2.0 2012-05-31 13:03:00 -0600 2015-09-13 12:56:09 -0600 ECMDB00990 M2MDB000217 Acetaldehyde Acetaldehyde is a colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. Small amounts of acetaldehyde are produced naturally through gut microbial fermentation. Acetaldehyde is produced through the action of alcohol dehydrogenase on ethanol and is somewhate more toxic than ethanol. Acetaldehyde Acetic aldehyde Aldehyde Ethanal Ethyl aldehyde C2H4O 44.0526 44.02621475 acetaldehyde acetaldehyde 75-07-0 CC=O InChI=1S/C2H4O/c1-2-3/h2H,1H3 IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Liquid Cytosol Extra-organism Periplasm logp -0.01 ALOGPS logs 0.71 ALOGPS solubility 2.25e+02 g/l ALOGPS melting_point -123 oC logp -0.38 ChemAxon pka_strongest_acidic 16.73 ChemAxon pka_strongest_basic -6.9 ChemAxon iupac acetaldehyde ChemAxon average_mass 44.0526 ChemAxon mono_mass 44.02621475 ChemAxon smiles CC=O ChemAxon formula C2H4O ChemAxon inchi InChI=1S/C2H4O/c1-2-3/h2H,1H3 ChemAxon inchikey IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChemAxon polar_surface_area 17.07 ChemAxon refractivity 11.72 ChemAxon polarizability 4.48 ChemAxon rotatable_bond_count 0 ChemAxon acceptor_count 1 ChemAxon donor_count 0 ChemAxon physiological_charge 0 ChemAxon formal_charge 0 ChemAxon Pentose phosphate pathway ec00030 Butanoate metabolism ec00650 Phenylalanine metabolism The pathways of the metabolism of phenylalaline begins with the conversion of chorismate to prephenate through a P-protein (chorismate mutase:pheA). Prephenate then interacts with a hydrogen ion through the same previous enzyme resulting in a release of carbon dioxide, water and a phenolpyruvic acid. Three enzymes those enconde by tyrB, aspC and ilvE are involved in catalyzing the third step of these pathways, all three can contribute to the synthesis of phenylalanine: only tyrB and aspC contribute to biosynthesis of tyrosine. Phenolpyruvic acid can also be obtained from a reversivle reaction with ammonia, a reduced acceptor and a D-amino acid dehydrogenase, resulting in a water, an acceptor and a D-phenylalanine, which can be then transported into the periplasmic space by aromatic amino acid exporter. L-phenylalanine also interacts in two reversible reactions, one involved with oxygen through a catalase peroxidase resulting in a carbon dioxide and 2-phenylacetamide. The other reaction involved an interaction with oxygen through a phenylalanine aminotransferase resulting in a oxoglutaric acid and phenylpyruvic acid. L-phenylalanine can be imported into the cytoplasm through an aromatic amino acid:H+ symporter AroP. The compound can also be imported into the periplasmic space through a transporter: L-amino acid efflux transporter. PW000921 ec00360 Metabolic Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism ec00260 Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis ec00010 Pyruvate metabolism ec00620 Glycerophospholipid metabolism ec00564 Benzoate degradation via hydroxylation ec00362 Biphenyl degradation ec00621 Toluene and xylene degradation ec00622 Microbial metabolism in diverse environments ec01120 Phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism ec00440 Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation ec00625 Metabolic pathways eco01100 2-Oxopent-4-enoate metabolism The pathway starts with trans-cinnamate interacting with a hydrogen ion, an oxygen molecule, and a NADH through a cinnamate dioxygenase resulting in a NAD and a cis-3-(3-Carboxyethenyl)-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol which then interact together through a 2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrophenylpropionate dehydrogenase resulting in the release of a hydrogen ion, an NADH molecule and a 2,3 dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate. The second way by which the 2,3 dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate is acquired is through a 3-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate interacting with a hydrogen ion, a NADH and an oxygen molecule through a 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionate 2-hydroxylase resulting in the release of a NAD molecule, a water molecule and a 2,3-dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate. The compound 2,3 dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate then interacts with an oxygen molecule through a 2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionate 1,2-dioxygenase resulting in a hydrogen ion and a 2-hydroxy-6-oxonona-2,4,7-triene-1,9-dioate. The latter compound then interacts with a water molecule through a 2-hydroxy-6-oxononatrienedioate hydrolase resulting in a release of a hydrogen ion, a fumarate molecule and (2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate. The latter compound reacts spontaneously to isomerize into a 2-oxopent-4-enoate. This compound is then hydrated through a 2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase resulting in a 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate. This compound then interacts with a 4-hydroxy-2-ketovalerate aldolase resulting in the release of a pyruvate, and an acetaldehyde. The acetaldehyde then interacts with a coenzyme A and a NAD molecule through a acetaldehyde dehydrogenase resulting in a hydrogen ion, a NADH and an acetyl-coa which can be incorporated into the TCA cycle PW001890 Metabolic Collection of Reactions without pathways PW001891 Metabolic preQ0 metabolism PreQ0 or 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine is biosynthesized by degrading GTP. GTP first interacts with water through a GTP cyclohydrolase resulting in the release of a formate, a hydrogen ion and a 7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate. The latter compound then interacts with water through a 6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin synthase resulting in a acetaldehyde, triphosphate, 2 hydrogen ion and 6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin. The latter compound then reacts spontaneously with a hydrogen ion resulting in the release of a ammonium molecule and a 7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine. This compound then interacts with ATP and ammonium through 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine synthase resulting in the release of water, phosphate, ADP, hydrogen ion and a 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine. The degradation of 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine can lead to produce a preQ1 or a queuine by reacting with 3 hydrogen ions and 2 NADPH through a 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine reductase. PreQ1 then interacts with a guanine 34 in tRNA through a tRNA-guanine transglycosylase resulting in a release of a guanine and a 7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanosine 34 in tRNA. This nucleic acid then interacts with SAM through a S-adenosylmethionine tRNA ribosyltransferase-isomerase resulting in a release of a hydrogen ion, L-methionine, adenine and an epoxyqueuosine PW001893 Metabolic 2-Oxopent-4-enoate metabolism 2 The pathway starts with trans-cinnamate interacting with a hydrogen ion, an oxygen molecule, and a NADH through a cinnamate dioxygenase resulting in a NAD and a Cis-3-(3-carboxyethyl)-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol which then interact together through a 2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrophenylpropionate dehydrogenase resulting in the release of a hydrogen ion, an NADH molecule and a 2,3 dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate. The second way by which the 2,3 dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate is acquired is through a 3-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate interacting with a hydrogen ion, a NADH and an oxygen molecule through a 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propionate 2-hydroxylase resulting in the release of a NAD molecule, a water molecule and a 2,3-dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate. The compound 2,3 dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate then interacts with an oxygen molecule through a 2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionate 1,2-dioxygenase resulting in a hydrogen ion and a 2-hydroxy-6-oxonona-2,4,7-triene-1,9-dioate. The latter compound then interacts with a water molecule through a 2-hydroxy-6-oxononatrienedioate hydrolase resulting in a release of a hydrogen ion, a fumarate molecule and (2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate. The latter compound reacts spontaneously to isomerize into a 2-oxopent-4-enoate. This compound is then hydrated through a 2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase resulting in a 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate. This compound then interacts with a 4-hydroxy-2-ketovalerate aldolase resulting in the release of a pyruvate, and an acetaldehyde. The acetaldehyde then interacts with a coenzyme A and a NAD molecule through a acetaldehyde dehydrogenase resulting in a hydrogen ion, a NADH and an acetyl-coa which can be incorporated into the TCA cycle PW002035 Metabolic purine deoxyribonucleosides degradation PW002077 Metabolic ethanolamine Ethanolamin, in E.coli, is produced through phospholipid biosynthesis. Once in the cytosol it can be used to produce acetaldehyde by reacting with ethanolamine ammonia-lyase resulting in the release of ammonium and acetaldehyde. PW002094 Metabolic pyrimidine deoxyribonucleosides degradation PWY0-1298 purine deoxyribonucleosides degradation PWY0-1297 mixed acid fermentation FERMENTATION-PWY ethanolamine utilization PWY0-1477 preQ₀ biosynthesis PWY-6703 ethanol degradation I ETOH-ACETYLCOA-ANA-PWY threonine degradation IV PWY-5436 2-oxopentenoate degradation PWY-5162 Specdb::CMs 3167 Specdb::CMs 132127 Specdb::CMs 139861 Specdb::EiMs 284 Specdb::NmrOneD 2611 Specdb::NmrOneD 3310 Specdb::NmrOneD 4729 Specdb::NmrOneD 331082 Specdb::NmrOneD 331083 Specdb::NmrOneD 331084 Specdb::NmrOneD 331085 Specdb::NmrOneD 331086 Specdb::NmrOneD 331087 Specdb::NmrOneD 331088 Specdb::NmrOneD 331089 Specdb::NmrOneD 331090 Specdb::NmrOneD 331091 Specdb::NmrOneD 331092 Specdb::NmrOneD 331093 Specdb::NmrOneD 331094 Specdb::NmrOneD 331095 Specdb::NmrOneD 331096 Specdb::NmrOneD 331097 Specdb::NmrOneD 331098 Specdb::NmrOneD 331099 Specdb::NmrOneD 331100 Specdb::NmrOneD 331101 Specdb::MsMs 1378 Specdb::MsMs 1379 Specdb::MsMs 1380 Specdb::MsMs 21119 Specdb::MsMs 21120 Specdb::MsMs 21121 Specdb::MsMs 22670 Specdb::MsMs 22671 Specdb::MsMs 22672 Specdb::MsMs 2346005 Specdb::MsMs 2346006 Specdb::MsMs 2346007 Specdb::MsMs 2592607 Specdb::MsMs 2592608 Specdb::MsMs 2592609 HMDB00990 177 172 C00084 15343 ACETALD MCB Acetaldehyde Keseler, I. 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Journal of the American Chemical Society (1922), 44 2658-9. http://hmdb.ca/system/metabolites/msds/000/000/889/original/HMDB00990.pdf?1358893258 Deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase P0A6L0 DEOC_ECOLI deoC http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0A6L0.xml Serine hydroxymethyltransferase P0A825 GLYA_ECOLI glyA http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0A825.xml Aldehyde-alcohol dehydrogenase P0A9Q7 ADHE_ECOLI adhE http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0A9Q7.xml Ethanolamine ammonia-lyase heavy chain P0AEJ6 EUTB_ECOLI eutB http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0AEJ6.xml Ethanolamine ammonia-lyase light chain P19636 EUTC_ECOLI eutC http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P19636.xml Gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase P23883 PUUC_ECOLI puuC http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P23883.xml S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase P25437 FRMA_ECOLI frmA http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P25437.xml Aldehyde dehydrogenase B P37685 ALDB_ECOLI aldB http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P37685.xml Alcohol dehydrogenase, propanol-preferring P39451 ADHP_ECOLI adhP http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P39451.xml 4-hydroxy-2-oxovalerate aldolase P51020 HOA_ECOLI mhpE http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P51020.xml 6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin synthase P65870 QUED_ECOLI queD http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P65870.xml Low specificity L-threonine aldolase P75823 LTAE_ECOLI ltaE http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P75823.xml Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase P77580 ACDH_ECOLI mhpF http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P77580.xml Alkanesulfonate monooxygenase P80645 SSUD_ECOLI ssuD http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P80645.xml aldehyde oxidoreductase, ethanolamine utilization protein P77445 eutE http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P77445.xml predicted Fe-containing alcohol dehydrogenase, Pfam00465 family P37686 yiaY http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P37686.xml reactivating factor for ethanolamine ammonia lyase P76551 eutA http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P76551.xml ethanol dehydrogenase involved in ethanolamine utilization; aldehyde reductase, converts acetaldehyde to ethanol P76553 eutG http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P76553.xml Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase AlkB P05050 alkB http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P05050.xml Outer membrane protein N P77747 OMPN_ECOLI ompN http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P77747.xml Outer membrane pore protein E P02932 PHOE_ECOLI phoE http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P02932.xml Outer membrane protein F P02931 OMPF_ECOLI ompF http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P02931.xml Outer membrane protein C P06996 OMPC_ECOLI ompC http://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P06996.xml Acetaldehyde + Coenzyme A + NAD <> Acetyl-CoA + Hydrogen ion + NADH R00228 ACETALD-DEHYDROG-RXN Ethanol + NAD <> Acetaldehyde + Hydrogen ion + NADH R00754 ALCOHOL-DEHYDROG-RXN Ethanolamine > Acetaldehyde + Ammonium L-Threonine <> Acetaldehyde + Glycine R00751 THREONINE-ALDOLASE-RXN L-Allothreonine > Acetaldehyde + Glycine R06171 LTAA-RXN 4-Hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate > Acetaldehyde + Pyruvic acid R00750 MHPELY-RXN Ethanesulfonate + FMNH + Oxygen > Acetaldehyde + Flavin Mononucleotide + Hydrogen ion + Water + Sulfite Acetaldehyde + Water + NAD > Acetic acid +2 Hydrogen ion + NADH Dihydroneopterin triphosphate + Water > Acetaldehyde + 6-Carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin + Hydrogen ion + Triphosphate RXN0-5507 Acetaldehyde + Water + NADP > Acetic acid +2 Hydrogen ion + NADPH RXN0-3962 Deoxyribose 5-phosphate <> Acetaldehyde + D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate R01066 DEOXYRIBOSE-P-ALD-RXN Ethanolamine <> Acetaldehyde + Ammonia R00749 ETHAMLY-RXN Acetaldehyde + Pyruvic acid <> 4-Hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate R00750 MHPELY-RXN L-Allothreonine <> Glycine + Acetaldehyde R06171 Hydrogen ion + Pyruvic acid + Acetaldehyde > acetoin + Carbon dioxide RXN0-2022 Ethanol + NAD <> Acetaldehyde + NADH + Hydrogen ion ALCOHOL-DEHYDROG-RXN Ethanolamine > Hydrogen ion + Acetaldehyde + Ammonia ETHAMLY-RXN 4-Hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate <> Acetaldehyde + Pyruvic acid MHPELY-RXN Acetaldehyde + NADP + Water > Acetic acid + NADPH + Hydrogen ion RXN0-3962 DL-allothreonine <> Acetaldehyde + Glycine RXN0-5234 1-Ethyladenine + Oxygen + Oxoglutaric acid > Adenine + Carbon dioxide + Acetaldehyde + Succinic acid RXN0-986 L-Threonine > Acetaldehyde + Glycine THREONINE-ALDOLASE-RXN Acetaldehyde + CoA + NAD > Acetyl-CoA + NADH Deoxyribose 5-phosphate > D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + Acetaldehyde Ethanolamine > Acetaldehyde + Ammonia Dihydroneopterin triphosphate + Water > 6-Carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin + Acetaldehyde + Triphosphate 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate + 4-Hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate > Pyruvic acid + Acetaldehyde PW_R005162 Acetaldehyde + Coenzyme A + NAD > Hydrogen ion + NADH + Acetyl-CoA PW_R005163 7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-triphosphate + Water > Acetaldehyde + Triphosphate +2 Hydrogen ion + 6-Carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin + Triphosphate PW_R005178 Deoxyribose 5-phosphate > Acetaldehyde + D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate PW_R006072 Ethanolamine > Ammonium + Acetaldehyde PW_R006110 L-Threonine <> Acetaldehyde + Glycine L-Allothreonine > Acetaldehyde + Glycine Ethanol + NAD <> Acetaldehyde + Hydrogen ion + NADH Ethanolamine <> Acetaldehyde + Ammonia L-Allothreonine > Acetaldehyde + Glycine Ethanol + NAD <> Acetaldehyde + Hydrogen ion + NADH Ethanolamine <> Acetaldehyde + Ammonia