2.02012-05-31 14:09:56 -06002015-06-03 15:54:55 -0600ECMDB06873M2MDB000700D-Tagatose 6-phosphateD-Tagatose 6-phosphate is an intermediate in galactose metabolism.6-O-Phosphono-D-tagatofuranoseD-Tagatofuranose 6-(dihydrogen phosphate)D-Tagatofuranose 6-(dihydrogen phosphoric acid)D-tagatose 6-phosphateD-Tagatose 6-phosphoric acidTagatose6PC6H13O9P260.1358260.029718526{[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}phosphonic acidD-tagatose 6-phosphateOCC1(O)O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1OInChI=1S/C6H13O9P/c7-2-6(10)5(9)4(8)3(15-6)1-14-16(11,12)13/h3-5,7-10H,1-2H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t3-,4+,5+,6?/m1/s1BGWGXPAPYGQALX-OEXCPVAWSA-NSolidCytosollogp-2.11logs-0.89solubility3.34e+01 g/llogp-2.9pka_strongest_acidic1.22pka_strongest_basic-3.5iupac{[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy}phosphonic acidaverage_mass260.1358mono_mass260.029718526smilesOCC1(O)O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1OformulaC6H13O9PinchiInChI=1S/C6H13O9P/c7-2-6(10)5(9)4(8)3(15-6)1-14-16(11,12)13/h3-5,7-10H,1-2H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t3-,4+,5+,6?/m1/s1inchikeyBGWGXPAPYGQALX-OEXCPVAWSA-Npolar_surface_area156.91refractivity47.23polarizability21.05rotatable_bond_count4acceptor_count8donor_count6physiological_charge-2formal_charge0Galactose metabolismGalactose can be synthesized through two pathways: melibiose degradation involving an alpha galactosidase and lactose degradation involving a beta galactosidase. Melibiose is first transported inside the cell through the melibiose:Li+/Na+/H+ symporter. Once inside the cell, melibiose is degraded through alpha galactosidase into an alpha-D-galactose and a beta-D-glucose. The beta-D-glucose is phosphorylated by a glucokinase to produce a beta-D-glucose-6-phosphate which can spontaneously be turned into a alpha D glucose 6 phosphate. This alpha D-glucose-6-phosphate is metabolized into a glucose -1-phosphate through a phosphoglucomutase-1. The glucose -1-phosphate is transformed into a uridine diphosphate glucose through UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase. The product, uridine diphosphate glucose, can undergo a reversible reaction in which it can be turned into uridine diphosphategalactose through an UDP-glucose 4-epimerase.
Galactose can also be produced by lactose degradation involving a lactose permease to uptake lactose from the environment and a beta-galactosidase to turn lactose into Beta-D-galactose.
Beta-D-galactose can also be uptaken from the environment through a galactose proton symporter.
Galactose is degraded through the following process:
Beta-D-galactose is introduced into the cytoplasm through a galactose proton symporter, or it can be synthesized from an alpha lactose that is introduced into the cytoplasm through a lactose permease. Alpha lactose interacts with water through a beta-galactosidase resulting in a beta-D-glucose and beta-D-galactose. Beta-D-galactose is isomerized into D-galactose. D-Galactose undergoes phosphorylation through a galactokinase, hence producing galactose 1 phosphate. On the other side of the pathway, a gluose-1-phosphate (product of the interaction of alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate with a phosphoglucomutase resulting in a alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate, an isomer of Glucose 1-phosphate, or an isomer of Beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate) interacts with UTP and a hydrogen ion in order to produce a uridine diphosphate glucose. This is followed by the interaction of galactose-1-phosphate with an established amount of uridine diphosphate glucose through a galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, which in turn output a glucose-1-phosphate and a uridine diphosphate galactose. The glucose -1-phosphate is transformed into a uridine diphosphate glucose through UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase. The product, uridine diphosphate glucose, can undergo a reversible reaction in which it can be turned into uridine diphosphategalactose through an UDP-glucose 4-epimerase, and so the cycle can keep going as long as more lactose or galactose is imported into the cell
PW000821ec00052Metabolicgalactitol degradationGALACTITOLCAT-PWYSpecdb::CMs17666Specdb::CMs39127Specdb::CMs132319Specdb::CMs140053Specdb::NmrOneD11182Specdb::NmrOneD11183Specdb::NmrOneD11184Specdb::NmrOneD11185Specdb::NmrOneD11186Specdb::NmrOneD11187Specdb::NmrOneD11188Specdb::NmrOneD11189Specdb::NmrOneD11190Specdb::NmrOneD11191Specdb::NmrOneD11192Specdb::NmrOneD11193Specdb::NmrOneD11194Specdb::NmrOneD11195Specdb::NmrOneD11196Specdb::NmrOneD11197Specdb::NmrOneD11198Specdb::NmrOneD11199Specdb::NmrOneD11200Specdb::NmrOneD11201Specdb::MsMs29435Specdb::MsMs29436Specdb::MsMs29437Specdb::MsMs35993Specdb::MsMs35994Specdb::MsMs35995Specdb::MsMs2689835Specdb::MsMs2689836Specdb::MsMs2689837Specdb::MsMs2989199Specdb::MsMs2989200Specdb::MsMs2989201HMDB068734332388513C010974251TAGATOSE-6-PHOSPHATEKeseler, I. M., Collado-Vides, J., Santos-Zavaleta, A., Peralta-Gil, M., Gama-Castro, S., Muniz-Rascado, L., Bonavides-Martinez, C., Paley, S., Krummenacker, M., Altman, T., Kaipa, P., Spaulding, A., Pacheco, J., Latendresse, M., Fulcher, C., Sarker, M., Shearer, A. G., Mackie, A., Paulsen, I., Gunsalus, R. P., Karp, P. D. (2011). "EcoCyc: a comprehensive database of Escherichia coli biology." Nucleic Acids Res 39:D583-D590.21097882Kanehisa, M., Goto, S., Sato, Y., Furumichi, M., Tanabe, M. (2012). "KEGG for integration and interpretation of large-scale molecular data sets." Nucleic Acids Res 40:D109-D114.220805106-phosphofructokinase isozyme 2P06999K6PF2_ECOLIpfkBhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P06999.xml6-phosphofructokinase isozyme 1P0A796K6PF1_ECOLIpfkAhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0A796.xmlGalactitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenaseP0A9S3GATD_ECOLIgatDhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0A9S3.xmlD-tagatose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase subunit gatZP0C8J8GATZ_ECOLIgatZhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0C8J8.xmlD-tagatose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase subunit kbaZP0C8K0KBAZ_ECOLIkbaZhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P0C8K0.xmlPutative galactosamine-6-phosphate isomeraseP42912AGAI_ECOLIagaIhttp://ecmdb.ca/proteins/P42912.xmlGalactitol 1-phosphate + NAD <> Hydrogen ion + NADH + D-Tagatose 6-phosphateR05571GALACTITOLPDEHYD-RXNAdenosine triphosphate + D-Tagatose 6-phosphate > ADP + Hydrogen ion + D-Tagatose 1,6-bisphosphateR03236TAGAKIN-RXND-Tagatose 6-phosphate + Adenosine triphosphate <> D-Tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate + ADPR03236Cytidine triphosphate + D-Tagatose 6-phosphate <> CDP + D-Tagatose 1,6-bisphosphateR03237Uridine triphosphate + D-Tagatose 6-phosphate <> Uridine 5'-diphosphate + D-Tagatose 1,6-bisphosphateR03238Inosine triphosphate + D-Tagatose 6-phosphate <> IDP + D-Tagatose 1,6-bisphosphateR03239D-Galactosamine 6-phosphate + Water <> D-Tagatose 6-phosphate + AmmoniaR08365D-Galactosamine 6-phosphate + Water > D-Tagatose 6-phosphate + Ammonia