<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>2.0</version>
  <creation_date>2012-05-31 14:04:00 -0600</creation_date>
  <update_date>2015-06-03 15:54:41 -0600</update_date>
  <accession>ECMDB04062</accession>
  <m2m_id>M2MDB000592</m2m_id>
  <name>2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate</name>
  <description>2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate is an intermediate in the synthesis of ascorbic acid.  It is a substrate for the enzyme 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase B.  This enzyme catalyzes the reduction of 2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid (25DKG) to 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2KLG) with the following reaction: 2-dehydro-D-gluconate + NADP+ = 2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate + NADPH.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>2,5-Didehydro-D-gluconate</synonym>
    <synonym>2,5-Didehydro-D-gluconic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2,5-diketo-D-gluconate</synonym>
    <synonym>2,5-Diketo-D-gluconic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2,5-Diketogluconate</synonym>
    <synonym>2,5-Diketogluconic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Dehydro-L-idonate</synonym>
    <synonym>2-Dehydro-L-idonic acid</synonym>
    <synonym>D-Threo-hexo-2,5-diulosonate</synonym>
    <synonym>D-Threo-hexo-2,5-diulosonic acid</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C6H7O7</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>191.1156</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>191.019177578</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>(3S,4S)-3,4,6-trihydroxy-2,5-dioxohexanoate</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>2,5-diketo-D-gluconate</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>53736-12-2</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>[H][C@@](O)(C(=O)CO)[C@]([H])(O)C(=O)C([O-])=O</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C6H8O7/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13/h3-4,7,9-10H,1H2,(H,12,13)/p-1/t3-,4+/m1/s1</inchi>
  <inchikey>RXMWXENJQAINCC-DMTCNVIQSA-M</inchikey>
  <state></state>
  <cellular_locations>
    <cellular_location>Cytosol</cellular_location>
  </cellular_locations>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>-1.14</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-0.08</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>1.73e+02 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>-2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>2.52</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>-3.3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>(3S,4S)-3,4,6-trihydroxy-2,5-dioxohexanoate</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>191.1156</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>191.019177578</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>[H][C@@](O)(C(=O)CO)[C@]([H])(O)C(=O)C([O-])=O</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C6H7O7</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C6H8O7/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13/h3-4,7,9-10H,1H2,(H,12,13)/p-1/t3-,4+/m1/s1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>RXMWXENJQAINCC-DMTCNVIQSA-M</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>134.96</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>47.65</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>15.11</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>5</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>7</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>-1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>-1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>ketogluconate metabolism</name>
      <description/>
      <pathwhiz_id>PW002003</pathwhiz_id>
      <kegg_map_id/>
      <subject>Metabolic</subject>
    </pathway>
    <pathway>
      <name>ketogluconate metabolism</name>
      <ecocyc_pathway_id>KETOGLUCONMET-PWY</ecocyc_pathway_id>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275458</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275459</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275460</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275461</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275462</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275463</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275464</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275465</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275466</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275467</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275468</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275469</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275470</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275471</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275472</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275473</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275474</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275475</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275476</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>275477</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>26780</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>26781</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>26782</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>33338</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>33339</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>33340</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id/>
  <pubchem_compound_id>9548631</pubchem_compound_id>
  <chemspider_id>7827554</chemspider_id>
  <kegg_id>C02780</kegg_id>
  <chebi_id>11449</chebi_id>
  <biocyc_id>25-DIDEHYDRO-D-GLUCONATE</biocyc_id>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>21097882</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>22080510</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>van der Werf, M. J., Overkamp, K. M., Muilwijk, B., Coulier, L., Hankemeier, T. (2007). "Microbial metabolomics: toward a platform with full metabolome coverage." Anal Biochem 370:17-25.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>17765195</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Yurtsever D. (2007). Fatty acid methyl ester profiling of Enterococcus and Esherichia coli for microbial source tracking. M.sc. Thesis. Villanova University: U.S.A</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id/>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <synthesis_reference></synthesis_reference>
  <msds_url/>
  <enzymes>
    <enzyme>
      <name>2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase B</name>
      <uniprot_id>P30863</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>DKGB_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>dkgB</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P30863.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Glyoxylate/hydroxypyruvate reductase B</name>
      <uniprot_id>P37666</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>GHRB_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>ghrB</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P37666.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>2,5-diketo-D-gluconic acid reductase A</name>
      <uniprot_id>Q46857</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>DKGA_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>dkgA</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/Q46857.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
  </enzymes>
  <transporters>
  </transporters>
  <reactions>
    <reaction_text>2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate + Hydrogen ion + NADPH &gt;2 -Dehydro-L-gulonate + NADP</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate + Hydrogen ion + NADH &gt; 5-Keto-D-gluconate + NAD</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate + Hydrogen ion + NADPH &gt; 5-Keto-D-gluconate + NADP</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id>YIAE1-RXN</ecocyc_id>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Hydrogen ion + NADPH + 2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate &lt;&gt; 2-Dehydro-D-gluconate + NADP</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id>1.1.1.274-RXN</ecocyc_id>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate + NAD(P)H + Hydrogen ion &gt; 2-keto-L-gulonate + NAD(P)&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id>RXN-12105</ecocyc_id>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Hydrogen ion + 2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate + NADPH &lt;&gt; 5-Keto-D-gluconate + NADP</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id>YIAE1-RXN</ecocyc_id>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>NADP &lt;&gt; 2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate + NADPH + Hydrogen ion</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id>R08878 </kegg_reaction_id>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>2-Dehydro-D-gluconate + NADP &lt;&gt; 2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate + NADPH + Hydrogen ion</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id>R05823 </kegg_reaction_id>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate + NADPH + Hydrogen ion + NADPH &gt; NADP + 5-Keto-D-gluconate + 5-Keto-D-gluconate</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id>PW_R005647</pw_reaction_id>
    <reaction_text>2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate + Hydrogen ion + NADPH + NADPH &gt; NADP + 2-Keto-L-gluconate + 2-Dehydro-D-gluconate</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id>PW_R005648</pw_reaction_id>
    <reaction_text>NADP &lt;&gt;2 2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate + NADPH + Hydrogen ion</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>2 2-Dehydro-D-gluconate + NADP &lt;&gt;2 2,5-Diketo-D-gluconate + NADPH + Hydrogen ion</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
  </reactions>
  <concentrations>
  </concentrations>
</compound>
