Identification
Name:Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase
Synonyms:
  • Glutamate--tRNA ligase
  • GluRS
Gene Name:gltX
Enzyme Class:
Biological Properties
General Function:Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific Function:Catalyzes the attachment of glutamate to tRNA(Glu) in a two-step reaction:glutamate is first activated by ATP to form Glu-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Glu)
Cellular Location:Cytoplasm
SMPDB Pathways:
KEGG Pathways:
KEGG Reactions:
1.0tRNA(Glu)+1.0Thumb+1.0Thumb+1.0tRNA(Glu)1.0L-Glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)+1.0Thumb+1.0Thumb+1.0Thumb
1.0tRNA(Glu) + 1.0L-Glutamate + 1.0Adenosine triphosphate + 1.0tRNA(Glu) ↔ 1.0L-Glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) + 1.0Pyrophosphate + 1.0Adenosine monophosphate + 1.0L-Glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)
ReactionCard
SMPDB Reactions:
1.0L-Glutamic acid+1.0Thumb+1.0Thumb+1.0tRNA(Glu)+1.0Thumb1.0Pyrophosphate+1.0Thumb+1.0L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)
1.0L-Glutamic acid + 1.0Adenosine triphosphate + 1.0Hydrogen ion + 1.0tRNA(Glu) + 1.0L-Glutamate → 1.0Pyrophosphate + 1.0Adenosine monophosphate + 1.0L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)
ReactionCard
8.0L-Glutamic acid+8.0Thumb+8.0Thumb+8.0tRNA(Glu)+8.0Thumb8.0Thumb+8.0Pyrophosphate+8.0L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)
8.0L-Glutamic acid + 8.0Hydrogen ion + 8.0Adenosine triphosphate + 8.0tRNA(Glu) + 8.0L-Glutamate → 8.0Adenosine monophosphate + 8.0Pyrophosphate + 8.0L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)
ReactionCard
Complex Reactions:
1.0Thumb+1.0Thumb+1.0tRNA (Glu)1.0Thumb+1.0L-Glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)+1.0Thumb
1.0Adenosine triphosphate + 1.0L-Glutamate + 1.0tRNA (Glu) → 1.0Adenosine monophosphate + 1.0L-Glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) + 1.0Pyrophosphate
ReactionCard
1.0Thumb+1.0Thumb+1.0tRNA(Glu)1.0Thumb+1.0Thumb+1.0L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)
1.0Adenosine triphosphate + 1.0L-Glutamate + 1.0tRNA(Glu) → 1.0Adenosine monophosphate + 1.0Pyrophosphate + 1.0L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)
ReactionCard
Metabolites:
ECMDB IDNameView
ECMDB00045Adenosine monophosphateMetaboCard
ECMDB00538Adenosine triphosphateMetaboCard
ECMDB21225Hydrogen ionMetaboCard
ECMDB00148L-GlutamateMetaboCard
ECMDB23782L-Glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)MetaboCard
ECMDB04142PyrophosphateMetaboCard
GO Classification:
Component
cell part
cytoplasm
intracellular part
Function
adenyl nucleotide binding
adenyl ribonucleotide binding
aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity
ATP binding
binding
catalytic activity
glutamate-tRNA ligase activity
ligase activity
ligase activity, forming aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds
ligase activity, forming carbon-oxygen bonds
nucleoside binding
nucleotide binding
purine nucleoside binding
Process
biosynthetic process
cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process
cellular macromolecule metabolic process
glutamyl-tRNA aminoacylation
macromolecule biosynthetic process
macromolecule metabolic process
metabolic process
ncRNA metabolic process
RNA metabolic process
translation
tRNA aminoacylation
tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation
tRNA metabolic process
Gene Properties
Blattner:b2400
Gene OrientationCounterclockwise
Centisome Percentage:54.26
Left Sequence End2517279
Right Sequence End2518694
Gene Sequence:
>1416 bp
GTGAAACAAAGCACTATTGCACTGGCACTCTTACCGTTACTGTTTACCCCTGTGACAAAA
GCCCGGACACCAGAAATGCCTGTTCTGGAAAACCGGGCTGCTCAGGGCGATATTACTGCA
CCCGGCGGTGCTCGCCGTTTAACGGGTGATCAGACTGCCGCTCTGCGTGATTCTCTTAGC
GATAAACCTGCAAAAAATATTATTTTGCTGATTGGCGATGGGATGGGGGACTCGGAAATT
ACTGCCGCACGTAATTATGCCGAAGGTGCGGGCGGCTTTTTTAAAGGTATAGATGCCTTA
CCGCTTACCGGGCAATACACTCACTATGCGCTGAATAAAAAAACCGGCAAACCGGACTAC
GTCACCGACTCGGCTGCATCAGCAACCGCCTGGTCAACCGGTGTCAAAACCTATAACGGC
GCGCTGGGCGTCGATATTCACGAAAAAGATCACCCAACGATTCTGGAAATGGCAAAAGCC
GCAGGTCTGGCGACCGGTAACGTTTCTACCGCAGAGTTGCAGGATGCCACGCCCGCTGCG
CTGGTGGCACATGTGACCTCGCGCAAATGCTACGGTCCGAGCGCGACCAGTGAAAAATGT
CCGGGTAACGCTCTGGAAAAAGGCGGAAAAGGATCGATTACCGAACAGCTGCTTAACGCT
CGTGCCGACGTTACGCTTGGCGGCGGCGCAAAAACCTTTGCTGAAACGGCAACCGCTGGT
GAATGGCAGGGAAAAACGCTGCGTGAACAGGCACAGGCGCGTGGTTATCAGTTGGTGAGC
GATGCTGCCTCACTGAATTCGGTGACGGAAGCGAATCAGCAAAAACCCCTGCTTGGCCTG
TTTGCTGACGGCAATATGCCAGTGCGCTGGCTAGGACCGAAAGCAACGTACCATGGCAAT
ATCGATAAGCCCGCAGTCACCTGTACGCCAAATCCGCAACGTAATGACAGTGTACCAACC
CTGGCGCAGATGACCGACAAAGCCATTGAATTGTTGAGTAAAAATGAGAAAGGCTTTTTC
CTGCAAGTTGAAGGTGCGTCAATCGATAAACAGGATCATGCTGCGAATCCTTGTGGGCAA
ATTGGCGAGACGGTCGATCTCGATGAAGCCGTACAACGGGCGCTGGAATTCGCTAAAAAG
GAGGGTAACACGCTGGTCATAGTCACCGCTGATCACGCCCACGCCAGCCAGATTGTTGCG
CCGGATACCAAAGCTCCGGGCCTCACCCAGGCGCTAAATACCAAAGATGGCGCAGTGATG
GTGATGAGTTACGGGAACTCCGAAGAGGATTCACAAGAACATACCGGCAGTCAGTTGCGT
ATTGCGGCGTATGGCCCGCATGCCGCCAATGTTGTTGGACTGACCGACCAGACCGATCTC
TTCTACACCATGAAAGCCGCTCTGGGGCTGAAATAA
Protein Properties
Pfam Domain Function:
Protein Residues:471
Protein Molecular Weight:53815
Protein Theoretical pI:6
Signaling Regions:
  • None
Transmembrane Regions:
  • None
Protein Sequence:
>Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase
MKIKTRFAPSPTGYLHVGGARTALYSWLFARNHGGEFVLRIEDTDLERSTPEAIEAIMDG
MNWLSLEWDEGPYYQTKRFDRYNAVIDQMLEEGTAYKCYCSKERLEALREEQMAKGEKPR
YDGRCRHSHEHHADDEPCVVRFANPQEGSVVFDDQIRGPIEFSNQELDDLIIRRTDGSPT
YNFCVVVDDWDMEITHVIRGEDHINNTPRQINILKALKAPVPVYAHVSMINGDDGKKLSK
RHGAVSVMQYRDDGYLPEALLNYLVRLGWSHGDQEIFTREEMIKYFTLNAVSKSASAFNT
DKLLWLNHHYINALPPEYVATHLQWHIEQENIDTRNGPQLADLVKLLGERCKTLKEMAQS
CRYFYEDFAEFDADAAKKHLRPVARQPLEVVRDKLAAITDWTAENVHHAIQATADELEVG
MGKVGMPLRVAVTGAGQSPALDVTVHAIGKTRSIERINKALDFIAERENQQ
References
External Links:
ResourceLink
Uniprot ID:P04805
Uniprot Name:SYE_ECOLI
GenBank Gene ID:AP009048
Genebank Protein ID:85674524
Ecogene ID:EG10407
Ecocyc:EG10407
ColiBase:b2400
Kegg Gene:b2400
EchoBASE ID:EB0402
CCDB:SYE_ECOLI
BacMap:16130330
General Reference:
  • Banerjee, R., Dubois, D. Y., Gauthier, J., Lin, S. X., Roy, S., Lapointe, J. (2004). "The zinc-binding site of a class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is a SWIM domain that modulates amino acid binding via the tRNA acceptor arm." Eur J Biochem 271:724-733. Pubmed: 14764088
  • Blattner, F. R., Plunkett, G. 3rd, Bloch, C. A., Perna, N. T., Burland, V., Riley, M., Collado-Vides, J., Glasner, J. D., Rode, C. K., Mayhew, G. F., Gregor, J., Davis, N. W., Kirkpatrick, H. A., Goeden, M. A., Rose, D. J., Mau, B., Shao, Y. (1997). "The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12." Science 277:1453-1462. Pubmed: 9278503
  • Breton, R., Sanfacon, H., Papayannopoulos, I., Biemann, K., Lapointe, J. (1986). "Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase of Escherichia coli. Isolation and primary structure of the gltX gene and homology with other aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases." J Biol Chem 261:10610-10617. Pubmed: 3015933
  • Brun, Y. V., Sanfacon, H., Breton, R., Lapointe, J. (1990). "Closely spaced and divergent promoters for an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase gene and a tRNA operon in Escherichia coli. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gltX, valU and alaW." J Mol Biol 214:845-864. Pubmed: 2201777
  • Hayashi, K., Morooka, N., Yamamoto, Y., Fujita, K., Isono, K., Choi, S., Ohtsubo, E., Baba, T., Wanner, B. L., Mori, H., Horiuchi, T. (2006). "Highly accurate genome sequences of Escherichia coli K-12 strains MG1655 and W3110." Mol Syst Biol 2:2006.0007. Pubmed: 16738553
  • Kern, D., Lapointe, J. (1980). "The catalytic mechanism of glutamyl-tRNA synthetase of Escherichia coli. Evidence for a two-step aminoacylation pathway, and study of the reactivity of the intermediate complex." Eur J Biochem 106:137-150. Pubmed: 6280993
  • Kern, D., Lapointe, J. (1980). "The catalytic mechanism of the glutamyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli. Detection of an intermediate complex in which glutamate is activated." J Biol Chem 255:1956-1961. Pubmed: 6986385
  • Liu, J., Gagnon, Y., Gauthier, J., Furenlid, L., L'Heureux, P. J., Auger, M., Nureki, O., Yokoyama, S., Lapointe, J. (1995). "The zinc-binding site of Escherichia coli glutamyl-tRNA synthetase is located in the acceptor-binding domain. Studies by extended x-ray absorption fine structure, molecular modeling, and site-directed mutagenesis." J Biol Chem 270:15162-15169. Pubmed: 7797500
  • Liu, J., Lin, S. X., Blochet, J. E., Pezolet, M., Lapointe, J. (1993). "The glutamyl-tRNA synthetase of Escherichia coli contains one atom of zinc essential for its native conformation and its catalytic activity." Biochemistry 32:11390-11396. Pubmed: 8218204
  • Yamamoto, Y., Aiba, H., Baba, T., Hayashi, K., Inada, T., Isono, K., Itoh, T., Kimura, S., Kitagawa, M., Makino, K., Miki, T., Mitsuhashi, N., Mizobuchi, K., Mori, H., Nakade, S., Nakamura, Y., Nashimoto, H., Oshima, T., Oyama, S., Saito, N., Sampei, G., Satoh, Y., Sivasundaram, S., Tagami, H., Horiuchi, T., et, a. l. .. (1997). "Construction of a contiguous 874-kb sequence of the Escherichia coli -K12 genome corresponding to 50.0-68.8 min on the linkage map and analysis of its sequence features." DNA Res 4:91-113. Pubmed: 9205837