<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<compound>
  <version>2.0</version>
  <creation_date>2012-05-31 14:00:17 -0600</creation_date>
  <update_date>2015-06-03 15:54:32 -0600</update_date>
  <accession>ECMDB03791</accession>
  <m2m_id>M2MDB000523</m2m_id>
  <name>3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde</name>
  <description>3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) is a metabolite of the monoamine oxidase-catalyzed oxidative deamination of dopamine. Aldehydes are highly reactive molecules formed during the biotransformation of numerous endogenous and exogenous compounds, including biogenic amines. Aldehyde dehydrogenases are a group of NAD(P)+ -dependent enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of aldehydes, such as those derived from catecholamines, to their corresponding carboxylic acids.</description>
  <synonyms>
    <synonym>3,4-Dihydroxy-Benzeneacetaldehyde</synonym>
    <synonym>Protocatechuatealdehyde</synonym>
  </synonyms>
  <chemical_formula>C8H8O3</chemical_formula>
  <average_molecular_weight>152.1473</average_molecular_weight>
  <monisotopic_moleculate_weight>152.047344122</monisotopic_moleculate_weight>
  <iupac_name>2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde</iupac_name>
  <traditional_iupac>dopal</traditional_iupac>
  <cas_registry_number>5707-55-1</cas_registry_number>
  <smiles>OC1=C(O)C=C(CC=O)C=C1</smiles>
  <inchi>InChI=1S/C8H8O3/c9-4-3-6-1-2-7(10)8(11)5-6/h1-2,4-5,10-11H,3H2</inchi>
  <inchikey>IADQVXRMSNIUEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N</inchikey>
  <state>Solid</state>
  <cellular_locations>
    <cellular_location>Extra-organism</cellular_location>
    <cellular_location>Periplasm</cellular_location>
  </cellular_locations>
  <predicted_properties>
    <property>
      <kind>logp</kind>
      <value>1.15</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>logs</kind>
      <value>-1.24</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
    <property>
      <kind>solubility</kind>
      <value>8.72e+00 g/l</value>
      <source>ALOGPS</source>
    </property>
  </predicted_properties>
  <experimental_properties>
  </experimental_properties>
  <property>
    <kind>logp</kind>
    <value>0.85</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_acidic</kind>
    <value>9.27</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>pka_strongest_basic</kind>
    <value>-6.3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>iupac</kind>
    <value>2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>average_mass</kind>
    <value>152.1473</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>mono_mass</kind>
    <value>152.047344122</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>smiles</kind>
    <value>OC1=C(O)C=C(CC=O)C=C1</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formula</kind>
    <value>C8H8O3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchi</kind>
    <value>InChI=1S/C8H8O3/c9-4-3-6-1-2-7(10)8(11)5-6/h1-2,4-5,10-11H,3H2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>inchikey</kind>
    <value>IADQVXRMSNIUEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polar_surface_area</kind>
    <value>57.53</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>refractivity</kind>
    <value>40.4</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>polarizability</kind>
    <value>14.78</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>rotatable_bond_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>acceptor_count</kind>
    <value>3</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>donor_count</kind>
    <value>2</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>physiological_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <property>
    <kind>formal_charge</kind>
    <value>0</value>
    <source>ChemAxon</source>
  </property>
  <pathways>
    <pathway>
      <name>Tyrosine metabolism</name>
      <description/>
      <pathwhiz_id/>
      <kegg_map_id>ec00350</kegg_map_id>
      <subject/>
    </pathway>
  </pathways>
  <spectra>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>24620</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>38654</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::CMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>153813</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34742</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34743</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34744</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34745</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34746</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34747</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34748</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34749</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34750</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34751</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34752</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34753</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34754</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34755</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34756</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34757</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34758</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34759</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34760</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::NmrOneD</type>
      <spectrum_id>34761</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>19931</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>19932</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>19933</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21482</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21483</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>21484</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2461312</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2461313</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2461314</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2477363</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2477364</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
    <spectrum>
      <type>Specdb::MsMs</type>
      <spectrum_id>2477365</spectrum_id>
    </spectrum>
  </spectra>
  <hmdb_id>HMDB03791</hmdb_id>
  <pubchem_compound_id>119219</pubchem_compound_id>
  <chemspider_id>106504</chemspider_id>
  <kegg_id>C04043</kegg_id>
  <chebi_id/>
  <biocyc_id>34-DIHYDROXYPHENYLACETALDEHYDE</biocyc_id>
  <het_id/>
  <wikipidia/>
  <foodb_id/>
  <general_references>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Keseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>21097882</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>22080510</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Florang VR, Rees JN, Brogden NK, Anderson DG, Hurley TD, Doorn JA: Inhibition of the oxidative metabolism of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde, a reactive intermediate of dopamine metabolism, by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. Neurotoxicology. 2007 Jan;28(1):76-82. Epub 2006 Aug 1.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>16956664</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Marchitti SA, Deitrich RA, Vasiliou V: Neurotoxicity and metabolism of the catecholamine-derived 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde: the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase. Pharmacol Rev. 2007 Jun;59(2):125-50. Epub 2007 Mar 22.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>17379813</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Burke WJ, Li SW, Chung HD, Ruggiero DA, Kristal BS, Johnson EM, Lampe P, Kumar VB, Franko M, Williams EA, Zahm DS: Neurotoxicity of MAO metabolites of catecholamine neurotransmitters: role in neurodegenerative diseases. Neurotoxicology. 2004 Jan;25(1-2):101-15.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>14697885</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
    <reference>
      <reference_text>Burke WJ, Li SW, Zahm DS, Macarthur H, Kolo LL, Westfall TC, Anwar M, Glickstein SB, Ruggiero DA: Catecholamine monoamine oxidase a metabolite in adrenergic neurons is cytotoxic in vivo. Brain Res. 2001 Feb 9;891(1-2):218-27.</reference_text>
      <pubmed_id>11164826</pubmed_id>
    </reference>
  </general_references>
  <synthesis_reference/>
  <msds_url/>
  <enzymes>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Primary amine oxidase</name>
      <uniprot_id>P46883</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>AMO_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>tynA</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P46883.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
  </enzymes>
  <transporters>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Outer membrane protein N</name>
      <uniprot_id>P77747</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>OMPN_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>ompN</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P77747.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Outer membrane pore protein E</name>
      <uniprot_id>P02932</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>PHOE_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>phoE</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P02932.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Outer membrane protein F</name>
      <uniprot_id>P02931</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>OMPF_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>ompF</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P02931.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
    <enzyme>
      <name>Outer membrane protein C</name>
      <uniprot_id>P06996</uniprot_id>
      <uniprot_name>OMPC_ECOLI</uniprot_name>
      <gene_name>ompC</gene_name>
      <protein_url>http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P06996.xml</protein_url>
    </enzyme>
  </transporters>
  <reactions>
    <reaction_text>Dopamine + Water + Oxygen &gt; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + Hydrogen peroxide + Ammonium</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id/>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
    <reaction_text>Dopamine + Water + Oxygen &lt;&gt; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + Ammonia + Hydrogen peroxide</reaction_text>
    <kegg_reaction_id>R04300</kegg_reaction_id>
    <ecocyc_id/>
    <pw_reaction_id/>
  </reactions>
  <concentrations>
  </concentrations>
</compound>
