
According to PubMed:8496184 the natural activity of this protein is as a calcium/proton antiporter, but it can act as a weak sodium/proton antiporter. The presence of a preferred substrate and normal pH cytoplasmic values might prevent significant sodium/proton antiporter activity
Gene Name:
chaA
Uniprot ID:
P31801
Molecular weight:
39168
General function:
Involved in potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific function:
Responsible for the low-affinity transport of potassium into the cell, with the probable concomitant uptake of protons (symport system). Can also transport cesium
Gene Name:
kup
Uniprot ID:
P63183
Molecular weight:
69293
General function:
Involved in cation transmembrane transporter activity
Specific function:
Part of the constitutive potassium transport systems trkG and trkH. May regulate the transport activity of trkG and trkH systems. Binds to NAD+ and NADH
Gene Name:
trkA
Uniprot ID:
P0AGI8
Molecular weight:
50367
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Non-specific porin
Gene Name:
ompN
Uniprot ID:
P77747
Molecular weight:
41220
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Uptake of inorganic phosphate, phosphorylated compounds, and some other negatively charged solutes
Gene Name:
phoE
Uniprot ID:
P02932
Molecular weight:
38922
General function:
Involved in cation transmembrane transporter activity
Specific function:
Low-affinity potassium transport system. Interacts with trk system potassium uptake protein trkA and requires trkE for transport activity
Gene Name:
trkH
Uniprot ID:
P0AFZ7
Molecular weight:
52959
General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
Involved in a peptide intake transport system that plays a role in the resistance to antimicrobial peptides
Gene Name:
sapD
Uniprot ID:
P0AAH4
Molecular weight:
37660
General function:
Involved in solute:hydrogen antiporter activity
Specific function:
Transport system that facilitates potassium-efflux, possibly by potassium-proton antiport
Gene Name:
kefC
Uniprot ID:
P03819
Molecular weight:
67795
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
OmpF is a porin that forms passive diffusion pores which allow small molecular weight hydrophilic materials across the outer membrane. It is also a receptor for the bacteriophage T2
Gene Name:
ompF
Uniprot ID:
P02931
Molecular weight:
39333
General function:
Involved in solute:hydrogen antiporter activity
Specific function:
Transport system that facilitates potassium-efflux, possibly by potassium-proton antiport
Gene Name:
kefB
Uniprot ID:
P45522
Molecular weight:
66411
General function:
Not Available
Specific function:
Specific function unknown
Gene Name:
kdpF
Uniprot ID:
P36937
Molecular weight:
3072
General function:
Involved in transporter activity
Specific function:
Forms passive diffusion pores which allow small molecular weight hydrophilic materials across the outer membrane
Gene Name:
ompC
Uniprot ID:
P06996
Molecular weight:
40368
General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
May play a role in the defense against osmotic shock
Gene Name:
kch
Uniprot ID:
P31069
Molecular weight:
46062