2.0 2012-05-31 14:04:37 -0600 2015-09-13 12:56:13 -0600 ECMDB04087 M2MDB000603 Myoinositol Inositol is a cyclic polyalcohol. It exists in nine possible stereoisomers, of which the most prominent form, widely occurring in nature, is cis-1,2,3,5-trans-4,6-cyclohexanehexol, or myo-inositol. It is an isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin. Foods containing the highest concentrations of myo-inositol include fruits, beans, grains and nuts. <i>meso</i>-inositol Chiro-inositol Cis-1,2,3,5-trans-4,6-Cyclohexanehexol Dambose I-Inositol Inositol Iso-Inositol M-Inositol Meat sugar Meso-Inositol Mesoinositol MI Myo-Inositol Myoinosite Myoinositol Phaseomannite Rat antispectacled eye factor C6H12O6 180.1559 180.063388116 (1R,2R,3r,4S,5S,6s)-cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol L-inositol 87-89-8 O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2(8)4(10)6(12)5(11)3(1)9/h1-12H/t1-,2-,3-,4+,5-,6- CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N Solid Cytoplasm Periplasm logp -2.59 ALOGPS logs 0.43 ALOGPS solubility 4.85e+02 g/l ALOGPS melting_point 225 oC logp -3.8 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 12.29 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -3.6 ChemAxon iupac (1R,2R,3r,4S,5S,6s)-cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol ChemAxon average_mass 180.1559 ChemAxon mono_mass 180.063388116 ChemAxon smiles O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O ChemAxon formula C6H12O6 ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2(8)4(10)6(12)5(11)3(1)9/h1-12H/t1-,2-,3-,4+,5-,6- ChemAxon inchikey CDAISMWEOUEBRE-GPIVLXJGSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 121.38 ChemAxon refractivity 35.77 ChemAxon polarizability 16.14 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 0 ChemAxon acceptor_count 6 ChemAxon donor_count 6 ChemAxon physiological_charge 0 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Galactose metabolism Galactose can be synthesized through two pathways: melibiose degradation involving an alpha galactosidase and lactose degradation involving a beta galactosidase. Melibiose is first transported inside the cell through the melibiose:Li+/Na+/H+ symporter. Once inside the cell, melibiose is degraded through alpha galactosidase into an alpha-D-galactose and a beta-D-glucose. The beta-D-glucose is phosphorylated by a glucokinase to produce a beta-D-glucose-6-phosphate which can spontaneously be turned into a alpha D glucose 6 phosphate. This alpha D-glucose-6-phosphate is metabolized into a glucose -1-phosphate through a phosphoglucomutase-1. The glucose -1-phosphate is transformed into a uridine diphosphate glucose through UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase. The product, uridine diphosphate glucose, can undergo a reversible reaction in which it can be turned into uridine diphosphategalactose through an UDP-glucose 4-epimerase. Galactose can also be produced by lactose degradation involving a lactose permease to uptake lactose from the environment and a beta-galactosidase to turn lactose into Beta-D-galactose. Beta-D-galactose can also be uptaken from the environment through a galactose proton symporter. Galactose is degraded through the following process: Beta-D-galactose is introduced into the cytoplasm through a galactose proton symporter, or it can be synthesized from an alpha lactose that is introduced into the cytoplasm through a lactose permease. Alpha lactose interacts with water through a beta-galactosidase resulting in a beta-D-glucose and beta-D-galactose. Beta-D-galactose is isomerized into D-galactose. D-Galactose undergoes phosphorylation through a galactokinase, hence producing galactose 1 phosphate. On the other side of the pathway, a gluose-1-phosphate (product of the interaction of alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate with a phosphoglucomutase resulting in a alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate, an isomer of Glucose 1-phosphate, or an isomer of Beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate) interacts with UTP and a hydrogen ion in order to produce a uridine diphosphate glucose. This is followed by the interaction of galactose-1-phosphate with an established amount of uridine diphosphate glucose through a galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, which in turn output a glucose-1-phosphate and a uridine diphosphate galactose. The glucose -1-phosphate is transformed into a uridine diphosphate glucose through UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase. The product, uridine diphosphate glucose, can undergo a reversible reaction in which it can be turned into uridine diphosphategalactose through an UDP-glucose 4-epimerase, and so the cycle can keep going as long as more lactose or galactose is imported into the cell PW000821 ec00052 Metabolic Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism ec00053 Inositol phosphate metabolism ec00562 Streptomycin biosynthesis ec00521 Microbial metabolism in diverse environments ec01120 Specdb::CMs 467 Specdb::CMs 468 Specdb::CMs 469 Specdb::CMs 470 Specdb::CMs 471 Specdb::CMs 1779 Specdb::CMs 2665 Specdb::CMs 30387 Specdb::CMs 30388 Specdb::CMs 30577 Specdb::CMs 30757 Specdb::CMs 31076 Specdb::CMs 37360 Specdb::CMs 148388 Specdb::CMs 1054112 Specdb::CMs 1054113 Specdb::CMs 1054115 Specdb::CMs 1054117 Specdb::CMs 1054118 Specdb::CMs 1054120 Specdb::CMs 1054122 Specdb::CMs 1054124 Specdb::CMs 1054126 Specdb::CMs 1054127 Specdb::CMs 1054129 Specdb::NmrOneD 1200 Specdb::NmrOneD 1205 Specdb::NmrOneD 4783 Specdb::NmrOneD 142930 Specdb::NmrOneD 142931 Specdb::NmrOneD 142932 Specdb::NmrOneD 142933 Specdb::NmrOneD 142934 Specdb::NmrOneD 142935 Specdb::NmrOneD 142936 Specdb::NmrOneD 142937 Specdb::NmrOneD 142938 Specdb::NmrOneD 142939 Specdb::NmrOneD 142940 Specdb::NmrOneD 142941 Specdb::NmrOneD 142942 Specdb::NmrOneD 142943 Specdb::NmrOneD 142944 Specdb::NmrOneD 142945 Specdb::NmrOneD 142946 Specdb::NmrOneD 142947 Specdb::NmrOneD 142948 Specdb::NmrOneD 142949 Specdb::NmrOneD 166507 Specdb::NmrOneD 166630 Specdb::MsMs 343 Specdb::MsMs 344 Specdb::MsMs 345 Specdb::MsMs 178635 Specdb::MsMs 178636 Specdb::MsMs 178637 Specdb::MsMs 180954 Specdb::MsMs 180955 Specdb::MsMs 180956 Specdb::MsMs 1472956 Specdb::MsMs 1472957 Specdb::MsMs 1472958 Specdb::MsMs 1472959 Specdb::MsMs 1472960 Specdb::MsMs 1472961 Specdb::MsMs 1472962 Specdb::MsMs 1472963 Specdb::MsMs 1472964 Specdb::MsMs 1472965 Specdb::MsMs 1472966 Specdb::MsMs 1472967 Specdb::MsMs 1472968 Specdb::MsMs 1472969 Specdb::MsMs 1472970 Specdb::MsMs 1472971 Specdb::NmrTwoD 995 Specdb::NmrTwoD 1210 HMDB00211 892 10239179 C00137 17268 MYO-INOSITOL INS MI Keseler, I. 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