2.02012-05-31 13:54:48 -06002015-09-13 12:56:11 -0600ECMDB01875M2MDB000425MethanolMethanol is the simplest alcohol, and is a light, volatile, colourless, flammable, poisonous liquid with a distinctive odor that is somewhat milder and sweeter than ethanol. It is produced naturally in the anaerobic metabolism of many varieties of bacteria, and is ubiquitous in the environment. As a result, there is a small fraction of methanol vapor in the atmosphere. (Wikipedia). Alcool methyliqueAlcool metilicoCarbinolCH3OHColonial spiritColumbian spiritColumbian spiritsHydroxymethaneMeOHMetanoloMethanolMethanol-water mixtureMethyl alcoholMethyl hydroxideMethylalkoholMethylolMetOHMetylowy alkoholMonohydroxymethanePyro alcoholPyroxylic spiritSpirit of woodWood alcoholWood naphthaWood spiritCH4O32.041932.02621475methanolmethanol67-56-1COInChI=1S/CH4O/c1-2/h2H,1H3OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-NLiquidCytosolExtra-organismPeriplasmlogp-1.38logs1.21solubility5.19e+02 g/lmelting_point-97.6 oClogp-0.52pka_strongest_acidic15.78pka_strongest_basic-2.5iupacmethanolaverage_mass32.0419mono_mass32.02621475smilesCOformulaCH4OinchiInChI=1S/CH4O/c1-2/h2H,1H3inchikeyOKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-Npolar_surface_area20.23refractivity8.26polarizability3.38rotatable_bond_count0acceptor_count1donor_count1physiological_charge0formal_charge0Starch and sucrose metabolismThe metabolism of starch and sucrose begins with D-fructose interacting with a D-glucose in a reversible reaction through a maltodextrin glucosidase resulting in a water molecule and a sucrose. D-fructose is phosphorylated through an ATP driven fructokinase resulting in the release of an ADP, a hydrogen ion and a Beta-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate. This compound can also be introduced into the cytoplasm through either a mannose PTS permease or a hexose-6-phosphate:phosphate antiporter.
The Beta-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate is isomerized through a phosphoglucose isomerase resulting in a Beta-D-glucose 6-phosphate. This compound can also be incorporated by glucose PTS permease or a hexose-6-phosphate:phosphate antiporter.
The beta-D-glucose 6 phosphate can also be produced by a D-glucose being phosphorylated by an ATP-driven glucokinase resulting in a ADP, a hydrogen ion and a Beta-D-glucose 6 phosphate.
The beta-D-glucose can produce alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate by two methods:
1.-Beta-D-glucose is isomerized into an alpha-D-Glucose 6-phosphate and then interacts in a reversible reaction through a phosphoglucomutase-1 resulting in a alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate.
2.-Beta-D-glucose interacts with a putative beta-phosphoglucomutase resulting in a Beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate. Beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate can be incorporated into the cytoplasm through a
glucose PTS permease. This compound is then isomerized into a Alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate
The beta-D-glucose can cycle back into a D-fructose by first interacting with D-fructose in a reversible reaction through a Polypeptide: predicted glucosyltransferase resulting in the release of a phosphate and a sucrose. The sucrose then interacts in a reversible reaction with a water molecule through a maltodextrin glucosidase resulting in a D-glucose and a D-fructose.
Alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate can produce glycogen in by two different sets of reactions:
1.-Alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate interacts with a hydrogen ion and an ATP through a glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase resulting in a pyrophosphate and an ADP-glucose. The ADP-glucose then interacts with an amylose through a glycogen synthase resulting in the release of an ADP and an Amylose. The amylose then interacts with 1,4-α-glucan branching enzyme resulting in glycogen
2.- Alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate interacts with amylose through a maltodextrin phosphorylase resulting in a phosphate and a glycogen.
Alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate can also interacts with UDP-galactose through a galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase resulting in a galactose 1-phosphate and a Uridine diphosphate glucose. The UDP-glucose then interacts with an alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate through a trehalose-6-phosphate synthase resulting in a uridine 5'-diphosphate, a hydrogen ion and a Trehalose 6- phosphate. The latter compound can also be incorporated into the cytoplasm through a trehalose PTS permease. Trehalose interacts with a water molecule through a trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase resulting in the release of a phosphate and an alpha,alpha-trehalose.The alpha,alpha-trehalose can also be obtained from glycogen being metabolized through a glycogen debranching enzyme resulting in a the alpha, alpha-trehalose. This compound ca then be hydrated through a cytoplasmic trehalase resulting in the release of an alpha-D-glucose and a beta-d-glucose.
Glycogen is then metabolized by reacting with a phosphate through a glycogen phosphorylase resulting in a alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate and a dextrin. The dextrin is then hydrated through a glycogen phosphorylase-limit dextrin α-1,6-glucohydrolase resulting in the release of a debranched limit dextrin and a maltotetraose. This compound can also be incorporated into the cytoplasm through a
maltose ABC transporter. The maltotetraose interacts with a phosphate through a maltodextrin phosphorylase releasing a alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate and a maltotriose. The maltotriose can also be incorporated through a maltose ABC transporter. The maltotriose can then interact with water through a maltodextrin glucosidase resulting in a D-glucose and a D-maltose. D-maltose can also be incorporated through a
maltose ABC transporter
The D-maltose can then interact with a maltotriose through a amylomaltase resulting in a maltotetraose and a D-glucose. The D-glucose is then phosphorylated through an ATP driven glucokinase resulting in a hydrogen ion, an ADP and a Beta-D-glucose 6-phosphatePW000941ec00500MetabolicTropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesisec00960Methane metabolismec00680Pentose and glucuronate interconversionsec00040Drug metabolism - other enzymesec00983Biotin metabolismBiotin (vitamin H or vitamin B7) is the essential cofactor of biotin-dependent carboxylases, such as pyruvate carboxylase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase.In E. coli and many organisms, pimelate thioester is derived from malonyl-ACP. The pathway starts with a malonyl-[acp] interacting with S-adenosylmethionine through a biotin synthesis protein BioC resulting in a S-adenosylhomocysteine and a malonyl-[acp] methyl ester. The latter compound is then involved in the synthesis of a 3-ketoglutaryl-[acp] methyl ester through a 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase. The compound 3-ketoglutaryl-[acp] methyl ester is reduced by a NADPH mediated 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase resulting in a 3R-hydroxyglutaryl-[acp] methyl ester. This compound is then dehydrated through ad (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-[acp] dehydratase producing a enoylglutaryl-[acp] methyl ester. This compound is then reduced through a NADPH mediated enoyl-acp-reductase [NADH] resulting in a glutaryl-[acp] methyl ester. This compound interacts with a malonyl-[acp] through a 3-oxoacyl-[acp] synthase 2 resulting in a 3-ketopimeloyl [acp] methyl ester. This compound is then reduced through a NADPH 3-oxoacyl [acp] reductase producing a 3-hydroxypimeloyl-[acp] methyl ester and then dehydrated by (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-[acp] dehydratase to produce a enoylpimeloyl-[acp] methyl ester. This compound is then reduced by a NADPH dependent enoyl-[acp]reductase resulting in a pimeloyl-[acp] methyl ester. This compound then reacts with water through a carboxylesterase resulting in a pimeloyl-[acp] and a methanol. The pimeloyl-acp reacts with L-alanine through a 8-amino-7-oxononanoate synthase resulting in 8-amino-7-oxononanoate which in turn reacts with S-adenosylmethionine through a 7,8 diaminonanoate transaminase resulting in a S-adenosyl-4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate and 7,8 diaminononanoate. The latter compound is then dephosphorylated through a dethiobiotin synthetase resulting in a dethiobiotin. This compound interacts with a sulfurated[sulfur carrier), a hydrogen ion and a S-adenosylmethionine through a biotin synthase to produce Biotin and releasing l-methionine and a 5-deoxyadenosine.
Biotin is then metabolized by a bifunctional protein resulting in pyrophosphate and Biotinyl-5-AMP which in turn reacts with the same protein (bifunctional protein birA resulting ina biotin caroxyl carrying protein.This product then enters the fatty acid biosynthesis.
PW000762ec00780MetabolicMicrobial metabolism in diverse environmentsec01120Two-component systemec02020Metabolic pathwayseco011007-keto-8-aminopelargonate biosynthesis IPWY-6519Specdb::CMs20569Specdb::CMs29321Specdb::CMs29529Specdb::CMs38162Specdb::CMs99719Specdb::CMs99720Specdb::CMs165242Specdb::EiMs939Specdb::NmrOneD1773Specdb::NmrOneD2575Specdb::NmrOneD3271Specdb::NmrOneD9802Specdb::NmrOneD9803Specdb::NmrOneD9804Specdb::NmrOneD9805Specdb::NmrOneD9806Specdb::NmrOneD9807Specdb::NmrOneD9808Specdb::NmrOneD9809Specdb::NmrOneD9810Specdb::NmrOneD9811Specdb::NmrOneD9812Specdb::NmrOneD9813Specdb::NmrOneD9814Specdb::NmrOneD9815Specdb::NmrOneD9816Specdb::NmrOneD9817Specdb::NmrOneD9818Specdb::NmrOneD9819Specdb::NmrOneD9820Specdb::NmrOneD9821Specdb::MsMs1768Specdb::MsMs1769Specdb::MsMs1770Specdb::MsMs5532Specdb::MsMs20492Specdb::MsMs20493Specdb::MsMs20494Specdb::MsMs22043Specdb::MsMs22044Specdb::MsMs22045Specdb::MsMs2298501Specdb::MsMs2298502Specdb::MsMs2298503Specdb::MsMs2637622Specdb::MsMs2637623Specdb::MsMs2637624Specdb::NmrTwoD1092Specdb::NmrTwoD1713HMDB01875887864C0013217790METOHOMEMethanolKeseler, I. 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Process for production of methanol from a methane gas stream. PCT Int. Appl. (2007), 21pp. http://hmdb.ca/system/metabolites/msds/000/001/466/original/HMDB01875.pdf?1358462830Chemotaxis response regulator protein-glutamate methylesteraseP07330CHEB_ECOLIcheBhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P07330.xmlCarboxylesterase BioHP13001BIOH_ECOLIbioHhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P13001.xmlCatalase-peroxidaseP13029KATG_ECOLIkatGhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P13029.xmlCatalase HPIIP21179CATE_ECOLIkatEhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P21179.xmlPutative acyl-CoA thioester hydrolase ybhCP46130YBHC_ECOLIybhChttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P46130.xmlacetyl esterase (EC:3.1.1.-)P23872aeshttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P23872.xmlOuter membrane protein NP77747OMPN_ECOLIompNhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P77747.xmlOuter membrane pore protein EP02932PHOE_ECOLIphoEhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P02932.xmlOuter membrane protein FP02931OMPF_ECOLIompFhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P02931.xmlOuter membrane protein CP06996OMPC_ECOLIompChttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P06996.xmlWater + Pimeloyl-[acyl-carrier protein] methyl ester > Methanol + Pimeloyl-[acyl-carrier protein]Methanol + Hydrogen peroxide <> Formaldehyde +2 WaterR00602L-Lyxose + Water <> Methanol + Pectic acidR02362Ecgonine methyl ester + Water <> Ecgonine + MethanolR06729Pimelyl-[acyl-carrier protein] methyl ester + Water + Pimeloyl-[acyl-carrier protein] methyl ester <> Pimelyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + Methanol + Pimeloyl-[acyl-carrier protein]R09725Pimelyl-[acyl-carrier protein] methyl ester + Water > pimelyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + MethanolProtein L-glutamate O(5)-methyl ester + Water > protein L-glutamate + MethanolPectin + Water <> Methanol + Pectic acidR02362 R06250 Protein glutamate methyl ester + Water <> Protein glutamate + MethanolR02624 a pimeloyl-[acp] methyl ester + Water > Methanol + a pimeloyl-[acp]PW_R002465Protein glutamate methyl ester + Water <> Protein glutamate + Methanol